KEGG   PATHWAY: aof04626
Entry
aof04626                    Pathway                                
Name
Plant-pathogen interaction - Asparagus officinalis (garden asparagus)
Description
Plants lack animal-like adaptive immunity mechanisms, and therefore have evolved a specific system with multiple layers against invading pathogens. The primary response includes the perception of pathogens by cell-surface pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and is referred to as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Activation of FLS2 and EFR triggers MAPK signaling pathway that activates defense genes for antimictobial compounds. The increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration is also a regulator for production of reactive oxygen species and localized programmed cell death/hypersensitive response. The secondary response is called effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Pathogens can acquire the ability to suppress PTI by directly injecting effector proteins into the plant cell through secretion systems. In addition, pathogens can manipulate plant hormone signaling pathways to evade host immune responses using coronatine toxin. Some plants possess specific intracellular surveillance proteins (R proteins) to monitor the presence of pathogen virulence proteins. This ETI occurs with localized programmed cell death to arrest pathogen growth, resulting in cultivar-specific disease resistance.
Class
Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation
Pathway map
aof04626  Plant-pathogen interaction
aof04626

Organism
Asparagus officinalis (garden asparagus) [GN:aof]
Gene
109833723  calcium-dependent protein kinase 20-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109824256  calcium-dependent protein kinase 29-like isoform X1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109824807  calcium-dependent protein kinase 28-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830700  calcium and calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830869  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calcium-dependent protein kinase 28-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109825655  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calcium-dependent protein kinase 1-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109825733  calcium-dependent protein kinase 29-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109826367  calcium-dependent protein kinase 26-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109827432  calcium-dependent protein kinase 2-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830006  calcium-dependent protein kinase 15-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830335  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calcium-dependent protein kinase 28-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830337  calcium-dependent protein kinase 24-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830338  calcium-dependent protein kinase 28-like isoform X1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830355  calcium-dependent protein kinase 28-like isoform X1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830356  calcium-dependent protein kinase 28-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109831718  calcium-dependent protein kinase 14 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109832891  calcium-dependent protein kinase 10-like isoform X1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109833550  calcium-dependent protein kinase 2-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109842007  calcium-dependent protein kinase 10-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109834383  calcium-dependent protein kinase 20-like isoform X1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109834591  calcium-dependent protein kinase 11-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109841483  calcium-dependent protein kinase 27-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109841994  calcium-dependent protein kinase 17-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109847823  calcium-dependent protein kinase 26-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109850789  calcium-dependent protein kinase 13-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109836586  calcium-dependent protein kinase 26-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109823293  calcium-dependent protein kinase 18 isoform X1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109837153  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calcium-dependent protein kinase 18-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109820888  calcium-dependent protein kinase 26-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109820970  calcium-dependent protein kinase 20-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109848459  calcium-dependent protein kinase 19-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109827876  CDPK-related kinase 1-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109819383  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: CDPK-related kinase 3-like [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109823955  respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein B-like [KO:K13447] [EC:1.6.3.- 1.11.1.-]
109829252  respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein A [KO:K13447] [EC:1.6.3.- 1.11.1.-]
109844932  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein E-like [KO:K13447] [EC:1.6.3.- 1.11.1.-]
109840500  cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 17-like [KO:K27629]
109840850  cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 1 [KO:K05391]
109844837  probable cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05391]
109823029  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 2 [KO:K05391]
109848708  probable cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 20, chloroplastic [KO:K05391]
109834097  cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 2-like [KO:K05391]
109837272  cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 18-like isoform X1 [KO:K05391]
109827293  putative cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 15 [KO:K05391]
109848003  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 4-like [KO:K05391]
109834634  calmodulin-like protein 12 [KO:K02183]
109831731  calmodulin-7 [KO:K02183]
109848581  calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
109822109  calmodulin-7 [KO:K02183]
109848195  calmodulin-7 [KO:K02183]
109849177  probable calcium-binding protein CML30 [KO:K02183]
109827206  probable calcium-binding protein CML22 [KO:K13448]
109827405  caltractin-like [KO:K13448]
109827905  probable calcium-binding protein CML15 [KO:K13448]
109827868  probable calcium-binding protein CML7 [KO:K13448]
109829600  polcalcin Phl p 7-like [KO:K13448]
109830140  calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K13448]
109843878  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109841307  probable calcium-binding protein CML21 [KO:K13448]
109850590  probable calcium-binding protein CML36 [KO:K13448]
109842916  probable calcium-binding protein CML31 [KO:K13448]
109850031  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109835901  polcalcin Phl p 7-like [KO:K13448]
109841962  putative calcium-binding protein CML23 [KO:K13448]
109843003  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109836768  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable calcium-binding protein CML48 [KO:K13448]
109837122  probable calcium-binding protein CML11 [KO:K13448]
109851019  probable calcium-binding protein CML21 isoform X1 [KO:K13448]
109820631  calmodulin-like protein 1 [KO:K13448]
