KEGG   PATHWAY: btc02024
Entry
btc02024                    Pathway                                
Name
Quorum sensing - Bacillus thuringiensis serovar chinensis CT-43
Description
Quorum sensing (QS) is a regulatory system that allows bacteria to share information about cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. All QS bacteria produce and release chemical signal molecules called autoinducers (AIs) that increase in concentration as a function of cell density. The most commonly studied AIs belong to one of the following three categories: acylated homoserine lactones, also referred to as AI-1, used by Gram-negative bacteria; peptide signals, used by Gram-positive bacteria; and AI-2, used by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. QS can be divided into at least 4 steps: production of AIs by the bacterial cell; release of AIs, either actively or passively, into the surrounding environment; recognition of AIs by specific receptors; and leading to changes in gene regulation once they exceed a threshold concentration. The processes controlled by QS include virulence, competence, conjugation, antibiotic production, motility, sporulation, and biofilm formation.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - prokaryotes
Pathway map
btc02024  Quorum sensing
btc02024

Other DBs
GO: 0009372
Organism
Bacillus thuringiensis serovar chinensis CT-43 [GN:btc]
Gene
CT43_CH4822  luxS; S-ribosylhomocysteinase [KO:K07173] [EC:4.4.1.21]
CT43_P72059  Hfq protein [KO:K03666]
CT43_CH3652  hfq; RNA-binding protein Hfq [KO:K03666]
CT43_CH1554  hfq1; Hfq protein [KO:K03666]
CT43_P83053  RNA chaperone Hfq [KO:K03666]
CT43_CH1170  trpE; anthranilate synthase component I [KO:K01657] [EC:4.1.3.27]
CT43_CH1171  anthranilate synthase component II [KO:K01658] [EC:4.1.3.27]
CT43_CH2961  sugar-binding protein [KO:K10555]
CT43_CH2963  sugar transport system permease protein [KO:K10556]
CT43_CH2962  sugar transport system permease protein [KO:K10557]
CT43_CH2964  sugar transport ATP-binding protein [KO:K10558]
CT43_CH2966  autoinducer-2 (AI-2) kinase [KO:K11216] [EC:2.7.1.189]
CT43_CH2965  deoxyribonucleoside regulator [KO:K11531]
CT43_CH2968  aldolase [KO:K08321] [EC:2.3.1.245]
CT43_CH1879  leucine-, isoleucine-, valine-,threonine-, and alanine-binding protein [KO:K01999]
CT43_CH1882  branched chain amino acid ABC transporter permease [KO:K01997]
CT43_CH1883  branched chain amino acid ABC transporter permease [KO:K01998]
CT43_CH1880  branched chain amino acid ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K01995]
CT43_CH1881  branched chain amino acid ABC transporter ATP-binding protein [KO:K01996]
CT43_CH3389  N-acyl homoserine lactone hydrolase [KO:K13075] [EC:3.1.1.81]
CT43_CH1040  acyl-CoA synthetase [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
CT43_CH4545  fadD; acyl-CoA synthase [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
CT43_CH3316  GTP cyclohydrolase II [KO:K01497] [EC:3.5.4.25]
CT43_CH3315  ribD; diaminohydroxyphosphoribosylaminopyrimidine deaminase [KO:K11752] [EC:3.5.4.26 1.1.1.193]
CT43_CH4117  ribD; diaminohydroxyphosphoribosylaminopyrimidine deaminase [KO:K11752] [EC:3.5.4.26 1.1.1.193]
CT43_CH2295  hypothetical protein [KO:K09936]
CT43_CH2297  hypothetical protein [KO:K09936]
CT43_CH3386  hypothetical protein [KO:K09936]
CT43_P83036  hypothetical protein [KO:K09936]
CT43_CH5149  alo; perfringolysin O precursor [KO:K11031]
CT43_CH0493  two-component response regulator [KO:K14983]
CT43_CH2843  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH1730  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH3529  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH3532  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH3533  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH0178  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH0181  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH1982  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_P281048  Oligopeptide transporter, periplasmic-binding protein [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH1116  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K15580]
CT43_CH1117  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K15581]
CT43_CH1118  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K15582]
CT43_CH1119  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppD [KO:K15583]
CT43_CH1120  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppF [KO:K10823]
