Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a usually autosomal dominant inherited form of muscular dystrophy. At disease onset, typically in the second decade of life, FSHD is characterized by initially restricted weakness of shoulder and facial muscles. With progression, the lower extremities, both distal and proximal, become involved. FSHD is caused by a reduction in the copy number of the D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat. However, the reduction of D4Z4 copy number is not sufficient by itself to cause FSHD. A number of epigenetic events appear to affect the severity of the disease, its rate of progression, and the distribution of muscle weakness.
Lemmers RJ, Tawil R, Petek LM, Balog J, Block GJ, Santen GW, Amell AM, van der Vliet PJ, Almomani R, Straasheijm KR, Krom YD, Klooster R, Sun Y, den Dunnen JT, Helmer Q, Donlin-Smith CM, Padberg GW, van Engelen BG, de Greef JC, Aartsma-Rus AM, Frants RR, de Visser M, Desnuelle C, Sacconi S, Filippova GN, Bakker B, Bamshad MJ, Tapscott SJ, Miller DG, van der Maarel SM
タイトル
Digenic inheritance of an SMCHD1 mutation and an FSHD-permissive D4Z4 allele causes facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 2.
van den Boogaard ML, Lemmers RJLF, Balog J, Wohlgemuth M, Auranen M, Mitsuhashi S, van der Vliet PJ, Straasheijm KR, van den Akker RFP, Kriek M, Laurense-Bik MEY, Raz V, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Hansson KBM, van der Kooi EL, Kiuru-Enari S, Udd B, van Tol MJD, Nishino I, Tawil R, Tapscott SJ, van Engelen BGM, van der Maarel SM
タイトル
Mutations in DNMT3B Modify Epigenetic Repression of the D4Z4 Repeat and the Penetrance of Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy.