109843442  calcium-binding protein CML37-like [KO:K13448]
109837476  probable calcium-binding protein CML7 [KO:K13448]
109846482  caltractin-like [KO:K13448]
109843066  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109820027  probable calcium-binding protein CML49 [KO:K13448]
109843763  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109838534  probable calcium-binding protein CML41 [KO:K13448]
109829354  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109832217  neo-calmodulin-like [KO:K13448]
109841009  probable calcium-binding protein CML31 [KO:K13448]
109843051  putative calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
109820246  calmodulin-1-like [KO:K13448]
109822646  putative nitric oxide synthase isoform X1 [KO:K13427] [EC:1.14.13.39]
109837862  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog MMK2-like [KO:K20600] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109851426  mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 [KO:K20600] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109844526  LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase FLS2 [KO:K13420] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109844655  LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase FLS2 [KO:K13420] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109823722  elongation factor Tu, chloroplastic-like [KO:K02358]
109826407  elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02358]
109831520  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: elongation factor Tu, chloroplastic-like [KO:K02358]
109837394  elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02358]
109829965  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109840481  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 [KO:K13413] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109850068  mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 [KO:K20536] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109825148  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K14512] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109830074  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K14512] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109842069  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K14512] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109829360  probable WRKY transcription factor 26 isoform X1 [KO:K13424]
109846772  WRKY transcription factor WRKY24 [KO:K13424]
109842373  WRKY transcription factor 22-like [KO:K13425]
109835050  probable WRKY transcription factor 27 [KO:K13425]
109835736  glycerol kinase [KO:K00864] [EC:2.7.1.30]
109833186  pathogenesis-related protein PRB1-3-like [KO:K13449]
109832106  pathogenesis-related protein 1-like [KO:K13449]
109849148  pathogenesis-related protein PRB1-3-like [KO:K13449]
109825530  PTI1-like tyrosine-protein kinase 3 [KO:K13436] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109827819  pto-interacting protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K13436] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109829464  PTI1-like tyrosine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K13436] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109837599  PTI1-like tyrosine-protein kinase 3 [KO:K13436] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109841096  RPM1-interacting protein 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K13456]
109825077  RPM1-interacting protein 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K13456]
109824360  RPM1-interacting protein 4-like [KO:K13456]
109837224  RPM1-interacting protein 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K13456]
109838361  disease resistance protein RPM1-like [KO:K13457]
109824551  cysteine and histidine-rich domain-containing protein RAR1 isoform X1 [KO:K13458]
109825752  protein SGT1 homolog [KO:K12795]
109825722  endoplasmin homolog [KO:K09487]
109843270  heat shock protein 90-5, chloroplastic [KO:K09487]
109848043  heat shock protein 90-6, mitochondrial-like [KO:K09487]
109836860  endoplasmin homolog [KO:K09487]
109840126  heat shock protein 81-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04079]
109840139  heat shock protein 81-1-like [KO:K04079]
109820371  heat shock protein 83 [KO:K04079]
109848692  heat shock protein 81-1-like [KO:K04079]
109822852  disease resistance protein RPS2-like [KO:K13459]
109830788  disease resistance protein RPS2-like [KO:K13459]
109847982  disease resistance protein At4g27190-like [KO:K13459]
109847984  probable disease resistance protein At1g61310 [KO:K13459]
109848139  probable disease resistance protein At1g61310 isoform X1 [KO:K13459]
109846174  putative disease resistance protein At1g63350 [KO:K13459]
109823207  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable disease resistance protein At1g12290 [KO:K13459]
109820867  disease resistance protein RPS2-like [KO:K13459]
109820869  probable disease resistance protein At5g63020 [KO:K13459]
109824289  serine/threonine-protein kinase PBS1-like isoform X1 [KO:K13430] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109830615  serine/threonine-protein kinase PBS1-like isoform X1 [KO:K13430] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109837340  serine/threonine-protein kinase PBS1-like [KO:K13430] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109823385  cysteine proteinase 1-like [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
109835903  probable cysteine protease RD19D [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
109827042  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 10-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109826929  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 12-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109828619  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 11-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109834530  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109835227  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 11-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109845458  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109851314  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 11-like isoform X1 [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109835640  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 1-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109836257  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 19-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109836259  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 3-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109844724  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109820853  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 11-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109820023  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109819936  3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 11-like [KO:K15397] [EC:2.3.1.199]
109850209  probable WRKY transcription factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18835]
109840142  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable WRKY transcription factor 2 [KO:K18835]
109823957  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysM domain receptor-like kinase 3 [KO:K13429]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
Reference
PMID:18206360
  Authors
Zipfel C
  Title
Pattern-recognition receptors in plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Immunol 20:10-6 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2007.11.003
Reference
PMID:19748302
  Authors
Chinchilla D, Shan L, He P, de Vries S, Kemmerling B
  Title
One for all: the receptor-associated kinase BAK1.
