KEGG   PATHWAY: oas04072
Entry
oas04072                    Pathway                                
Name
Phospholipase D signaling pathway - Ovis aries (sheep)
Description
Phospholipase D (PLD) is an essential enzyme responsible for the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), which is involved in fundamental cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation and cell survival. PLD activity can be stimulated by a large number of cell surface receptors and is elaborately regulated by intracellular factors, including protein kinase C isoforms, small GTPases of the ARF, Rho and Ras families and the phosphoinositide, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The PLD-produced PA activates signaling proteins and acts as a node within the membrane to which signaling proteins translocate. Several signaling proteins, including Raf-1 and mTOR, directly bind PA to mediate translocation or activation, respectively.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
oas04072  Phospholipase D signaling pathway
oas04072

Organism
Ovis aries (sheep) [GN:oas]
Gene
114110564  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X2 [KO:K04359]
443545  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B precursor [KO:K17386]
101117784  PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D isoform X3 [KO:K05450]
101112600  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C isoform X4 [KO:K05450]
443371  KITLG; kit ligand precursor [KO:K05461]
114110121  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
780479  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
101106012  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
101122783  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
780504  KIT; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit precursor [KO:K05091] [EC:2.7.10.1]
443431  INSR; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
101109893  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X5 [KO:K04364]
114110058  growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
101112165  GAB1; GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 isoform X4 [KO:K09593]
101115743  GAB2; GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08091]
101113548  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06279]
101113847  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447]
101107936  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
101110241  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17449]
101114308  PTPN11; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 isoform X3 [KO:K07293] [EC:3.1.3.48]
101107037  tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11-like isoform X4 [KO:K07293] [EC:3.1.3.48]
101118865  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X2 [KO:K03099]
101102732  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
101104357  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
114114919  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K02833]
101114005  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
101102438  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101110290  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
101107545  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
101118556  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
101118864  RALGDS; ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator isoform X5 [KO:K08732]
101121767  RALA; ras-related protein Ral-A isoform X2 [KO:K07834]
101113566  RALB; ras-related protein Ral-B isoform X3 [KO:K07835]
101109759  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101110015  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101117348  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101123247  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101111546  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101121455  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649]
101118462  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101119242  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100294652  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101119127  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
101115088  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
100302069  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
100271659  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100302078  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
114116812  transforming protein RhoA-like [KO:K04513]
101106246  transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
100302302  ARF1; ADP-ribosylation factor 1 [KO:K07937]
101123118  ADP-ribosylation factor 1 [KO:K07937]
101120590  ADP-ribosylation factor 2 [KO:K07937]
100302306  ARF6; ADP-ribosylation factor 6 [KO:K07941]
101103341  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101122126  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101113211  Ig mu chain C region membrane-bound form [KO:K06856]
100144427  FCER1A; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha precursor [KO:K08089]
443203  MS4A2; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta [KO:K08090]
443204  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K07983]
101109363  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn isoform X1 [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101105303  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform X1 [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101110074  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101110687  PLD2; phospholipase D2 isoform X2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
101114661  PLD1; phospholipase D1 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
101111472  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101115372  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101115878  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101116150  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101116403  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
443121  AGPAT1; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha isoform X2 [KO:K13509] [EC:2.3.1.51]
101114511  AGPAT2; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase beta [KO:K13509] [EC:2.3.1.51]
101107246  AGPAT3; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma [KO:K13523] [EC:2.3.1.51 2.3.1.-]
101112654  AGPAT4; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase delta isoform X1 [KO:K13523] [EC:2.3.1.51 2.3.1.-]
101103870  AGPAT5; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K19007] [EC:2.3.1.51]
101105263  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
101106964  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
101103190  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101123635  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101113846  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101115485  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101123008  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101114069  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha isoform X7 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
101107667  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X2 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
101115537  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X7 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
101108320  DGKH; diacylglycerol kinase eta [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101119735  DGKE; diacylglycerol kinase epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101112442  DGKD; diacylglycerol kinase delta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101114659  DGKG; diacylglycerol kinase gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101102720  DGKB; diacylglycerol kinase beta isoform X3 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101113224  DGKA; diacylglycerol kinase alpha isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101108481  DGKI; diacylglycerol kinase iota isoform X2 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101106172  DGKQ; diacylglycerol kinase theta isoform X2 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101117698  DGKZ; diacylglycerol kinase zeta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101110739  DGKK; diacylglycerol kinase kappa [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
101102020  PLPP3; phospholipid phosphatase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
101106938  PLPP2; phospholipid phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
101115312  PLPP1; phospholipid phosphatase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
100307041  F2; prothrombin precursor [KO:K01313] [EC:3.4.21.5]
101119440  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
443477  AVP; vasopressin-neurophysin 2-copeptin precursor [KO:K05242]
443418  CXCL8; interleukin-8 precursor [KO:K10030]
443107  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
101105757  F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03914]
443101  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
101116870  GRM2; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 [KO:K04605]
101113057  GRM3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 [KO:K04606]
101119427  GRM4; metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04607]
443069  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604]
443292  GRM6; metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 [KO:K04608]
443520  GRM7; metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04609]
101108742  GRM8; metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04610]
100528010  AVPR1A; vasopressin V1a receptor [KO:K04226]
443050  AVPR1B; vasopressin V1b receptor [KO:K04227]
100528011  AVPR2; vasopressin V2 receptor [KO:K04228]
443346  LPAR1; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 [KO:K04289]
101104572  LPAR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 [KO:K04291]
101111138  LPAR3; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 [KO:K04294]
101118506  LPAR4; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 [KO:K04275]
101109610  LPAR5; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 [KO:K08390]
101114118  LPAR6; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 [KO:K04273]
443366  PTGFR; prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor [KO:K04262]
101108811  C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04175]
101110214  CXCR2; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 [KO:K05050]
101103585  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101113074  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101116105  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101106864  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X9 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101111070  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04346]
101106906  PTK2B; protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X1 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101117003  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
101102896  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101109983  PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
101109720  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
100216436  CYTH2; cytohesin-2 [KO:K18441]
101112995  CYTH1; cytohesin-1 isoform X6 [KO:K18441]
101105381  CYTH3; cytohesin-3 isoform X2 [KO:K18441]
101103309  CYTH4; cytohesin-4 isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
101115640  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short isoform X5 [KO:K04632]
101102411  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
101117327  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101102089  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101108203  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101119139  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105602258  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101105735  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X2 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101112667  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101121944  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101122401  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101109786  RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08014]
101112196  RAPGEF4; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 isoform X8 [KO:K04351]
101108737  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X5 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
101107117  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X3 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
101115027  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X5 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00416  Phosphatidate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00639  Prostaglandin F2alpha
C00681  1-Acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
  Authors
Oude Weernink PA, Lopez de Jesus M, Schmidt M
  Title
Phospholipase D signaling: orchestration by PIP2 and small GTPases.
  Journal
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 374:399-411 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00210-007-0131-4
Reference
  Authors
Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA
  Title
Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation.
  Journal
Chem Rev 111:6064-119 (2011)
DOI:10.1021/cr200296t
Reference
  Authors
Brandenburg LO, Pufe T, Koch T
  Title
Role of phospholipase d in g-protein coupled receptor function.
  Journal
Membranes (Basel) 4:302-18 (2014)
DOI:10.3390/membranes4030302
Reference
  Authors
Oude Weernink PA, Han L, Jakobs KH, Schmidt M
  Title
Dynamic phospholipid signaling by G protein-coupled receptors.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1768:888-900 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.09.012
Reference
  Authors
Foster DA, Salloum D, Menon D, Frias MA
  Title
Phospholipase D and the maintenance of phosphatidic acid levels for regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).
  Journal
J Biol Chem 289:22583-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.R114.566091
Reference
  Authors
Jenkins GM, Frohman MA
  Title
Phospholipase D: a lipid centric review.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 62:2305-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-005-5195-z
Reference
  Authors
Metcalfe DD, Peavy RD, Gilfillan AM
  Title
Mechanisms of mast cell signaling in anaphylaxis.
  Journal
J Allergy Clin Immunol 124:639-46; quiz 647-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.035
Reference
  Authors
Kalesnikoff J, Galli SJ
  Title
New developments in mast cell biology.
