Entry
Name
Quorum sensing - Azorhizobium caulinodans
Description
Quorum sensing (QS) is a regulatory system that allows bacteria to share information about cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. All QS bacteria produce and release chemical signal molecules called autoinducers (AIs) that increase in concentration as a function of cell density. The most commonly studied AIs belong to one of the following three categories: acylated homoserine lactones, also referred to as AI-1, used by Gram-negative bacteria; peptide signals, used by Gram-positive bacteria; and AI-2, used by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. QS can be divided into at least 4 steps: production of AIs by the bacterial cell; release of AIs, either actively or passively, into the surrounding environment; recognition of AIs by specific receptors; and leading to changes in gene regulation once they exceed a threshold concentration. The processes controlled by QS include virulence, competence, conjugation, antibiotic production, motility, sporulation, and biofilm formation.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - prokaryotes
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Azorhizobium caulinodans [GN:
azc ]
Gene
AZC_1992 twin-arginine translocation pathway signal precursor [KO:K02055 ]
AZC_2457 twin-arginine translocation pathway signal precursor [KO:K02055 ]
AZC_2463 twin-arginine translocation pathway signal precursor [KO:K02055 ]
AZC_3343 ABC transporter periplasmic substrate-binding protein [KO:K02055 ]
AZC_1802 ABC opine/polyamine transporter periplasmic binding protein [KO:K02055 ]
AZC_2094 ABC transport system substrate-binding exported protein [KO:K02055 ]
AZC_2461 spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter permease precursor [KO:K02053 ]
AZC_1799 ABC opine/polyamine transporter inner membrane subunit 1 [KO:K02053 ]
AZC_2095 ABC-type uncharacterized transport system permease component [KO:K02053 ]
AZC_1800 ABC opine/polyamine transporter inner membrane subunit 2 [KO:K02054 ]
AZC_1991 spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02052 ]
AZC_2460 spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02052 ]
AZC_2476 spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter ATP-binding subunit [KO:K02052 ]
AZC_0196 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport systems [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_2947 amino acid ABC transporter substrate binding protein [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_4079 putative branched-chain amino acid transport substrate-binding protein precursor [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_2338 putative ABC transport protein substrate-binding component [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_1884 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter periplasmic amino acid binding protein [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_1440 amino acid ABC transporter, periplasmic amino-acid binding protein [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_2109 branched-chain amino acid transport system substrate-binding protein [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_0477 putative ABC-transport systems periplasmic component precursor [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_2872 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport periplasmic component [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_1368 ABC transporter periplasmic substrate-binding protein [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_3210 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport periplasmic component [KO:K01999 ]
AZC_4514 putative branched-chain amino acid transport permease [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_2942 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter permease protein [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_1885 putative branched-chain amino acid transport system permease [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_2110 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter permease protein [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_1439 branched-chain amino acid uptake ABC transporter permease [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_2871 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport permease component [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_0481 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter permease protein [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_1542 putative branched-chain amino acid ABC-type transport permease component [KO:K01997 ]
AZC_2943 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter permease protein [KO:K01998 ]
AZC_2870 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport permease component [KO:K01998 ]
AZC_0480 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter permease protein [KO:K01998 ]
AZC_1438 branched-chain amino acid uptake ABC transporter permease protein [KO:K01998 ]
AZC_4515 putative ABC transporter, permease protein precursor [KO:K01998 ]
AZC_4586 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport system permease component [KO:K01998 ]
AZC_4511 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport ATPase component [KO:K01995 ]
AZC_2944 ABC-type uncharacterized transport ATPase component [KO:K01995 ]
AZC_1437 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K01995 ]
AZC_2869 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport ATPase component [KO:K01995 ]
AZC_1436 branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K01996 ]
AZC_1887 putative branched-chain amino acid transport system protein 2 [KO:K01996 ]
AZC_4512 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport ATPase component [KO:K01996 ]
AZC_2868 ABC-type branched-chain amino acid transport ATPase component [KO:K01996 ]
AZC_2913 ABC-type dipeptide transport periplasmic component [KO:K02035 ]
AZC_1223 putative binding protein component of ABC transporter [KO:K02035 ]
AZC_1511 twin-arginine translocation pathway signal precursor [KO:K02035 ]
AZC_3646 putative peptide transport system substrate-binding protein [KO:K02035 ]
AZC_0812 peptide ABC transporter periplasmic peptide-binding protein [KO:K02035 ]
AZC_3041 twin-arginine translocation pathway signal precursor [KO:K02035 ]
AZC_2697 peptide/opine/nickel uptake family ABC transporter permease [KO:K02033 ]
