KEGG   PATHWAY: ifn02020
Entry
ifn02020                    Pathway                                
Name
Two-component system - Iocasia fonsfrigidae
Description
Two-component signal transduction systems enable bacteria to sense, respond, and adapt to changes in their environment or in their intracellular state. Each two-component system consists of a sensor protein-histidine kinase (HK) and a response regulator (RR). In the prototypical two-component pathway, the sensor HK phosphorylates its own conserved His residue in response to a signal(s) in the environment. Subsequently, the phosphoryl group of HK is transferred onto a specific Asp residue on the RR. The activated RR can then effect changes in cellular physiology, often by regulating gene expression. Two-component pathways thus often enable cells to sense and respond to stimuli by inducing changes in transcription.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
ifn02020  Two-component system
ifn02020

Other DBs
GO: 0000160
Organism
Iocasia fonsfrigidae [GN:ifn]
Gene
GM661_16755  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07636] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_16760  response regulator [KO:K07658]
GM661_16730  alkaline phosphatase [KO:K01077] [EC:3.1.3.1]
GM661_16750  pstS; phosphate ABC transporter substrate-binding protein PstS family protein [KO:K02040]
GM661_17740  phosphate ABC transporter substrate-binding protein [KO:K02040]
GM661_12560  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07650] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_12615  response regulator [KO:K07770]
GM661_02550  flagellin [KO:K02406]
GM661_02560  flagellin FliC [KO:K02406]
GM661_12640  hypothetical protein [KO:K02406]
GM661_02795  FliA/WhiG family RNA polymerase sigma factor [KO:K02405]
GM661_02720  motility protein A [KO:K02556]
GM661_07120  tripartite tricarboxylate transporter permease [KO:K07793]
GM661_04695  transporter [KO:K07793]
GM661_07115  tripartite tricarboxylate transporter TctB family protein [KO:K07794]
GM661_04690  hypothetical protein [KO:K07794]
GM661_07110  tripartite tricarboxylate transporter substrate binding protein [KO:K07795]
GM661_04685  tripartite tricarboxylate transporter substrate binding protein [KO:K07795]
GM661_03295  PAS domain-containing protein [KO:K07651] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_03300  response regulator [KO:K07775]
GM661_00005  dnaA; chromosomal replication initiator protein DnaA [KO:K02313]
GM661_04070  D-alanyl-D-alanine dipeptidase [KO:K08641] [EC:3.4.13.22]
GM661_01600  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K18940] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_01595  response regulator [KO:K18941]
GM661_11255  spo0A; sporulation transcription factor Spo0A [KO:K07699]
GM661_07085  citC; [citrate (pro-3S)-lyase] ligase [KO:K01910] [EC:6.2.1.22]
GM661_07090  citD; citrate lyase acyl carrier protein [KO:K01646]
GM661_07095  citE; citrate (pro-3S)-lyase subunit beta [KO:K01644] [EC:4.1.3.34]
GM661_07100  citF; citrate lyase subunit alpha [KO:K01643] [EC:2.8.3.10]
GM661_07105  citX; citrate lyase holo-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase [KO:K05964] [EC:2.7.7.61]
GM661_07125  citG; triphosphoribosyl-dephospho-CoA synthase CitG [KO:K05966] [EC:2.4.2.52]
GM661_09320  NAD-dependent malic enzyme [KO:K00027] [EC:1.1.1.38]
GM661_12250  sensor histidine kinase [KO:K07704] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_12245  response regulator [KO:K07705]
GM661_02955  hypothetical protein [KO:K07813]
GM661_06325  MFS transporter [KO:K08177]
GM661_02545  csrA; carbon storage regulator CsrA [KO:K03563]
GM661_12670  csrA; carbon storage regulator CsrA [KO:K03563]
GM661_16870  histidine kinase [KO:K07777] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_16865  response regulator [KO:K07692]
GM661_16280  hypothetical protein [KO:K11617] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_11480  hypothetical protein [KO:K02280]
GM661_02975  P-II family nitrogen regulator [KO:K04751]
GM661_05340  P-II family nitrogen regulator [KO:K04751]
GM661_13895  glnA; type I glutamate--ammonia ligase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
GM661_16560  glnA; type I glutamate--ammonia ligase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
GM661_14645  3-oxoacid CoA-transferase subunit A [KO:K01034] [EC:2.8.3.8 2.8.3.9]
GM661_14635  3-oxoacid CoA-transferase subunit B [KO:K01035] [EC:2.8.3.8 2.8.3.9]
GM661_04905  acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
GM661_14640  acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
GM661_03185  rpoN; RNA polymerase factor sigma-54 [KO:K03092]
GM661_01020  protein-glutamate O-methyltransferase CheR [KO:K00575] [EC:2.1.1.80]
GM661_17005  methyltransferase domain-containing protein [KO:K00575] [EC:2.1.1.80]
GM661_01065  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_01170  hypothetical protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_01180  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_01190  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_01790  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_04855  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_13525  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_14680  substrate-binding domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_16345  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_16735  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_16995  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_17225  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_15175  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_15445  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_18465  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K03406]
