KEGG   PATHWAY: mun05012
Entry
mun05012                    Pathway                                
Name
Parkinson disease - Meriones unguiculatus (Mongolian gerbil)
Description
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Both environmental factors and mutations in familial PD-linked genes such as SNCA, Parkin, DJ-1, PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with PD pathogenesis. These pathogenic mutations and environmental factors are known to cause disease due to oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis impairment, mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered protein handling compromising key roles of DA neuronal function and survival. The demise of DA neurons located in the SNc leads to a drop in the dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is hypothesized to impede movement by inducing hypo and hyper activity in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways in the basal ganglia, respectively.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
mun05012  Parkinson disease
mun05012

Organism
Meriones unguiculatus (Mongolian gerbil) [GN:mun]
Gene
110553862  Adora2a; adenosine receptor A2a [KO:K04266]
110562438  Gnal; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633]
110563608  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55-like [KO:K04632]
110546462  Drd2; D(2) dopamine receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04145]
110539607  Gnai1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
110545517  Gnai3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
110564775  Gnai2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
110547229  Adcy5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
110545842  Prkaca; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
110555016  Prkacb; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
110554059  Drd1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
110540421  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
110539393  Uba1; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
132651891  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
132651912  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
132651914  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
132651915  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
132651916  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
132651917  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 Y [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
110564958  Uba7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 7 isoform X2 [KO:K10698] [EC:6.2.1.45]
110543957  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-like [KO:K02927]
110549162  Uba52; ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eL40 fusion protein [KO:K02927]
110548403  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eL40 fusion protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K02927]
110557352  Rps27a; ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein [KO:K02977]
110561701  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
110556561  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
110558357  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
132649061  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein [KO:K02977]
110540431  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
110541492  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
110548502  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
110559206  Ube2l3; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 isoform X1 [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
110559915  ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3-like [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
132657109  ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3-like [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
110551968  Ube2l6; ubiquitin/ISG15-conjugating enzyme E2 L6 isoform X3 [KO:K04553] [EC:2.3.2.23]
110560202  Ube2j2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J2 isoform X1 [KO:K04554] [EC:2.3.2.23]
110547369  Ube2j1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J1 isoform X1 [KO:K10578] [EC:2.3.2.23]
110545083  Ube2g2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G2 [KO:K04555] [EC:2.3.2.23]
110554861  Prkn; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin isoform X1 [KO:K04556] [EC:2.3.2.31]
110562566  Snca; alpha-synuclein [KO:K04528]
110559922  Gpr37; prosaposin receptor GPR37 [KO:K04243]
110553336  Septin5; septin-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04557]
110560985  Sncaip; synphilin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04558]
110562402  Psma6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110559462  Psma2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110564795  proteasome subunit alpha type-2-like [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110552005  Psma4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110554020  Psma7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110550211  Psma8; proteasome subunit alpha-type 8 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110545536  Psma5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110556049  Psma1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110551820  Psma3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110557331  Psmb6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110546498  Psmb7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110554283  Psmb3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110550164  proteasome subunit beta type-3-like [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110557901  Psmb2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110550054  Psmb5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110561128  Psmb1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110555082  Psmb4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
110554806  Psmc2; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03061]
110560664  Psmc1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03062]
110563272  Psmc4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
110552217  Psmc6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B [KO:K03064]
110550750  Psmc3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A isoform X1 [KO:K03065]
110547029  Psmc5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 isoform X1 [KO:K03066]
110549381  Psmd2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028]
110556119  Psmd1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
110558494  Psmd3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033]
110545336  Psmd9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 [KO:K06693]
110550666  Psmd12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035]
110545092  Psmd11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 [KO:K03036]
110557703  Psmd6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K03037]
110546186  Psmd7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
110553898  Psmd13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039]
110555092  Psmd4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K03029]
110539381  Psmd14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 isoform X1 [KO:K03030]
110552552  Psmd8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
110554017  Adrm1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 [KO:K06691]
110549271  Sem1; 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1 [KO:K10881]
110547740  Uchl1; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 [KO:K05611] [EC:3.4.19.12]
110561484  Calm1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
110562918  Calm2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
110552646  Calm3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
110550527  Calml4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
110560701  Calml3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
110560702  calmodulin-4-like [KO:K02183]
110565513  Camk2d; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
110546095  Camk2b; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X8 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