CT43_CH1122  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K02035]
CT43_CH0864  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K02035]
CT43_CH0580  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K02035]
CT43_CH0182  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K02035]
CT43_CH0205  oligopeptide-binding protein oppA [KO:K02035]
CT43_CH0772  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH0582  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH0865  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH2287  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH0206  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH0174  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH2186  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppB [KO:K02033]
CT43_CH0175  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH0773  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH2288  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH0581  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH0866  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH0207  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH2185  oligopeptide transport system permease protein oppC [KO:K02034]
CT43_CH0867  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppD [KO:K02031]
CT43_CH0208  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppD [KO:K02031]
CT43_CH0584  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppD [KO:K02031]
CT43_CH0176  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding oppD [KO:K02031]
CT43_CH0209  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppF [KO:K02032]
CT43_CH0177  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppF [KO:K02032]
CT43_CH0583  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppF [KO:K02032]
CT43_CH0868  oligopeptide transport ATP-binding protein oppF [KO:K02032]
CT43_CH5080  spoIIIJ1; OxaA-like protein precursor [KO:K03217]
CT43_CH5527  spoIIIJ2; OxaA-like protein precursor [KO:K03217]
CT43_CH5173  sensor protein comP [KO:K07680] [EC:2.7.13.3]
CT43_CH5174  two-component response regulator comA [KO:K07691]
CT43_CH5283  comK; competence transcription factor [KO:K02250]
CT43_CH1071  competence transcription factor [KO:K02250]
CT43_CH4427  secDF; bifunctional preprotein translocase subunit SecD/SecF [KO:K12257]
CT43_CH0092  secE; preprotein translocase subunit SecE [KO:K03073]
CT43_CH5159  secG; preprotein translocase subunit SecG [KO:K03075]
CT43_CH0128  secY; preprotein translocase subunit SecY [KO:K03076]
CT43_CH2725  secY; preprotein translocase subunit SecY [KO:K03076]
CT43_CH4432  yajC; preprotein translocase subunit YajC [KO:K03210]
CT43_CH5216  secA2; preprotein translocase subunit SecA [KO:K03070] [EC:7.4.2.8]
CT43_CH3847  ftsY; cell division protein ftsY [KO:K03110]
CT43_CH3845  ffH; signal recognition particle protein [KO:K03106] [EC:3.6.5.4]
CT43_P281215  Response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06361] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_P51029  response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06361] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_P281028  response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06364] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_P127103  Response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06364] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_P72057  Response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06364] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_CH3437  response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06364] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_CH1658  response regulator aspartate phosphatase [KO:K06364] [EC:3.1.-.-]
CT43_P72078  two-component response regulator [KO:K07692]
CT43_CH5376  spo0F; sporulation initiation phosphotransferase F [KO:K02490]
CT43_CH4456  sporulation initiation phosphotransferase B [KO:K06375] [EC:2.7.-.-]
CT43_CH4185  spo0A; stage 0 sporulation protein A [KO:K07699]
CT43_CH5389  papR; PapR protein [KO:K20390]
CT43_CH5102  bacillolysin [KO:K08777] [EC:3.4.24.-]
CT43_CH5390  transcriptional activator plcR [KO:K20391]
CT43_CH0600  plC; phospholipase C [KO:K01114] [EC:3.1.4.3]
CT43_CH2435  hemolysin BL binding component [KO:K11035]
CT43_CH2436  hemolysin BL binding component [KO:K11035]
CT43_P281239  Hemolysin BL-binding component [KO:K11035]
CT43_CH2433  hemolysin BL lytic component L2 [KO:K11036]
CT43_P281237  hypothetical protein [KO:K11036]
