Entry Name Synaptic vesicle cycle - Bos taurus (cow)
Description Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class Organismal Systems; Nervous systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Bos taurus (cow) [GN:
bta ]
Gene 281641 ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152 ]
282116 VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504 ]
282148 ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146 ]
282353 SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612 ]
282354 SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K05614 ]
282363 SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter [KO:K05035 ]
282365 SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter [KO:K05037 ]
282368 SLC6A9; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform 1 [KO:K05038 ]
282410 CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849 ]
282471 SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155 ]
282648 CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
286768 ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 1 [KO:K02154 ]
287017 ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150 ]
338038 ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 2 [KO:K02154 ]
338059 ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147 ]
338075 ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153 ]
338082 ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform isoform 2 [KO:K02147 ]
338089 ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148 ]
404152 ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D isoform 1 [KO:K02149 ]
407118 SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034 ]
505224 ATP6V0E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 [KO:K02153 ]
505684 ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit c'' [KO:K03661 ]
508327 ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 [KO:K02148 ]
511839 ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146 ]
513684 TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 3 [KO:K02154 ]
514339 SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045 ]
514368 ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 [KO:K02152 ]
518407 NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296 ]
518849 SLC17A7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302 ]
518974 ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 4 [KO:K02154 ]
523673 SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K05618 ]
523784 SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 [KO:K05046 ]
526874 UNC13A; protein unc-13 homolog A isoform X5 [KO:K15293 ]
528050 SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 [KO:K05038 ]
529659 SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 [KO:K12302 ]
534114 RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X37 [KO:K15291 ]
538673 SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617 ]
539786 SLC6A7; sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040 ]
540113 ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150 ]
540853 SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 [KO:K18211 ]
541119 SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05613 ]
550622 ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c [KO:K02155 ]
613925 ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 isoform X2 [KO:K02152 ]
616071 SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044 ]
617708 SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155 ]
785833 SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636 ]
788410 SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036 ]
Compound Reference Authors Li L, Chin LS
Title The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
Journal Reference Authors Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
Title Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
Journal The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference Authors Chapman ER
Title How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
Journal Reference Authors Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
Title Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
Journal Reference Authors de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
Title Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
Journal Reference Authors Carr CM, Munson M
Title Tag team action at the synapse.
Journal Reference Authors Sudhof TC
Title The synaptic vesicle cycle.
Journal Reference Authors Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
Title Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
Journal Reference Authors Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
Title A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
Journal Reference Authors Chapman ER
Title Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
Journal Reference Authors Sudhof TC
Title The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
Journal Reference Authors Rizo J, Sudhof TC
Title Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
Journal Reference Authors Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
Title Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
Journal Related KO pathway
