KEGG   PATHWAY: lve04721
Entry
lve04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Lipotes vexillifer (Yangtze River dolphin)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
lve04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
lve04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Lipotes vexillifer (Yangtze River dolphin) [GN:lve]
Gene
103068318  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
103068412  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 3 [KO:K02154]
103068548  UNC13C; protein unc-13 homolog C [KO:K15293]
103068715  SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 [KO:K05038]
103068959  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
103069407  SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 [KO:K05613]
103070339  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D isoform X1 [KO:K02149]
103070491  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
103070590  [KO:K11825]
103070744  SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 [KO:K12302]
103070798  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 [KO:K04646]
103070925  SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter [KO:K05035]
103071117  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
103071929  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
103072201  SLC6A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
103072520  CPLX3; complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
103072915  SYT1; synaptotagmin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15290]
103073171  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 4 [KO:K02154]
103073411  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
103074090  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
103074159  AP2A1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
103074540  ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
103074769  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
103074880  [KO:K02153]
103074907  CLTB; clathrin light chain B isoform X1 [KO:K04645]
103075046  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
103075215  ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
103075248  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 [KO:K05046]
103076568  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
103076601  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 2 [KO:K02154]
103078014  [KO:K15293]
103078240  STX1A; syntaxin-1A [KO:K04560]
103078506  CPLX2; complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
103078832  STX1B; syntaxin-1B isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
103079179  ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
103079899  SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
103081150  UNC13A; protein unc-13 homolog A [KO:K15293]
103081809  AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
103081818  SLC6A7; sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040]
103082075  NSF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
103082201  STXBP1; syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15292]
103082314  STX2; syntaxin-2 [KO:K08486]
103082380  ATP6V1A; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
103082482  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
103082588  STX3; syntaxin-3 [KO:K08486]
103082589  UNC13B; protein unc-13 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
103082908  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu isoform X1 [KO:K11826]
103083130  ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02148]
103083384  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
103083394  SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K05618]
103083548  CPLX4; complexin-4 [KO:K15295]
103084055  ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02152]
103084206  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155]
103084496  ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform isoform X1 [KO:K02147]
103084876  RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K15291]
103084988  RAB3A; ras-related protein Rab-3A [KO:K07882]
103085259  ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150]
103085432  NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296]
103085442  SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617]
103085901  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484]
103086315  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit isoform X1 [KO:K03661]
103086516  ATP6V1F; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
103087246  SLC6A9; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
103087392  ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02148]
103087626  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
103088078  ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02150]
103088910  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
103089161  ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
103089272  AP2S1; AP-2 complex subunit sigma isoform X1 [KO:K11827]
103089339  SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter [KO:K05037]
103089984  SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
103090124  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
103090139  CLTA; clathrin light chain A isoform X1 [KO:K04644]
103090275  SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform X1 [KO:K18211]
103090329  SLC17A7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
103090357  CPLX1; complexin-1 [KO:K15294]
103090618  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
103091085  ATP6V0E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 [KO:K02153]
103091502  SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05614]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
lve04144  Endocytosis
lve04724  Glutamatergic synapse
lve04725  Cholinergic synapse
lve04726  Serotonergic synapse
lve04727  GABAergic synapse
lve04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   

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