Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by amenorrhea before the age of 40 years with elevated levels of gonadotrophin (LH and FSH) and low levels of gonadal hormones (estrogens and inhibins). The causes of POF can be categorized into genetic and environmental mechanisms. X chromosome defects such as Turner syndrome or trisomy X as well as many genes including BMP15 andFMR1 are associated with POF development. For the environmental causes, medical intervention including surgeries and chemotherapies may lead to POF. Autoimmune ovarian failure consists another large category of POF.
Bione S, Sala C, Manzini C, Arrigo G, Zuffardi O, Banfi S, Borsani G, Jonveaux P, Philippe C, Zuccotti M, Ballabio A, Toniolo D
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A human homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster diaphanous gene is disrupted in a patient with premature ovarian failure: evidence for conserved function in oogenesis and implications for human sterility.
Di Pasquale E, Rossetti R, Marozzi A, Bodega B, Borgato S, Cavallo L, Einaudi S, Radetti G, Russo G, Sacco M, Wasniewska M, Cole T, Beck-Peccoz P, Nelson LM, Persani L
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Identification of new variants of human BMP15 gene in a large cohort of women with premature ovarian failure.
Lourenco D, Brauner R, Lin L, De Perdigo A, Weryha G, Muresan M, Boudjenah R, Guerra-Junior G, Maciel-Guerra AT, Achermann JC, McElreavey K, Bashamboo A
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Mutations in NR5A1 associated with ovarian insufficiency.
Caburet S, Arboleda VA, Llano E, Overbeek PA, Barbero JL, Oka K, Harrison W, Vaiman D, Ben-Neriah Z, Garcia-Tunon I, Fellous M, Pendas AM, Veitia RA, Vilain E
Franca MM, Funari MFA, Nishi MY, Narcizo AM, Domenice S, Costa EMF, Lerario AM, Mendonca BB
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Identification of the first homozygous 1-bp deletion in GDF9 gene leading to primary ovarian insufficiency by using targeted massively parallel sequencing.
Zhang D, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Lv P, Liu Y, Li J, Wu Y, Zhang R, Huang Y, Xu G, Qian Y, Qian Y, Chen S, Xu C, Shen J, Zhu L, Chen K, Zhu B, Ye X, Mao Y, Bo X, Zhou C, Wang T, Chen D, Yang W, Tan Y, Song Y, Zhou D, Sheng J, Gao H, Zhu Y, Li M, Wu L, He L, Huang H
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Basonuclin 1 deficiency is a cause of primary ovarian insufficiency.
Fan S, Jiao Y, Khan R, Jiang X, Javed AR, Ali A, Zhang H, Zhou J, Naeem M, Murtaza G, Li Y, Yang G, Zaman Q, Zubair M, Guan H, Zhang X, Ma H, Jiang H, Ali H, Dil S, Shah W, Ahmad N, Zhang Y, Shi Q
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Homozygous mutations in C14orf39/SIX6OS1 cause non-obstructive azoospermia and premature ovarian insufficiency in humans.
Wu H, Zhang X, Hua R, Li Y, Cheng L, Li K, Liu Y, Gao Y, Shen Q, Wang G, Lv M, Xu Y, He X, Cao Y, Liu M
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Homozygous missense mutation in CCDC155 disrupts the transmembrane distribution of CCDC155 and SUN1, resulting in non-obstructive azoospermia and premature ovarian insufficiency in humans.
Caburet S, Todeschini AL, Petrillo C, Martini E, Farran ND, Legois B, Livera G, Younis JS, Shalev S, Veitia RA
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A truncating MEIOB mutation responsible for familial primary ovarian insufficiency abolishes its interaction with its partner SPATA22 and their recruitment to DNA double-strand breaks.
Tang S, Guo T, Song C, Wang L, Zhang J, Rajkovic A, Lin X, Chen S, Liu Y, Tian W, Wu B, Wang S, Wang W, Lai Y, Wang A, Xu S, Jin L, Ke H, Zhao S, Li Y, Qin Y, Zhang F, Chen ZJ
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MGA loss-of-function variants cause premature ovarian insufficiency.