GM661_10830  chemotaxis protein CheW [KO:K03408]
GM661_10835  chemotaxis protein CheW [KO:K03408]
GM661_17010  chemotaxis protein CheW [KO:K03408]
GM661_10840  chemotaxis protein CheA [KO:K03407] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_17015  chemotaxis protein CheA [KO:K03407] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_02645  response regulator [KO:K03413]
GM661_10845  response regulator [KO:K03413]
GM661_17020  response regulator [KO:K03413]
GM661_17400  response regulator [KO:K03413]
GM661_01025  cheB; chemotaxis-specific protein-glutamate methyltransferase CheB [KO:K03412] [EC:3.1.1.61 3.5.1.44]
GM661_17000  cheB; chemotaxis-specific protein-glutamate methyltransferase CheB [KO:K03412] [EC:3.1.1.61 3.5.1.44]
GM661_02010  cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein [KO:K10914]
GM661_09150  cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein [KO:K10914]
GM661_11560  cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein [KO:K10914]
GM661_00200  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07718] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_04490  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07718] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_04590  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07718] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_15055  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07718] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_14225  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07718] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_15355  HAMP domain-containing protein [KO:K07718] [EC:2.7.13.3]
GM661_01075  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_04495  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_04595  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_13000  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_14220  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_15050  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_15350  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_00205  response regulator [KO:K07720]
GM661_06670  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (non-hydrolyzing) [KO:K01791] [EC:5.1.3.14]
GM661_17690  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (non-hydrolyzing) [KO:K01791] [EC:5.1.3.14]
GM661_03755  cellulase [KO:K01179] [EC:3.2.1.4]
GM661_08065  hypothetical protein [KO:K01179] [EC:3.2.1.4]
GM661_02495  flgM; flagellar biosynthesis anti-sigma factor FlgM [KO:K02398]
GM661_12695  flgM; flagellar biosynthesis anti-sigma factor FlgM [KO:K02398]
Compound
C00007  Oxygen
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00022  Pyruvate
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00031  D-Glucose
C00034  Manganese
C00036  Oxaloacetate
C00038  Zinc cation
C00042  Succinate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00070  Copper
C00088  Nitrite
C00092  D-Glucose 6-phosphate
C00122  Fumarate
C00149  (S)-Malate
C00158  Citrate
C00164  Acetoacetate
C00237  CO
C00238  Potassium cation
C00244  Nitrate
C00282  Hydrogen
C00291  Nickel
C00305  Magnesium cation
C00399  Ubiquinone
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00697  Nitrogen
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C00828  Menaquinone
C01019  L-Fucose
C01104  Trimethylamine N-oxide
C01667  Bacitracin
C02084  Tetrathionate
C05757  (3R)-3-Hydroxydodecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
C05818  2-Demethylmenaquinone
C06230  Fe-enterobactin
C06689  Vancomycin
C06696  Lead
C11612  Polymyxin B
C11842  N-(3-(S)-Hydroxybutyryl)homoserine lactone
C11849  3-Hydroxy-palmitic acid methyl ester
C12008  Ramoplanin A2
C13768  Colistin sulfate
C14819  Fe3+
C16421  AI-2
C16463  3',5'-Cyclic diGMP
C16640  CAI-1
C16665  12-Methyltetradecanoic acid
C18206  cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid
C21220  AIP-1
C21221  CSP
C21241  AIP-2
C21242  AIP-3
C21243  AIP-4
C21245  AgrD1 peptide
D07746  Colistin (INN)
D08401  Polymyxin B (INN)
Reference
  Authors
Yamamoto K, Hirao K, Oshima T, Aiba H, Utsumi R, Ishihama A.
  Title
Functional characterization in vitro of all two-component signal transduction systems from Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:1448-56 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M410104200
Reference
  Authors
Abdel-Fattah WR, Chen Y, Eldakak A, Hulett FM.
  Title
Bacillus subtilis phosphorylated PhoP: direct activation of the E(sigma)A- and repression of the E(sigma)E-responsive phoB-PS+V promoters during pho response.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 187:5166-78 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/JB.187.15.5166-5178.2005
Reference
  Authors
Navarre WW, Halsey TA, Walthers D, Frye J, McClelland M, Potter JL, Kenney LJ, Gunn JS, Fang FC, Libby SJ.
  Title
Co-regulation of Salmonella enterica genes required for virulence and resistance to antimicrobial peptides by SlyA and PhoP/PhoQ.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 56:492-508 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04553.x
Reference
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Cai SJ, Inouye M.