CT43_P281238  Tripartite hemolysin BL component L1 [KO:K11037]
CT43_CH2434  hemolysin BL lytic component L1 [KO:K11037]
CT43_CH1742  non-hemolytic enterotoxin lytic component L2 [KO:K11033]
CT43_CH1743  non-hemolytic enterotoxin lytic component L1 [KO:K11034]
CT43_CH1744  enterotoxin C [KO:K11034]
CT43_CH0520  transcriptional activator NprR [KO:K20480]
CT43_CH0521  hypothetical protein [KO:K20481]
CT43_P83062  S8A family lantibiotic epidermin serine protease [KO:K20486] [EC:3.4.21.-]
Compound
C00007  Oxygen
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00059  Sulfate
C00232  Succinate semialdehyde
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C01019  L-Fucose
C11837  N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone
C11841  N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)homoserine lactone
C11844  N-Heptanoylhomoserine lactone
C11845  N-(3-Hydroxy-7-cis-tetradecenoyl)homoserine lactone
C11848  2-Heptyl-3-hydroxy-quinolone
C16421  AI-2
C16463  3',5'-Cyclic diGMP
C16640  CAI-1
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C18206  cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid
C20643  2-Heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone
C20677  N-(4-Coumaroyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C20959  (4S)-4-Hydroxy-5-phosphooxypentane-2,3-dione
C21195  N-(3-Hydroxybutanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C21197  N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21198  N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C21199  N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21200  N-3-Hydroxyoctanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21201  N-3-Oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21202  cis-2-Dodecenoic acid
C21220  AIP-1
C21221  CSP
C21222  CSP
C21223  Blp
C21224  SHP2
C21225  SHP3
C21226  cCF10
C21227  iCF10
C21228  cAD1
C21229  iAD1
C21230  ComX pheromone
C21231  PhrA pentapeptide
C21232  PhrC pentapeptide
C21233  PhrE pentapeptide
C21234  PhrF pentapeptide
C21235  PhrG pentapeptide
C21236  PhrH pentapeptide
C21237  PhrK pentapeptide
C21238  NprX peptide
C21239  PapR peptide
C21241  AIP-2
C21242  AIP-3
C21243  AIP-4
C21244  AgrD peptide
C21245  AgrD1 peptide
C21246  GBAP
C21382  R-THMF
Reference
PMID:22712853
  Authors
Pereira CS, Thompson JA, Xavier KB
  Title
AI-2-mediated signalling in bacteria.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 37:156-81 (2013)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00345.x
Reference
PMID:23965960
  Authors
Verma SC, Miyashiro T
  Title
Quorum sensing in the squid-Vibrio symbiosis.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 14:16386-401 (2013)
DOI:10.3390/ijms140816386
Reference
PMID:24348467
  Authors
Norsworthy AN, Visick KL
  Title
Gimme shelter: how Vibrio fischeri successfully navigates an animal's multiple environments.
  Journal
Front Microbiol 4:356 (2013)
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00356
Reference
PMID:24065108
  Authors
Papaioannou E, Utari PD, Quax WJ
  Title
Choosing an appropriate infection model to study quorum sensing inhibition in Pseudomonas infections.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 14:19309-40 (2013)
DOI:10.3390/ijms140919309
Reference
PMID:20738404
  Authors
Heeb S, Fletcher MP, Chhabra SR, Diggle SP, Williams P, Camara M
  Title
Quinolones: from antibiotics to autoinducers.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 35:247-74 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00247.x
Reference
PMID:25866808
  Authors
Rasamiravaka T, Labtani Q, Duez P, El Jaziri M
  Title
The formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review of the natural and synthetic compounds interfering with control mechanisms.
  Journal
Biomed Res Int 2015:759348 (2015)
DOI:10.1155/2015/759348
Reference
PMID:11544214
  Authors
Whiteley M, Greenberg EP
  Title
Promoter specificity elements in Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing-controlled genes.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:5529-34 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.19.5529-5534.2001
Reference
PMID:11497469
  Authors
Chin-A-Woeng TF, van den Broek D, de Voer G, van der Drift KM, Tuinman S, Thomas-Oates JE, Lugtenberg BJ, Bloemberg GV
  Title
Phenazine-1-carboxamide production in the biocontrol strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 is regulated by multiple factors secreted into the growth medium.