  Journal
Trends Plant Sci 14:535-41 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2009.08.002
Reference
PMID:19423812
  Authors
Boller T, He SY
  Title
Innate immunity in plants: an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens.
  Journal
Science 324:742-4 (2009)
DOI:10.1126/science.1171647
Reference
PMID:19794842
  Authors
Ma W, Smigel A, Verma R, Berkowitz GA
  Title
Cyclic nucleotide gated channels and related signaling components in plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Plant Signal Behav 4:277-82 (2009)
DOI:10.4161/psb.4.4.8103
Reference
PMID:11875555
  Authors
Asai T, Tena G, Plotnikova J, Willmann MR, Chiu WL, Gomez-Gomez L, Boller T, Ausubel FM, Sheen J
  Title
MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity.
  Journal
Nature 415:977-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415977a
Reference
PMID:15922649
  Authors
Zipfel C, Felix G
  Title
Plants and animals: a different taste for microbes?
  Journal
Curr Opin Plant Biol 8:353-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2005.05.004
Reference
PMID:17451411
  Authors
He P, Shan L, Sheen J
  Title
Elicitation and suppression of microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity in plant-microbe interactions.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1385-96 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00944.x
Reference
PMID:17876517
  Authors
de Wit PJ
  Title
How plants recognize pathogens and defend themselves.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 64:2726-32 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-007-7284-7
Reference
PMID:16497589
  Authors
Chisholm ST, Coaker G, Day B, Staskawicz BJ
  Title
Host-microbe interactions: shaping the evolution of the plant immune response.
  Journal
Cell 124:803-14 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.008
Reference
PMID:16677430
  Authors
McHale L, Tan X, Koehl P, Michelmore RW
  Title
Plant NBS-LRR proteins: adaptable guards.
  Journal
Genome Biol 7:212 (2006)
DOI:10.1186/gb-2006-7-4-212
Reference
PMID:11459065
  Authors
Dangl JL, Jones JD
  Title
Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection.
  Journal
Nature 411:826-33 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/35081161
Reference
PMID:17108957
  Authors
Jones JD, Dangl JL
  Title
The plant immune system.
  Journal
Nature 444:323-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nature05286
Reference
PMID:16697674
  Authors
da Cunha L, McFall AJ, Mackey D
  Title
Innate immunity in plants: a continuum of layered defenses.
  Journal
Microbes Infect 8:1372-81 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.12.018
Reference
PMID:15862106
  Authors
Mudgett MB
  Title
New insights to the function of phytopathogenic bacterial type III effectors in plants.
  Journal
Annu Rev Plant Biol 56:509-31 (2005)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.56.032604.144218
Reference
PMID:17714518
  Authors
Ma W, Berkowitz GA
  Title
The grateful dead: calcium and cell death in plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:2571-85 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01031.x
Reference
PMID:14711430
  Authors
Schulze-Lefert P
  Title
Plant immunity: the origami of receptor activation.
  Journal
Curr Biol 14:R22-4 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2003.12.017
Reference
PMID:9868361
  Authors
Van der Biezen EA, Jones JD
  Title
Plant disease-resistance proteins and the gene-for-gene concept.
  Journal
Trends Biochem Sci 23:454-6 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01311-5
Reference
PMID:16936700
  Authors
Abramovitch RB, Anderson JC, Martin GB
  Title
Bacterial elicitation and evasion of plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:601-11 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1984
Related
pathway
aof04144  Endocytosis
KO pathway
ko04626   
LinkDB

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