  Title
EnvZ-OmpR interaction and osmoregulation in Escherichia coli.
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J Biol Chem 277:24155-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M110715200
Reference
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Batchelor E, Walthers D, Kenney LJ, Goulian M.
  Title
The Escherichia coli CpxA-CpxR envelope stress response system regulates expression of the porins ompF and ompC.
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J Bacteriol 187:5723-31 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/JB.187.16.5723-5731.2005
Reference
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Nagakubo S, Nishino K, Hirata T, Yamaguchi A.
  Title
The putative response regulator BaeR stimulates multidrug resistance of Escherichia coli via a novel multidrug exporter system, MdtABC.
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J Bacteriol 184:4161-7 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/JB.184.15.4161-4167.2002
Reference
  Authors
Hagiwara D, Yamashino T, Mizuno T.
  Title
A Genome-wide view of the Escherichia coli BasS-BasR two-component system implicated in iron-responses.
  Journal
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 68:1758-67 (2004)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.68.1758
Reference
  Authors
Munson GP, Lam DL, Outten FW, O'Halloran TV.
  Title
Identification of a copper-responsive two-component system on the chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 182:5864-71 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.20.5864-5871.2000
Reference
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Sperandio V, Torres AG, Kaper JB.
  Title
Quorum sensing Escherichia coli regulators B and C (QseBC): a novel two-component regulatory system involved in the regulation of flagella and motility by quorum sensing in E. coli.
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Mol Microbiol 43:809-21 (2002)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02803.x
Reference
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The roles and regulation of potassium in bacteria.
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Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol 75:293-320 (2003)
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The TorR high-affinity binding site plays a key role in both torR autoregulation and torCAD operon expression in Escherichia coli.
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J Bacteriol 182:961-6 (2000)
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Reference
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Identification of a quinone-sensitive redox switch in the ArcB sensor kinase.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:13318-23 (2004)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0403064101
Reference
PMID:2666399
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  Title
Genetic regulation of the tricarboxylate transport operon (tctI) of Salmonella typhimurium.
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DOI:10.1128/JB.171.8.4436-4441.1989
Reference
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  Title
A novel two-component regulatory system in Bacillus subtilis for the survival of severe secretion stress.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 41:1159-72 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02576.x
Reference
  Authors
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  Title
ResD signal transduction regulator of aerobic respiration in Bacillus subtilis: ctaA promoter regulation.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 37:1208-19 (2000)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02076.x
Reference
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Senadheera MD, Guggenheim B, Spatafora GA, Huang YC, Choi J, Hung DC, Treglown JS, Goodman SD, Ellen RP, Cvitkovitch DG.
  Title
A VicRK signal transduction system in Streptococcus mutans affects gtfBCD, gbpB, and ftf expression, biofilm formation, and genetic competence development.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 187:4064-76 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/JB.187.12.4064-4076.2005
Reference
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He H, Zahrt TC.
  Title
Identification and characterization of a regulatory sequence recognized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence regulator MprA.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 187:202-12 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/JB.187.1.202-212.2005
Reference
  Authors
Hutchings MI
  Title
Unusual two-component signal transduction pathways in the actinobacteria.
  Journal
Adv Appl Microbiol 61:1-26 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0065-2164(06)61001-0
Reference
  Authors
Kramer R
  Title
Osmosensing and osmosignaling in Corynebacterium glutamicum.
  Journal
Amino Acids 37:487-97 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s00726-009-0271-6
Reference
PMID:7751278
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  Title
Oxygen-insensitive synthesis of the photosynthetic membranes of Rhodobacter sphaeroides: a mutant histidine kinase.
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Reference
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  Title
In vitro evidence of two-component system phosphorylation between the Mycobacterium tuberculosis TrcR/TrcS proteins.
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Reference
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  Title
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J Bacteriol 183:6573-8 (2001)
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Reference
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  Title
The sensor kinase CitA (DpiB) of Escherichia coli functions as a high-affinity citrate receptor.
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Arch Microbiol 177:313-21 (2002)
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Reference
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Function of DcuS from Escherichia coli as a fumarate-stimulated histidine protein kinase in vitro.
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J Biol Chem 277:39809-14 (2002)
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Reference
PMID:8550490
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Identification and molecular characterization of a putative regulatory locus that affects autolysis in Staphylococcus aureus.
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Reference
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  Title
Analysis of genetic elements controlling Staphylococcus aureus lrgAB expression: potential role of DNA topology in SarA regulation.
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Reference
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High genetic variability of the agr locus in Staphylococcus species.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 184:1180-6 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/JB.184.4.1180-1186.2002
Reference
PMID:8501030
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  Title
Dual response regulators (NarL and NarP) interact with dual sensors (NarX and NarQ) to control nitrate- and nitrite-regulated gene expression in Escherichia coli K-12.
