Entry
Name
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Pteropus alecto (black flying fox)
Description
The phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and survival. The binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) stimulates class Ia and Ib PI3K isoforms, respectively. PI3K catalyzes the production of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) at the cell membrane. PIP3 in turn serves as a second messenger that helps to activate Akt. Once active, Akt can control key cellular processes by phosphorylating substrates involved in apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism, and cell cycle.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Pteropus alecto (black flying fox) [GN:
pale ]
Gene
102897699 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
102894339 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K05453 ]
102881080 FLT3LG; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K05454 ]
102890394 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X2 [KO:K05448 ]
102883167 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X2 [KO:K05452 ]
102882941 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
102878822 GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364 ]
102897644 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
102882020 CSF3; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor isoform X1 [KO:K05423 ]
102884525 OSMR; oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05057 ]
102882815 IL4R; interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05071 ]
102897878 CSF3R; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05061 ]
102878069 COL1A2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-2(I) chain [KO:K06236 ]
102879139 COL4A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-3(IV) chain [KO:K06237 ]
102898331 COL4A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(IV) chain [KO:K06237 ]
102881673 COL6A2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-2(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
102896988 COL6A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
102881112 COL6A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-3(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
102889227 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102880320 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102889576 PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102879163 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
102891637 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X3 [KO:K02649 ]
102879453 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
102883771 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
102882744 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
102893506 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
102890410 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
102881664 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
102886028 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
102888735 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
102889599 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
102879439 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
102886041 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
112479655 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04544 ]
107196679 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
102898925 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
102886682 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
102877921 GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
102892764 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 isoform X6 [KO:K04547 ]
102898674 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
102881686 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
102884972 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102878262 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
102878019 PIK3R6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K21290 ]
102879416 MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266 ]
102885334 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
102881655 EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
102894970 EIF4E2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 [KO:K03259 ]
102898723 EIF4E1B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B [KO:K03259 ]
102890117 EIF4B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B isoform X5 [KO:K03258 ]
102880778 MAGI1; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 isoform X8 [KO:K05631 ]
102885289 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
102894487 PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform [KO:K03456 ]
102888699 PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456 ]
102888692 PPP2R2B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
102882824 PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
102892945 PPP2R2C; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma [KO:K04354 ]
102896806 PPP2R3B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
102891533 PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma [KO:K11583 ]
102884648 PPP2R3A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
102879054 PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
102897902 PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
102895399 PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
102881266 PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
102898938 PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
102879203 CRTC2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333 ]
102883204 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
102877892 BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X1 [KO:K02158 ]
102888198 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
102889014 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
102896553 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
102878515 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048 ]
102894633 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
102882888 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
102886510 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
102879289 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
102884583 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
102898128 ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X3 [KO:K09049 ]
102884014 MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539 ]
102880692 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Engelman JA, Luo J, Cantley LC
Title
The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Song G, Ouyang G, Bao S
Title
The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hers I, Vincent EE, Tavare JM
Title
Akt signalling in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Duronio V
Title
The life of a cell: apoptosis regulation by the PI3K/PKB pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim D, Chung J.
Title
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koyasu S
Title
The role of PI3K in immune cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B.
Title
PI3K in lymphocyte development, differentiation and activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Richardson CJ, Schalm SS, Blenis J
Title
PI3-kinase and TOR: PIKTORing cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Georgescu MM
Title
PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
West KA, Castillo SS, Dennis PA
Title
Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wymann MP, Pirola L
Title
Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moelling K, Schad K, Bosse M, Zimmermann S, Schweneker M
Title
Regulation of Raf-Akt Cross-talk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kikani CK, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
"New"-clear functions of PDK1: beyond a master kinase in the cytosol?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Blume-Jensen P, Hunter T
Title
Oncogenic kinase signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Osaki M, Oshimura M, Ito H
Title
PI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noguchi M, Ropars V, Roumestand C, Suizu F
Title
Proto-oncogene TCL1: more than just a coactivator for Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Related pathway
pale04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
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