KEGG   PATHWAY: rro04721
Entry
rro04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Rhinopithecus roxellana (golden snub-nosed monkey)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
rro04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
rro04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Rhinopithecus roxellana (golden snub-nosed monkey) [GN:rro]
Gene
104653799  UNC13C; protein unc-13 homolog C isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
104655141  ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
104655551  STX2; syntaxin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
104655633  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
104655770  SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 [KO:K18211]
104655831  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
104655857  AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
104656614  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
104656669  CLTCL1; clathrin heavy chain 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04646]
104658268  ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 isoform X2 [KO:K02152]
104658358  SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05613]
104660614  ATP6V1A; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
104660964  UNC13A; protein unc-13 homolog A [KO:K15293]
104661032  SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05617]
104661142  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
104661334  ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform isoform X1 [KO:K02147]
104661561  STX1B; syntaxin-1B [KO:K08486]
104661682  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
104661911  ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 [KO:K02152]
104662926  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 [KO:K04646]
104663179  ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150]
104664634  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu isoform X1 [KO:K11826]
104664717  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X2 [KO:K02154]
104665038  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
104665858  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X6 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
104665883  STXBP1; syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15292]
104665983  SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05037]
104666329  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
104667075  SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
104667191  SLC17A7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
104667212  AP2A1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
104667384  [KO:K02155]
104667505  CLTA; clathrin light chain A isoform X1 [KO:K04644]
104667885  ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
104668539  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
104668660  RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15291]
104668699  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
104669044  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit isoform X1 [KO:K03661]
104669046  SLC6A9; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
104669274  SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05618]
104669605  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
104670135  ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
104670191  SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05614]
104670411  SLC6A7; sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040]
104670461  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484]
104671478  SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter isoform X2 [KO:K05035]
104671720  CPLX1; complexin-1 [KO:K15294]
104671774  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
104672155  CPLX3; complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
104672231  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05046]
104672264  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
104672557  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
104672558  ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
104673011  CPLX4; complexin-4 [KO:K15295]
104673283  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
104673285  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
104673382  NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296]
104673398  AP2S1; AP-2 complex subunit sigma isoform X1 [KO:K11827]
104674437  ATP6V1F; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
104675197  ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02148]
104675263  ATP6V0E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 [KO:K02153]
104675772  SYT1; synaptotagmin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15290]
104676301  ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150]
104677711  SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
104678322  SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
104679432  STX3; syntaxin-3 isoform X2 [KO:K08486]
104679581  AP2B1; AP-2 complex subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11825]
104680034  UNC13B; protein unc-13 homolog B isoform X3 [KO:K15293]
104680265  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
104680432  CLTB; clathrin light chain B isoform X2 [KO:K04645]
104680612  RAB3A; ras-related protein Rab-3A [KO:K07882]
104681234  STX1A; syntaxin-1A [KO:K04560]
104681554  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
104681661  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
104681838  SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
104681926  CPLX2; complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
104682306  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
104682398  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
104682499  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05612]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
rro04144  Endocytosis
rro04724  Glutamatergic synapse
rro04725  Cholinergic synapse
rro04726  Serotonergic synapse
rro04727  GABAergic synapse
rro04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   

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