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J Bacteriol 175:3259-68 (1993)
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Reference
PMID:9220011
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  Title
'Locked-on' and 'locked-off' signal transduction mutations in the periplasmic domain of the Escherichia coli NarQ and NarX sensors affect nitrate- and nitrite-dependent regulation by NarL and NarP.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 24:1049-60 (1997)
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Reference
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  Title
Cooperativity in signal transfer through the Uhp system of Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 184:4205-10 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/JB.184.15.4205-4210.2002
Reference
  Authors
Hagiwara D, Sugiura M, Oshima T, Mori H, Aiba H, Yamashino T, Mizuno T.
  Title
Genome-wide analyses revealing a signaling network of the RcsC-YojN-RcsB phosphorelay system in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:5735-46 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.19.5735-5746.2003
Reference
  Authors
Hirakawa H, Nishino K, Yamada J, Hirata T, Yamaguchi A.
  Title
Beta-lactam resistance modulated by the overexpression of response regulators of two-component signal transduction systems in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Antimicrob Chemother 52:576-82 (2003)
DOI:10.1093/jac/dkg406
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki K, Wang X, Weilbacher T, Pernestig AK, Melefors O, Georgellis D, Babitzke P, Romeo T.
  Title
Regulatory circuitry of the CsrA/CsrB and BarA/UvrY systems of Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 184:5130-40 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/JB.184.18.5130-5140.2002
Reference
  Authors
Kato A, Ohnishi H, Yamamoto K, Furuta E, Tanabe H, Utsumi R.
  Title
Transcription of emrKY is regulated by the EvgA-EvgS two-component system in Escherichia coli K-12.
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Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 64:1203-9 (2000)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.64.1203
Reference
  Authors
Ansaldi M, Dubnau D.
  Title
Diversifying selection at the Bacillus quorum-sensing locus and determinants of modification specificity during synthesis of the ComX pheromone.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 186:15-21 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/JB.186.1.15-21.2004
Reference
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Gabdrakhmanova L, Vishniakov I, Sharipova M, Balaban N, Kostrov S, Leshchinskaya I.
  Title
Salt stress induction of glutamyl endopeptidase biosynthesis in Bacillus intermedius.
  Journal
Microbiol Res 160:233-42 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.micres.2004.05.005
Reference
  Authors
Aguilar PS, Hernandez-Arriaga AM, Cybulski LE, Erazo AC, de Mendoza D.
  Title
Molecular basis of thermosensing: a two-component signal transduction thermometer in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
EMBO J 20:1681-91 (2001)
DOI:10.1093/emboj/20.7.1681
Reference
  Authors
Kuroda M, Kuroda H, Oshima T, Takeuchi F, Mori H, Hiramatsu K.
  Title
Two-component system VraSR positively modulates the regulation of cell-wall biosynthesis pathway in Staphylococcus aureus.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 49:807-21 (2003)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03599.x
Reference
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Saini DK, Malhotra V, Dey D, Pant N, Das TK, Tyagi JS.
  Title
DevR-DevS is a bona fide two-component system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is hypoxia-responsive in the absence of the DNA-binding domain of DevR.
  Journal
Microbiology 150:865-75 (2004)
DOI:10.1099/mic.0.26218-0
Reference
  Authors
Fedtke I, Kamps A, Krismer B, Gotz F.
  Title
The nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase operons and the narT gene of Staphylococcus carnosus are positively controlled by the novel two-component system NreBC.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 184:6624-34 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/JB.184.23.6624-6634.2002
Reference
PMID:8416895
  Authors
Shiau SP, Chen P, Reitzer LJ.
  Title
Effects of insertions and deletions in glnG (ntrC) of Escherichia coli on nitrogen regulator I-dependent DNA binding and transcriptional activation.
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J Bacteriol 175:190-9 (1993)
DOI:10.1128/JB.175.1.190-199.1993
Reference
  Authors
Leonhartsberger S, Huber A, Lottspeich F, Bock A.
  Title
The hydH/G Genes from Escherichia coli code for a zinc and lead responsive two-component regulatory system.
  Journal
J Mol Biol 307:93-105 (2001)
DOI:10.1006/jmbi.2000.4451
Reference
  Authors
Lioliou EE, Kyriakidis DA.
  Title
The role of bacterial antizyme: From an inhibitory protein to AtoC transcriptional regulator.
  Journal
Microb Cell Fact 3:8 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1475-2859-3-8
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Related
pathway
ifn00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
ifn00550  Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
ifn00910  Nitrogen metabolism
ifn02030  Bacterial chemotaxis
ifn02040  Flagellar assembly
ifn03070  Bacterial secretion system
KO pathway
ko02020   
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