110546686  Camk2a; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
110551996  Camk2g; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
110545637  Mapt; microtubule-associated protein tau isoform X11 [KO:K04380]
110555488  Ryr3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
110552142  Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
110558908  Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
110543748  Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
110552794  Plcg1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
110563757  Hspa5; endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP [KO:K09490] [EC:3.6.4.10]
110554441  Atf6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha [KO:K09054]
110561450  Ddit3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
110547039  Ern1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
110546119  Xbp1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
110561216  Eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110557056  Eif2s1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
110564629  Atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
110547270  Th; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
110540491  Maoa; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
110541536  Maob; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
110545376  Slc6a3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
110552258  Slc18a2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
110557633  Slc18a1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155]
110561547  Slc11a2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21398]
110554251  Slc39a1; zinc transporter ZIP1 [KO:K14709]
110555585  Slc39a3; zinc transporter ZIP3 [KO:K14709]
110557732  Slc39a2; zinc transporter ZIP2 isoform X1 [KO:K14709]
110562354  Slc39a4; zinc transporter ZIP4 [KO:K14710]
110559402  Slc39a5; zinc transporter ZIP5 [KO:K14711]
110555796  Slc39a6; zinc transporter ZIP6 [KO:K14712]
110543407  Slc39a7; zinc transporter SLC39A7 [KO:K14713]
110562611  Slc39a8; metal cation symporter ZIP8 [KO:K14714]
110546597  Slc39a9; zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1 [KO:K14715]
110563513  Slc39a10; zinc transporter ZIP10 [KO:K14716]
110547418  Slc39a11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X1 [KO:K14717]
110550753  Slc39a13; zinc transporter ZIP13 isoform X1 [KO:K14719]
110551664  Slc39a14; metal cation symporter ZIP14 isoform X1 [KO:K14720]
18129817  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18129806  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18129811  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18129813  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18129812  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18129814  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18129815  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110547204  Ndufv1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110544152  Ndufv2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110554348  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K03944]
110553314  Ndufv3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03944]
110563820  Ndufa1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
110548267  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945]
110560771  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945]
110557374  Ndufa2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
110556000  Ndufa3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
110566751  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
132649951  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3-like [KO:K03947]
110565792  Ndufa4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
110561559  Ndufa4l2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
110549558  Ndufa5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
110542118  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5-like [KO:K03949]
110554107  Ndufa6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
110558125  Ndufa7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K03951]
110541122  Ndufa8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
110545555  Ndufa9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953]
110545748  Ndufa10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954]
110550637  Ndufab1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
110554838  acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K03955]
110546256  Ndufa11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
110554924  Ndufa12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
110549185  Ndufa13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
110556444  Ndufb1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03957]
132646281  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03957]
132646755  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03957]
132652734  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03957]
110545792  Ndufb2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
110557661  Ndufb3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
110565338  Ndufb4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
110556258  Ndufb5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961]
110561664  Ndufb6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962]
110545805  Ndufb7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
110556042  Ndufb8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03964]
110552437  Ndufb9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K03965]
110553035  Ndufb10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
110539398  Ndufb11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
110555344  Ndufs1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110554424  Ndufs2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110550736  Ndufs3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110565491  Ndufs4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937]
110563867  Ndufs5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
110545374  Ndufs6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03939]
110559628  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
110551378  Ndufs7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110547122  Ndufs8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
110545137  Ndufc1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
110547304  Ndufc2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
110545371  Sdha; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
110542105  Sdhb; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
110565511  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
110554447  Sdhc; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236]
110562010  Sdhd; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00237]
110558163  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
18129816  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
110562123  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
110565565  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
110547840  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
110563073  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
110541587  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K00417]
110566245  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7-like [KO:K00417]
110548775  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
110561759  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8-like [KO:K00418]
110546118  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
110551313  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
132652984  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10-like [KO:K00420]
18129810  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
18129805  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
18129807  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
110551144  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
110550097  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
110558544  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
