Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is a mitochondrial disease that is caused by the lack of the COX. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (complex IV). Since COX is encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genes, COX deficiency can be inherited in either an autosomal recessive or a maternal pattern. Patients can present with a number of different clinical phenotypes, including Leigh syndrome, Fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy, and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.
Papadopoulou LC, Sue CM, Davidson MM, Tanji K, Nishino I, Sadlock JE, Krishna S, Walker W, Selby J, Glerum DM, Coster RV, Lyon G, Scalais E, Lebel R, Kaplan P, Shanske S, De Vivo DC, Bonilla E, Hirano M, DiMauro S, Schon EA
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Fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy with COX deficiency and mutations in SCO2, a COX assembly gene.
Mootha VK, Lepage P, Miller K, Bunkenborg J, Reich M, Hjerrild M, Delmonte T, Villeneuve A, Sladek R, Xu F, Mitchell GA, Morin C, Mann M, Hudson TJ, Robinson B, Rioux JD, Lander ES
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Identification of a gene causing human cytochrome c oxidase deficiency by integrative genomics.
Lim SC, Smith KR, Stroud DA, Compton AG, Tucker EJ, Dasvarma A, Gandolfo LC, Marum JE, McKenzie M, Peters HL, Mowat D, Procopis PG, Wilcken B, Christodoulou J, Brown GK, Ryan MT, Bahlo M, Thorburn DR
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A founder mutation in PET100 causes isolated complex IV deficiency in Lebanese individuals with Leigh syndrome.
Inoue M, Uchino S, Iida A, Noguchi S, Hayashi S, Takahashi T, Fujii K, Komaki H, Takeshita E, Nonaka I, Okada Y, Yoshizawa T, Van Lommel L, Schuit F, Goto YI, Mimaki M, Nishino I
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COX6A2 variants cause a muscle-specific cytochrome c oxidase deficiency.
Renkema GH, Visser G, Baertling F, Wintjes LT, Wolters VM, van Montfrans J, de Kort GAP, Nikkels PGJ, van Hasselt PM, van der Crabben SN, Rodenburg RJT
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Mutated PET117 causes complex IV deficiency and is associated with neurodevelopmental regression and medulla oblongata lesions.
Wintjes LTM, Kava M, van den Brandt FA, van den Brand MAM, Lapina O, Bliksrud YT, Kulseth MA, Amundsen SS, Selberg TR, Ybema-Antoine M, Tutakhel OAZ, Greed L, Thorburn DR, Tangeraas T, Balasubramaniam S, Rodenburg RJT
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A novel variant in COX16 causes cytochrome c oxidase deficiency, severe fatal neonatal lactic acidosis, encephalopathy, cardiomyopathy, and liver dysfunction.
Clark KM, Taylor RW, Johnson MA, Chinnery PF, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM, Andrews RM, Nelson IP, Wood NW, Lamont PJ, Hanna MG, Lightowlers RN, Turnbull DM
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An mtDNA mutation in the initiation codon of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit II gene results in lower levels of the protein and a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy.