Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Macaca nemestrina (pig-tailed macaque)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Macaca nemestrina (pig-tailed macaque) [GN:
mni ]
Gene
105491781 PIP5K1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
105494175 AP2A2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 [KO:K11824 ]
105475073 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
105495054 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
105489370 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
105488126 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
105470763 TFRC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transferrin receptor protein 1 [KO:K06503 ]
105478200 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
105492432 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
105492908 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
105494471 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
105487152 ARPC3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 [KO:K05756 ]
105477669 ARPC4; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05755 ]
105463913 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
105498221 HSPA6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 [KO:K03283 ]
105498547 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283 ]
105498457 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
105483111 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
105493419 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
105476155 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
105466102 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A isoform X2 [KO:K18466 ]
105492212 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 isoform X1 [KO:K18468 ]
105469305 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
105488228 STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
105486984 TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein isoform X1 [KO:K12183 ]
112423573 VPS28; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
105464652 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
105463739 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
105466407 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
105494228 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
105490763 VPS36; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
105472100 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
105488036 CHMP2A; charged multivesicular body protein 2a isoform X1 [KO:K12191 ]
105476998 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
105491359 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
105465742 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
105470924 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
105492011 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
105494366 IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05068 ]
105464497 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K05069 ]
105464138 MANE-B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-67 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105468977 Mane-B; class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0103 alpha chain-like precursor [KO:K06751 ]
105464135 Mane-B; class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0101 alpha chain-like precursor [KO:K06751 ]
105467986 Mane-B; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-45 alpha chain-like precursor [KO:K06751 ]
105466239 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0103 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105466487 MANE-B; class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0102 alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
105498605 MANE-E; popy class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E isoform X2 [KO:K06751 ]
105467297 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0101 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105498584 MANE-A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: popy Class I histocompatibility antigen, A-1 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105498640 MANE-E; patr class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E [KO:K06751 ]
105498601 popy Class I histocompatibility antigen, A-1 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105464109 MANE-B; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-14 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105466472 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0103 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
105491567 MANE-F; mamu class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain F [KO:K06751 ]
105491570 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-24 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105469851 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: popy Class I histocompatibility antigen, A-1 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105497653 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-14 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
105497650 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-14 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105471000 MANE-B; class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0101 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105472584 RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
105466120 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
105484009 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
105497797 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X1 [KO:K12479 ]
105476578 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105465260 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105467530 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105485913 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
105485203 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K12485 ]
105491416 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
105494398 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
105479478 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
105486513 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105492844 ASAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12488 ]
105494422 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
105473417 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105498312 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105470801 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105468707 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
105487761 ARAP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
105466976 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
105473862 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X8 [KO:K12491 ]
105474909 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
112429224 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 11-like [KO:K12491 ]
105474082 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
105470498 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
105464334 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
105471676 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
105478348 PSD; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105467051 PSD2; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105482130 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105471777 PSD4; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105463799 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
105477737 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
105493788 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2-like [KO:K12495 ]
105482169 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
105470707 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
105478352 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
mni04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
mni04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
mni04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
LinkDB
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