AZC_1870 binding-protein-dependent transport systems inner membrane component [KO:K02033 ]
AZC_1553 putative oligopeptide ABC transporter permease component [KO:K02033 ]
AZC_2652 oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter permease component protein [KO:K02034 ]
AZC_2695 oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02031 ]
AZC_2662 oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02031 ]
AZC_2653 oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02031 ]
AZC_2630 oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02031 ]
AZC_2663 oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K02032 ]
AZC_3708 ftsY; cell division transporter substrate-binding protein [KO:K03110 ]
Compound
C11837 N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone
C11841 N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)homoserine lactone
C11844 N-Heptanoylhomoserine lactone
C11845 N-(3-Hydroxy-7-cis-tetradecenoyl)homoserine lactone
C11848 2-Heptyl-3-hydroxy-quinolone
C18049 N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C18206 cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid
C20643 2-Heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone
C20677 N-(4-Coumaroyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C20959 (4S)-4-Hydroxy-5-phosphooxypentane-2,3-dione
C21195 N-(3-Hydroxybutanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C21197 N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21198 N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C21199 N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21200 N-3-Hydroxyoctanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21201 N-3-Oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
Reference
Authors
Pereira CS, Thompson JA, Xavier KB
Title
AI-2-mediated signalling in bacteria.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Verma SC, Miyashiro T
Title
Quorum sensing in the squid-Vibrio symbiosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Norsworthy AN, Visick KL
Title
Gimme shelter: how Vibrio fischeri successfully navigates an animal's multiple environments.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Papaioannou E, Utari PD, Quax WJ
Title
Choosing an appropriate infection model to study quorum sensing inhibition in Pseudomonas infections.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Heeb S, Fletcher MP, Chhabra SR, Diggle SP, Williams P, Camara M
Title
Quinolones: from antibiotics to autoinducers.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rasamiravaka T, Labtani Q, Duez P, El Jaziri M
Title
The formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review of the natural and synthetic compounds interfering with control mechanisms.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Whiteley M, Greenberg EP
Title
Promoter specificity elements in Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing-controlled genes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chin-A-Woeng TF, van den Broek D, de Voer G, van der Drift KM, Tuinman S, Thomas-Oates JE, Lugtenberg BJ, Bloemberg GV
Title
Phenazine-1-carboxamide production in the biocontrol strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 is regulated by multiple factors secreted into the growth medium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hughes DT, Clarke MB, Yamamoto K, Rasko DA, Sperandio V
Title
The QseC adrenergic signaling cascade in Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC).
Journal
Reference
Authors
Njoroge J, Sperandio V
Title
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli virulence regulation by two bacterial adrenergic kinases, QseC and QseE.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pacheco AR, Curtis MM, Ritchie JM, Munera D, Waldor MK, Moreira CG, Sperandio V
Title
Fucose sensing regulates bacterial intestinal colonization.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hirakawa H, Harwood CS, Pechter KB, Schaefer AL, Greenberg EP
Title
Antisense RNA that affects Rhodopseudomonas palustris quorum-sensing signal receptor expression.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Danino VE, Wilkinson A, Edwards A, Downie JA
Title
Recipient-induced transfer of the symbiotic plasmid pRL1JI in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae is regulated by a quorum-sensing relay.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wisniewski-Dye F, Downie JA
Title
Quorum-sensing in Rhizobium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rodelas B, Lithgow JK, Wisniewski-Dye F, Hardman A, Wilkinson A, Economou A, Williams P, Downie JA
Title
Analysis of quorum-sensing-dependent control of rhizosphere-expressed (rhi) genes in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lang J, Faure D
Title
Functions and regulation of quorum-sensing in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Planamente S, Morera S, Faure D
Title
In planta fitness-cost of the Atu4232-regulon encoding for a selective GABA-binding sensor in Agrobacterium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Barnard AM, Salmond GP
Title
Quorum sensing in Erwinia species.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Barnard AM, Bowden SD, Burr T, Coulthurst SJ, Monson RE, Salmond GP
Title
Quorum sensing, virulence and secondary metabolite production in plant soft-rotting bacteria.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Carlier A, Burbank L, von Bodman SB
Title
Identification and characterization of three novel EsaI/EsaR quorum-sensing controlled stewartan exopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes in Pantoea stewartii ssp. stewartii.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Beck von Bodman S, Farrand SK
Title
Capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis and pathogenicity in Erwinia stewartii require induction by an N-acylhomoserine lactone autoinducer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
O'Grady EP, Viteri DF, Malott RJ, Sokol PA
Title
Reciprocal regulation by the CepIR and CciIR quorum sensing systems in Burkholderia cenocepacia.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Malott RJ, Baldwin A, Mahenthiralingam E, Sokol PA
Title
Characterization of the cciIR quorum-sensing system in Burkholderia cenocepacia.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Deng Y, Schmid N, Wang C, Wang J, Pessi G, Wu D, Lee J, Aguilar C, Ahrens CH, Chang C, Song H, Eberl L, Zhang LH
