KEGG   PATHWAY: tod04721
Entry
tod04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Talpa occidentalis (Iberian mole)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
tod04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
tod04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Talpa occidentalis (Iberian mole) [GN:tod]
Gene
119254308  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
119233542  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155]
119233869  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
119234801  SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
119249577  SLC17A7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
119254553  SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 [KO:K12302]
119247390  SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 [KO:K12302]
119247475  SYT1; synaptotagmin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15290]
119232258  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K13504]
119241120  RAB3A; ras-related protein Rab-3A isoform X1 [KO:K07882]
119252616  RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X5 [KO:K15291]
119241516  STX1A; syntaxin-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04560]
119250140  STX3; syntaxin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
119245079  STX2; syntaxin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
119241718  STX1B; syntaxin-1B [KO:K08486]
119232774  STXBP1; syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15292]
119232552  UNC13B; protein unc-13 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
119238643  UNC13C; protein unc-13 homolog C [KO:K15293]
119241105  UNC13A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein unc-13 homolog A [KO:K15293]
119232615  SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform X2 [KO:K18211]
119236354  CPLX2; complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
119261048  CPLX1; complexin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15294]
119243769  CPLX4; complexin-4 [KO:K15295]
119237886  CPLX3; complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
119241018  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X2 [KO:K04344]
119230884  CACNA1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
119232841  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
119249493  NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296]
119233017  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
119241287  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
119240955  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
119230510  CLTA; clathrin light chain A [KO:K04644]
119237249  CLTB; clathrin light chain B isoform X1 [KO:K04645]
119234821  CLTCL1; clathrin heavy chain 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04646]
119230599  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04646]
119249599  AP2A1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
119249828  AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
119232184  AP2B1; AP-2 complex subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11825]
119257341  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu [KO:K11826]
119249478  AP2S1; AP-2 complex subunit sigma isoform X1 [KO:K11827]
119257512  ATP6V1A; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
119233689  ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
119259051  ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
119259555  ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X3 [KO:K02148]
119238884  ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
119239204  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D isoform X1 [KO:K02149]
119259340  ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150]
119247862  ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150]
119246591  ATP6V1F; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
119234537  ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
119231854  ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
119260364  V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1-like [KO:K02152]
119253233  ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02152]
119247178  V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1-like [KO:K02152]
119235218  ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
119253360  V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1-like [KO:K02153]
119248849  ATP6V0E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 [KO:K02153]
119232871  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
119249892  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 3 [KO:K02154]
119245062  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 2 isoform X2 [KO:K02154]
119247610  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
119240096  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
119248951  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
119241379  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
119240232  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c [KO:K02155]
119235810  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit c'' [KO:K03661]
119255560  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
119250354  SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter [KO:K05035]
119260671  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
119231903  SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter [KO:K05037]
119231464  sodium-dependent serotonin transporter-like [KO:K05037]
119235170  SLC6A9; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
119255428  SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 [KO:K05038]
119243268  SLC6A7; sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040]
119255537  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
119247839  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
119247837  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X4 [KO:K05046]
119231995  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05612]
119255364  SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 [KO:K05613]
119260185  SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05614]
119241059  SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05617]
119236406  SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K05618]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
tod04144  Endocytosis
tod04724  Glutamatergic synapse
tod04725  Cholinergic synapse
tod04726  Serotonergic synapse
tod04727  GABAergic synapse
tod04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   
LinkDB

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