110545438  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
110544616  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02265]
110553739  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
110551006  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
110561068  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
110549789  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
110563852  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-2 isoform X2 [KO:K02268]
110551767  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
110555467  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
110562708  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02270]
110541909  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
110541746  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
110565114  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
132647959  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02271]
110543482  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02271]
110540133  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
110553885  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02273]
110546301  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02273]
110551609  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
110562020  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
110553531  Atp5f1a; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K02132]
110548986  Atp5f1b; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
110545613  Atp5f1c; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136]
110551379  Atp5f1d; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
110556817  Atp5f1e; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
18129809  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
110562102  Atp5pb; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
110556580  Atp5mc3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
110553412  Atp5mc1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
110552332  Atp5mc2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
110539874  ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02128]
110559331  ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02128]
110547691  Atp5pd; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
110542169  Atp5po; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
110565199  Atp5pf; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
18129808  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
110544995  Pink1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110557989  Mcu; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K20858]
110541861  Lrrk2; leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08844] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110541049  Htra2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
110545950  Trap1; heat shock protein 75 kDa, mitochondrial [KO:K09488]
110549632  Vdac1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
110548867  Vdac2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
110556618  Vdac3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 [KO:K15041]
110556812  Slc25a4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
110566446  Slc25a5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
110566972  Slc25a31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
110565488  Ppif; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
110545164  cytochrome c, somatic [KO:K08738]
110555979  cytochrome c, testis-specific [KO:K08738]
110563439  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, testis-specific-like [KO:K08738]
110559601  cytochrome c, somatic-like [KO:K08738]
110549868  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, somatic-like [KO:K08738]
110552819  cytochrome c, somatic-like [KO:K08738]
110541243  Apaf1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
110545060  Casp9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
132653623  Casp3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
110560422  Park7; Parkinson disease protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
110550083  Bcl2l1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
110560658  Bax; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
110556261  Mfn1; mitofusin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K21356] [EC:3.6.5.-]
110555747  Mfn2; mitofusin-2 isoform X2 [KO:K06030] [EC:3.6.5.-]
110541972  Kif5b; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
110558877  Kif5c; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
110561398  Kif5a; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
110550346  Klc4; kinesin light chain 4 [KO:K10407]
110556479  Klc2; kinesin light chain 2 [KO:K10407]
110551505  Klc3; kinesin light chain 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
110560172  Klc1; kinesin light chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
110547396  tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
110547423  tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
110566956  tubulin alpha-4A chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
110560703  Tubal3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
110546048  Tuba8; tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
110548597  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
132654295  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
132655748  tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
110557133  Tubb; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
110540436  Tubb6; tubulin beta-6 chain [KO:K07375]
110545240  Tubb3; tubulin beta-3 chain [KO:K07375]
110556819  Tubb1; tubulin beta-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
110546263  Tubb4a; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
110557020  Tubb4b; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
110540284  tubulin beta-2B chain [KO:K07375]
110544926  Tubb2a; tubulin beta-2A chain [KO:K07375]
110555127  Tp53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
110547818  Dusp1; dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K21278] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
110562029  Nfe2l2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05638]
110541283  Txn; thioredoxin [KO:K03671]
110548461  Txn2; thioredoxin, mitochondrial [KO:K03671]
110544110  Daxx; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X2 [KO:K02308]
110554628  Map3k5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
110552285  Mapk8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110557386  Mapk9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110562875  Mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
110546715  superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]-like [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
110563717  Sod1; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
110540936  superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]-like [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
110555771  Keap1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 [KO:K10456]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00007  Oxygen
C00008  ADP
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00013  Diphosphate
C00020  AMP
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00034  Manganese
C00076  Calcium cation
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00212  Adenosine
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C03758  Dopamine
C04043  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
C04599  1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C07593  Rotenone
C11310  1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
C14701  Paraquat
C15231  Maneb
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C17755  Dopamine quinone
C22381  Reactive oxygen species
Reference
PMID:16495942
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Abou-Sleiman PM, Muqit MM, Wood NW
  Title
Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 7:207-19 (2006)
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Reference
PMID:12938733
  Authors
Lim KL, Lim TM
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease: clues from Mendelian syndromes.