  Journal
Mol Plant Microbe Interact 14:969-79 (2001)
DOI:10.1094/MPMI.2001.14.8.969
Reference
PMID:19696934
  Authors
Hughes DT, Clarke MB, Yamamoto K, Rasko DA, Sperandio V
  Title
The QseC adrenergic signaling cascade in Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC).
  Journal
PLoS Pathog 5:e1000553 (2009)
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000553
Reference
PMID:22144490
  Authors
Njoroge J, Sperandio V
  Title
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli virulence regulation by two bacterial adrenergic kinases, QseC and QseE.
  Journal
Infect Immun 80:688-703 (2012)
DOI:10.1128/IAI.05921-11
Reference
PMID:23160491
  Authors
Pacheco AR, Curtis MM, Ritchie JM, Munera D, Waldor MK, Moreira CG, Sperandio V
  Title
Fucose sensing regulates bacterial intestinal colonization.
  Journal
Nature 492:113-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nature11623
Reference
PMID:22778415
  Authors
Hirakawa H, Harwood CS, Pechter KB, Schaefer AL, Greenberg EP
  Title
Antisense RNA that affects Rhodopseudomonas palustris quorum-sensing signal receptor expression.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:12141-6 (2012)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1200243109
Reference
PMID:14617175
  Authors
Danino VE, Wilkinson A, Edwards A, Downie JA
  Title
Recipient-induced transfer of the symbiotic plasmid pRL1JI in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae is regulated by a quorum-sensing relay.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 50:511-25 (2003)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03699.x
Reference
PMID:12448738
  Authors
Wisniewski-Dye F, Downie JA
  Title
Quorum-sensing in Rhizobium.
  Journal
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 81:397-407 (2002)
DOI:10.1023/A:1020501104051
Reference
PMID:10368158
  Authors
Rodelas B, Lithgow JK, Wisniewski-Dye F, Hardman A, Wilkinson A, Economou A, Williams P, Downie JA
  Title
Analysis of quorum-sensing-dependent control of rhizosphere-expressed (rhi) genes in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 181:3816-23 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/JB.181.12.3816-3823.1999
Reference
PMID:24550924
  Authors
Lang J, Faure D
  Title
Functions and regulation of quorum-sensing in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
  Journal
Front Plant Sci 5:14 (2014)
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2014.00014
Reference
PMID:23710277
  Authors
Planamente S, Morera S, Faure D
  Title
In planta fitness-cost of the Atu4232-regulon encoding for a selective GABA-binding sensor in Agrobacterium.
  Journal
Commun Integr Biol 6:e23692 (2013)
DOI:10.4161/cib.23692
Reference
PMID:16943991
  Authors
Barnard AM, Salmond GP
  Title
Quorum sensing in Erwinia species.
  Journal
Anal Bioanal Chem 387:415-23 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00216-006-0701-1
Reference
PMID:17360277
  Authors
Barnard AM, Bowden SD, Burr T, Coulthurst SJ, Monson RE, Salmond GP
  Title
Quorum sensing, virulence and secondary metabolite production in plant soft-rotting bacteria.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 362:1165-83 (2007)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2007.2042
Reference
PMID:19843225
  Authors
Carlier A, Burbank L, von Bodman SB
  Title
Identification and characterization of three novel EsaI/EsaR quorum-sensing controlled stewartan exopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes in Pantoea stewartii ssp. stewartii.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 74:903-13 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06906.x
Reference
PMID:7665477
  Authors
Beck von Bodman S, Farrand SK
  Title
Capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis and pathogenicity in Erwinia stewartii require induction by an N-acylhomoserine lactone autoinducer.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 177:5000-8 (1995)
DOI:10.1128/JB.177.17.5000-5008.1995
Reference
PMID:19761612
  Authors
O'Grady EP, Viteri DF, Malott RJ, Sokol PA
  Title
Reciprocal regulation by the CepIR and CciIR quorum sensing systems in Burkholderia cenocepacia.
  Journal
BMC Genomics 10:441 (2009)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2164-10-441
Reference
PMID:16041013
  Authors
Malott RJ, Baldwin A, Mahenthiralingam E, Sokol PA
  Title
Characterization of the cciIR quorum-sensing system in Burkholderia cenocepacia.