  Journal
Nat Immunol 9:1215-23 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/ni.f.216
Reference
  Authors
Cockcroft S, Way G, O'Luanaigh N, Pardo R, Sarri E, Fensome A
  Title
Signalling role for ARF and phospholipase D in mast cell exocytosis stimulated by crosslinking of the high affinity FcepsilonR1 receptor.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 38:1277-82 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0161-5890(02)00075-5
Reference
  Authors
Lee CS, Kim KL, Jang JH, Choi YS, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
The roles of phospholipase D in EGFR signaling.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:862-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.04.007
Reference
  Authors
Lee CS, Kim IS, Park JB, Lee MN, Lee HY, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
The phox homology domain of phospholipase D activates dynamin GTPase activity and accelerates EGFR endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 8:477-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/ncb1401
Reference
  Authors
Kam Y, Exton JH
  Title
Role of phospholipase D1 in the regulation of mTOR activity by lysophosphatidic acid.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:311-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-0731com
Reference
PMID:9310372
  Authors
Kozawa O, Blume-Jensen P, Heldin CH, Ronnstrand L
  Title
Involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase in stem-cell-factor-induced phospholipase D activation and arachidonic acid release.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 248:149-55 (1997)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00149.x
Reference
  Authors
Slaaby R, Du G, Altshuller YM, Frohman MA, Seedorf K
  Title
Insulin-induced phospholipase D1 and phospholipase D2 activity in human embryonic kidney-293 cells mediated by the phospholipase C gamma and protein kinase C alpha signalling cascade.
  Journal
Biochem J 351 Pt 3:613-9 (2000)
DOI:10.1042/bj3510613
Reference
  Authors
Fahimi-Vahid M, Gosau N, Michalek C, Han L, Jakobs KH, Schmidt M, Roberts N, Avkiran M, Wieland T
  Title
Distinct signaling pathways mediate cardiomyocyte phospholipase D stimulation by endothelin-1 and thrombin.
  Journal
J Mol Cell Cardiol 34:441-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1006/jmcc.2002.1525
Reference
  Authors
Freeman EJ
  Title
The Ang II-induced growth of vascular smooth muscle cells involves a phospholipase D-mediated signaling mechanism.
  Journal
Arch Biochem Biophys 374:363-70 (2000)
DOI:10.1006/abbi.1999.1608
Reference
PMID:9119890
  Authors
Naro F, Donchenko V, Minotti S, Zolla L, Molinaro M, Adamo S
  Title
Role of phospholipase C and D signalling pathways in vasopressin-dependent myogenic differentiation.
  Journal
Reference
  Authors
Murdoch C, Finn A
  Title
Chemokine receptors and their role in inflammation and infectious diseases.
  Journal
Blood 95:3032-43 (2000)
Reference
PMID:8135758
  Authors
Sugiyama T, Sakai T, Nozawa Y, Oka N
  Title
Prostaglandin F2 alpha-stimulated phospholipase D activation in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells: involvement in sustained 1,2-diacylglycerol production.
  Journal
Biochem J 298 ( Pt 2):479-84 (1994)
DOI:10.1042/bj2980479
Reference
  Authors
Foster DA
  Title
Regulation of mTOR by phosphatidic acid?
  Journal
Cancer Res 67:1-4 (2007)
DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3016
Reference
  Authors
Delon C, Manifava M, Wood E, Thompson D, Krugmann S, Pyne S, Ktistakis NT
  Title
Sphingosine kinase 1 is an intracellular effector of phosphatidic acid.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:44763-74 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M405771200
Reference
  Authors
Park JB, Lee CS, Jang JH, Ghim J, Kim YJ, You S, Hwang D, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
Phospholipase signalling networks in cancer.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 12:782-92 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3379
Reference
  Authors
Foster DA
  Title
Phosphatidic acid signaling to mTOR: signals for the survival of human cancer cells.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:949-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.02.009
Related
pathway
oas00561  Glycerolipid metabolism
oas04010  MAPK signaling pathway
oas04014  Ras signaling pathway
oas04020  Calcium signaling pathway
oas04024  cAMP signaling pathway
oas04071  Sphingolipid signaling pathway
oas04144  Endocytosis
oas04150  mTOR signaling pathway
oas04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
oas04664  Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04072   
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