KEGG   PATHWAY: ray05217
Entry
ray05217                    Pathway                                
Name
Basal cell carcinoma - Rousettus aegyptiacus (Egyptian rousette)
Description
Cancer of the skin is the most common cancer in Caucasians and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) account for 90% of all skin cancers. The vast majority of BCC cases are sporadic, though there is a rare familial syndrome basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS, or Gorlin syndrome) that predisposes to development of BCC. In addition, there is strong epidemiological and genetic evidence that demonstrates UV exposure as a risk factor of prime importance. The development of basal cell carcinoma is associated with constitutive activation of sonic hedgehog signaling. The mutations in SMOH, PTCH1, and SHH in BCCs result in continuous activation of target genes. At a cellular level, sonic hedgehog signaling promotes cell proliferation. Mutations in TP53 are also found with high frequency (>50%) in sporadic BCC.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
ray05217  Basal cell carcinoma
ray05217

Disease
H00039  Basal cell carcinoma
Organism
Rousettus aegyptiacus (Egyptian rousette) [GN:ray]
Gene
107498831  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
107499083  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
107499374  PTCH2; protein patched homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11101]
107499773  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
107499803  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b isoform X2 [KO:K00182]
107500238  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
107500582  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b isoform X2 [KO:K00444]
107500880  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
107500934  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
107501496  GLI1; zinc finger protein GLI1 [KO:K16797]
107501918  GLI2; zinc finger protein GLI2 isoform X1 [KO:K16798]
107502401  GLI3; transcriptional activator GLI3 isoform X1 [KO:K06230]
107502411  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
107503411  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a [KO:K00444]
107505121  FZD8; frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
107505167  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
107505364  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 isoform X4 [KO:K00182]
107505517  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
107506131  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
107506285  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 [KO:K04490]
107506450  POLK; DNA polymerase kappa isoform X1 [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
107506797  TCF7; transcription factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K02620]
107507013  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X3 [KO:K02353]
107508108  FZD2; frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
107508172  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
107508173  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
107509513  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
107509544  BMP4; bone morphogenetic protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04662]
107509667  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
107509675  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
107510301  AXIN2; axin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04385]
107510646  DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
107510778  FZD3; frizzled-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02329]
107511497  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04492]
107511521  BMP2; bone morphogenetic protein 2 [KO:K21283]
107511534  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
107511705  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04491]
107511767  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
107511851  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
107511968  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
107512008  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
107512212  FZD6; frizzled-6 isoform X2 [KO:K02376]
107512804  SMO; smoothened homolog [KO:K06226]
107513057  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 isoform X1 [KO:K00408]
107514148  KIF7; kinesin-like protein KIF7 isoform X1 [KO:K18806]
107514289  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
107514294  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
107514682  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
107515574  SUFU; suppressor of fused homolog isoform X2 [KO:K06229]
107515689  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
107516694  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
107516780  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 isoform X1 [KO:K00445]
107517741  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
107518086  PTCH1; protein patched homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06225]
107518567  FZD4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
107518710  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a [KO:K00714]
107518868  SHH; sonic hedgehog protein isoform X3 [KO:K11988]
107519202  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 [KO:K01384]
107519374  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
107519993  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
107520147  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
107520348  [KO:K06231]
107520573  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
Compound
C00187  Cholesterol
Reference
  Authors
Tilli CM, Van Steensel MA, Krekels GA, Neumann HA, Ramaekers FC.
  Title
Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 152:1108-24 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06587.x
Reference
  Authors
Saldanha G, Fletcher A, Slater DN.
  Title
Basal cell carcinoma: a dermatopathological and molecular biological update.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 148:195-202 (2003)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05151.x
Reference
  Authors
Daya-Grosjean L, Couve-Privat S.
  Title
Sonic hedgehog signaling in basal cell carcinomas.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 225:181-92 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2004.10.003
Reference
  Authors
Tsai KY, Tsao H.
  Title
The genetics of skin cancer.
  Journal
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 131C:82-92 (2004)
DOI:10.1002/ajmg.c.30037
Reference
  Authors
Athar M, Tang X, Lee JL, Kopelovich L, Kim AL.
  Title
Hedgehog signalling in skin development and cancer.
  Journal
Exp Dermatol 15:667-77 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00473.x
Reference
  Authors
Rubin AI, Chen EH, Ratner D.
  Title
Basal-cell carcinoma.
  Journal
N Engl J Med 353:2262-9 (2005)
DOI:10.1056/NEJMra044151
Reference
  Authors
Saldanha G.
  Title
The Hedgehog signalling pathway and cancer.
  Journal
Reference
  Authors
Saldanha G, Ghura V, Potter L, Fletcher A.
  Title
Nuclear beta-catenin in basal cell carcinoma correlates with increased proliferation.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 151:157-64 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06048.x
Reference
  Authors
Pasca di Magliano M, Hebrok M.
  Title
Hedgehog signalling in cancer formation and maintenance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 3:903-11 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1229
Reference
  Authors
Reifenberger J, Wolter M, Knobbe CB, Kohler B, Schonicke A, Scharwachter C, Kumar K, Blaschke B, Ruzicka T, Reifenberger G.
  Title
Somatic mutations in the PTCH, SMOH, SUFUH and TP53 genes in sporadic basal cell carcinomas.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 152:43-51 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06353.x
Reference
  Authors
Cohen MM Jr.
  Title
The hedgehog signaling network.
  Journal
Am J Med Genet A 123:5-28 (2003)
DOI:10.1002/ajmg.a.20495
Reference
  Authors
Yamazaki F, Aragane Y, Kawada A, Tezuka T.
  Title
Immunohistochemical detection for nuclear beta-catenin in sporadic basal cell carcinoma.
  Journal
Br J Dermatol 145:771-7 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04468.x
Reference
  Authors
Erb P, Ji J, Wernli M, Kump E, Glaser A, Buchner SA.
  Title
Role of apoptosis in basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma formation.
  Journal
Immunol Lett 100:68-72 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.imlet.2005.06.008
Reference
  Authors
Toftgard R.
  Title
Hedgehog signalling in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 57:1720-31 (2000)
DOI:10.1007/PL00000654
Reference
  Authors
Wu F, Zhang Y, Sun B, McMahon AP, Wang Y
  Title
Hedgehog Signaling: From Basic Biology to Cancer Therapy.
  Journal
Cell Chem Biol 24:252-280 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.02.010
Reference
  Authors
Otsuka A, Levesque MP, Dummer R, Kabashima K
  Title
Hedgehog signaling in basal cell carcinoma.
  Journal
J Dermatol Sci 78:95-100 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.02.007
Related
pathway
ray04110  Cell cycle
ray04115  p53 signaling pathway
ray04310  Wnt signaling pathway
ray04340  Hedgehog signaling pathway
ray04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05217   

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