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IUBMB Life 55:315-22 (2003)
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Reference
PMID:26501339
  Authors
Bobela W, Aebischer P, Schneider BL
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Alphalpha-Synuclein as a Mediator in the Interplay between Aging and Parkinson's Disease.
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Biomolecules 5:2675-700 (2015)
DOI:10.3390/biom5042675
Reference
PMID:15767499
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Eriksen JL, Wszolek Z, Petrucelli L
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Molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.
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Arch Neurol 62:353-7 (2005)
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Reference
PMID:16972273
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Olanow CW, McNaught KS
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Ubiquitin-proteasome system and Parkinson's disease.
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Mov Disord 21:1806-23 (2006)
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Reference
PMID:18047737
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Lim KL, Tan JM
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Role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in Parkinson's disease.
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BMC Biochem 8 Suppl 1:S13 (2007)
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Reference
PMID:29090092
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Maiti P, Manna J, Dunbar GL
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Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Parkinson's disease: Targets for potential treatments.
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Transl Neurodegener 6:28 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:12814656
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Dev KK, van der Putten H, Sommer B, Rovelli G
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Part I: parkin-associated proteins and Parkinson's disease.
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Neuropharmacology 45:1-13 (2003)
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Reference
PMID:20495568
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Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Goetz CG, Marin C, Kordower JH, Rodriguez M, Hirsch EC, Farrer M, Schapira AH, Halliday G
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Missing pieces in the Parkinson's disease puzzle.
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Nat Med 16:653-61 (2010)
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Reference
PMID:24781149
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Cali T, Ottolini D, Brini M
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Calcium signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Cell Tissue Res 357:439-54 (2014)
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Reference
PMID:19230774
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Bezprozvanny I
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Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Trends Mol Med 15:89-100 (2009)
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Reference
PMID:28468938
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Zaichick SV, McGrath KM, Caraveo G
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The role of Ca(2+) signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Dis Model Mech 10:519-535 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:28838811
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Ludtmann MHR, Abramov AY
  Title
Mitochondrial calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease.
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Neurosci Lett 663:86-90 (2018)
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Reference
PMID:19663908
  Authors
Sandebring A, Dehvari N, Perez-Manso M, Thomas KJ, Karpilovski E, Cookson MR, Cowburn RF, Cedazo-Minguez A
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Parkin deficiency disrupts calcium homeostasis by modulating phospholipase C signalling.
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FEBS J 276:5041-52 (2009)
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Reference
PMID:23352769
  Authors
Mercado G, Valdes P, Hetz C
  Title
An ERcentric view of Parkinson's disease.
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Trends Mol Med 19:165-75 (2013)
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Reference
PMID:27103567
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Mercado G, Castillo V, Soto P, Sidhu A
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ER stress and Parkinson's disease: Pathological inputs that converge into the secretory pathway.
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Brain Res 1648:626-632 (2016)
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Reference
PMID:26297973
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Tsujii S, Ishisaka M, Hara H
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Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in Parkinson's disease.