Title
Cis-2-dodecenoic acid receptor RpfR links quorum-sensing signal perception with regulation of virulence through cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate turnover.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Suppiger A, Schmid N, Aguilar C, Pessi G, Eberl L
Title
Two quorum sensing systems control biofilm formation and virulence in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Deng Y, Wu J, Tao F, Zhang LH
Title
Listening to a new language: DSF-based quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ryan RP, Dow JM
Title
Communication with a growing family: diffusible signal factor (DSF) signaling in bacteria.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim J, Kim JG, Kang Y, Jang JY, Jog GJ, Lim JY, Kim S, Suga H, Nagamatsu T, Hwang I
Title
Quorum sensing and the LysR-type transcriptional activator ToxR regulate toxoflavin biosynthesis and transport in Burkholderia glumae.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim J, Kang Y, Choi O, Jeong Y, Jeong JE, Lim JY, Kim M, Moon JS, Suga H, Hwang I
Title
Regulation of polar flagellum genes is mediated by quorum sensing and FlhDC in Burkholderia glumae.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Stauff DL, Bassler BL
Title
Quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum: DNA recognition and gene regulation by the CviR receptor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chen G, Swem LR, Swem DL, Stauff DL, O'Loughlin CT, Jeffrey PD, Bassler BL, Hughson FM
Title
A strategy for antagonizing quorum sensing.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hao G, Burr TJ
Title
Regulation of long-chain N-acyl-homoserine lactones in Agrobacterium vitis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Savka MA, Le PT, Burr TJ
Title
LasR receptor for detection of long-chain quorum-sensing signals: identification of N-acyl-homoserine lactones encoded by the avsI locus of Agrobacterium vitis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le KY, Otto M
Title
Quorum-sensing regulation in staphylococci-an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Queck SY, Jameson-Lee M, Villaruz AE, Bach TH, Khan BA, Sturdevant DE, Ricklefs SM, Li M, Otto M
Title
RNAIII-independent target gene control by the agr quorum-sensing system: insight into the evolution of virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Darkoh C, DuPont HL, Norris SJ, Kaplan HB
Title
Toxin synthesis by Clostridium difficile is regulated through quorum signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Vidal JE, Shak JR, Canizalez-Roman A
Title
The CpAL quorum sensing system regulates production of hemolysins CPA and PFO to build Clostridium perfringens biofilms.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohtani K, Yuan Y, Hassan S, Wang R, Wang Y, Shimizu T
Title
Virulence gene regulation by the agr system in Clostridium perfringens.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Li YH, Tian X
Title
Quorum sensing and bacterial social interactions in biofilms.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Berg KH, Biornstad TJ, Johnsborg O, Havarstein LS
Title
Properties and biological role of streptococcal fratricins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Conrads G, de Soet JJ, Song L, Henne K, Sztajer H, Wagner-Dobler I, Zeng AP
Title
Comparing the cariogenic species Streptococcus sobrinus and S. mutans on whole genome level.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jimenez JC, Federle MJ
Title
Quorum sensing in group A Streptococcus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cook LC, Federle MJ
Title
Peptide pheromone signaling in Streptococcus and Enterococcus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Podbielski A, Leonard BA
Title
The group A streptococcal dipeptide permease (Dpp) is involved in the uptake of essential amino acids and affects the expression of cysteine protease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Podbielski A, Pohl B, Woischnik M, Korner C, Schmidt KH, Rozdzinski E, Leonard BA
Title
Molecular characterization of group A streptococcal (GAS) oligopeptide permease (opp) and its effect on cysteine protease production.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Anbalagan S, Dmitriev A, McShan WM, Dunman PM, Chaussee MS
Title
Growth phase-dependent modulation of Rgg binding specificity in Streptococcus pyogenes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Clewell DB
Title
Tales of conjugation and sex pheromones: A plasmid and enterococcal odyssey.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wardal E, Sadowy E, Hryniewicz W
Title
Complex nature of enterococcal pheromone-responsive plasmids.
Journal
Pol J Microbiol 59:79-87 (2010)
Reference
Authors
Roux A, Payne SM, Gilmore MS
Title
Microbial telesensing: probing the environment for friends, foes, and food.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Slamti L, Perchat S, Huillet E, Lereclus D
Title
Quorum sensing in Bacillus thuringiensis is required for completion of a full infectious cycle in the insect.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lopez D, Kolter R
Title
Extracellular signals that define distinct and coexisting cell fates in Bacillus subtilis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Stephenson S, Mueller C, Jiang M, Perego M
Title
Molecular analysis of Phr peptide processing in Bacillus subtilis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lanigan-Gerdes S, Dooley AN, Faull KF, Lazazzera BA
Title
Identification of subtilisin, Epr and Vpr as enzymes that produce CSF, an extracellular signalling peptide of Bacillus subtilis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kleerebezem M
Title
Quorum sensing control of lantibiotic production; nisin and subtilin autoregulate their own biosynthesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rutherford ST, Bassler BL
Title
Bacterial quorum sensing: its role in virulence and possibilities for its control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
LaSarre B, Federle MJ
Title
Exploiting quorum sensing to confuse bacterial pathogens.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sifri CD
Title
Healthcare epidemiology: quorum sensing: bacteria talk sense.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
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