  Journal
Infect Immun 73:4982-92 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/IAI.73.8.4982-4992.2005
Reference
PMID:22949660
  Authors
Deng Y, Schmid N, Wang C, Wang J, Pessi G, Wu D, Lee J, Aguilar C, Ahrens CH, Chang C, Song H, Eberl L, Zhang LH
  Title
Cis-2-dodecenoic acid receptor RpfR links quorum-sensing signal perception with regulation of virulence through cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate turnover.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:15479-84 (2012)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1205037109
Reference
PMID:23799665
  Authors
Suppiger A, Schmid N, Aguilar C, Pessi G, Eberl L
  Title
Two quorum sensing systems control biofilm formation and virulence in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex.
  Journal
Virulence 4:400-9 (2013)
DOI:10.4161/viru.25338
Reference
PMID:21166386
  Authors
Deng Y, Wu J, Tao F, Zhang LH
  Title
Listening to a new language: DSF-based quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria.
  Journal
Chem Rev 111:160-73 (2011)
DOI:10.1021/cr100354f
Reference
PMID:21227698
  Authors
Ryan RP, Dow JM
  Title
Communication with a growing family: diffusible signal factor (DSF) signaling in bacteria.
  Journal
Trends Microbiol 19:145-52 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2010.12.003
Reference
PMID:15522077
  Authors
Kim J, Kim JG, Kang Y, Jang JY, Jog GJ, Lim JY, Kim S, Suga H, Nagamatsu T, Hwang I
  Title
Quorum sensing and the LysR-type transcriptional activator ToxR regulate toxoflavin biosynthesis and transport in Burkholderia glumae.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 54:921-34 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04338.x
Reference
PMID:17376080
  Authors
Kim J, Kang Y, Choi O, Jeong Y, Jeong JE, Lim JY, Kim M, Moon JS, Suga H, Hwang I
  Title
Regulation of polar flagellum genes is mediated by quorum sensing and FlhDC in Burkholderia glumae.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 64:165-79 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05646.x
Reference
PMID:21622734
  Authors
Stauff DL, Bassler BL
  Title
Quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum: DNA recognition and gene regulation by the CviR receptor.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 193:3871-8 (2011)
DOI:10.1128/JB.05125-11
Reference
PMID:21504831
  Authors
Chen G, Swem LR, Swem DL, Stauff DL, O'Loughlin CT, Jeffrey PD, Bassler BL, Hughson FM
  Title
A strategy for antagonizing quorum sensing.
  Journal
Mol Cell 42:199-209 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.04.003
Reference
PMID:16513747
  Authors
Hao G, Burr TJ
  Title
Regulation of long-chain N-acyl-homoserine lactones in Agrobacterium vitis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:2173-83 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.188.6.2173-2183.2006
Reference
PMID:20514483
  Authors
Savka MA, Le PT, Burr TJ
  Title
LasR receptor for detection of long-chain quorum-sensing signals: identification of N-acyl-homoserine lactones encoded by the avsI locus of Agrobacterium vitis.
  Journal
Curr Microbiol 62:101-10 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s00284-010-9679-1
Reference
PMID:26579084
  Authors
Le KY, Otto M
  Title
Quorum-sensing regulation in staphylococci-an overview.
  Journal
Front Microbiol 6:1174 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01174
Reference
PMID:18851841
  Authors
Queck SY, Jameson-Lee M, Villaruz AE, Bach TH, Khan BA, Sturdevant DE, Ricklefs SM, Li M, Otto M
  Title
RNAIII-independent target gene control by the agr quorum-sensing system: insight into the evolution of virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus.
  Journal
Mol Cell 32:150-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2008.08.005
Reference
PMID:25714717
  Authors
Darkoh C, DuPont HL, Norris SJ, Kaplan HB
  Title
Toxin synthesis by Clostridium difficile is regulated through quorum signaling.
  Journal
MBio 6:e02569 (2015)
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Related
pathway
btc02040  Flagellar assembly
KO pathway
ko02024   
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