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Eur J Pharmacol 765:154-6 (2015)
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Reference
PMID:31100053
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Shah A, Chao J, Legido-Quigley C, Chang RC
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Oxyresveratrol exerts ATF4- and Grp78-mediated neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental Parkinson's disease.
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Nutr Neurosci 1-16 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:24548101
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Segura-Aguilar J, Paris I, Munoz P, Ferrari E, Zecca L, Zucca FA
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Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease.
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J Neurochem 129:898-915 (2014)
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Reference
PMID:31587020
  Authors
Jesko H, Lenkiewicz AM, Wilkaniec A, Adamczyk A
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The interplay between parkin and alpha-synuclein; possible implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 79:276-289 (2019)
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PMID:15189334
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Perez RG, Hastings TG
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Could a loss of alpha-synuclein function put dopaminergic neurons at risk?
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J Neurochem 89:1318-24 (2004)
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Reference
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Segura-Aguilar J
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A new mechanism for protection of dopaminergic neurons mediated by astrocytes.
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Neural Regen Res 10:1225-7 (2015)
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Reference
PMID:27546335
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Bose A, Beal MF
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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J Neurochem 139 Suppl 1:216-231 (2016)
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Reference
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Emerging (and converging) pathways in Parkinson's disease: keeping mitochondrial wellness.
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun 483:1020-1030 (2017)
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Melatoninergic System in Parkinson's Disease: From Neuroprotection to the Management of Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms.
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Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016:3472032 (2016)
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Mitochondria, calcium, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in Parkinson's disease.
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Oxidative stress-induced signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Neuromolecular Med 16:217-30 (2014)
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PMID:25761946
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The Parkinson Disease Mitochondrial Hypothesis: Where Are We at?
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Neuroscientist 22:266-77 (2016)
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Reference
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Mitophagy and Parkinson's disease: be eaten to stay healthy.
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Mol Cell Neurosci 55:37-43 (2013)
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Reference
PMID:20736035
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Deas E, Wood NW, Plun-Favreau H
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Mitophagy and Parkinson's disease: the PINK1-parkin link.
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Biochim Biophys Acta 1813:623-33 (2011)
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The roles of PINK1, parkin, and mitochondrial fidelity in Parkinson's disease.
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Neuron 85:257-73 (2015)
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Reference
PMID:27911343
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Truban D, Hou X, Caulfield TR, Fiesel FC, Springer W
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PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Quality Control: What can we Learn about Parkinson's Disease Pathobiology?
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J Parkinsons Dis 7:13-29 (2017)
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PMID:28823929
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Biosa A, Sandrelli F, Beltramini M, Greggio E, Bubacco L, Bisaglia M
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Recent findings on the physiological function of DJ-1: Beyond Parkinson's disease.
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Neurobiol Dis 108:65-72 (2017)
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Reference
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Oh SE, Mouradian MM
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Regulation of Signal Transduction by DJ-1.
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Adv Exp Med Biol 1037:97-131 (2017)
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Reference
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Role of DJ-1 in the mechanism of pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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J Bioenerg Biomembr 51:175-188 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:30370500
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Melo TQ, Copray SJCVM, Ferrari MFR
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Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity on Protein Quality Control, Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum.
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Neurochem Res 43:2212-2223 (2018)
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Reference
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Dopaminergic modulation of striatal function and Parkinson's disease.
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J Neural Transm (Vienna) 126:411-422 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:29720658
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Parker JG, Marshall JD, Ahanonu B, Wu YW, Kim TH, Grewe BF, Zhang Y, Li JZ, Ding JB, Ehlers MD, Schnitzer MJ
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Diametric neural ensemble dynamics in parkinsonian and dyskinetic states.
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Nature 557:177-182 (2018)
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Related
pathway
mun00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
mun00350  Tyrosine metabolism
mun03050  Proteasome
mun04020  Calcium signaling pathway
mun04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
mun04137  Mitophagy - animal
mun04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
mun04210  Apoptosis
mun04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko05012   
LinkDB

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