KEGG   PATHWAY: hmh04721
Entry
hmh04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Hylobates moloch (silvery gibbon)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
hmh04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
hmh04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Hylobates moloch (silvery gibbon) [GN:hmh]
Gene
116456607  CPLX1; complexin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15294]
116456672  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05036]
116456906  SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K05614]
116457607  ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 isoform X1 [KO:K02152]
116457735  SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05618]
116458428  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
116458636  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
116458692  CLTCL1; clathrin heavy chain 2 isoform X3 [KO:K04646]
116459451  ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02150]
116459797  [KO:K02155]
116460114  ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02152]
116460873  SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform X1 [KO:K18211]
116461130  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
116461625  ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
116461733  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
116461898  [KO:K02151]
116462335  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c [KO:K02155]
116463885  [KO:K11824]
116463889  [KO:K11824]
116466738  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
116466739  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
116466938  ATP6V1A; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
116468828  STX3; syntaxin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
116468968  RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15291]
116469099  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 3 [KO:K02154]
116470438  SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05035]
116471180  STX1B; syntaxin-1B [KO:K08486]
116471389  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
116471712  SLC6A7; sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040]
116471860  ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
116471876  CPLX2; complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
116471914  CLTB; clathrin light chain B isoform X1 [KO:K04645]
116471978  [KO:K11825]
116472431  [KO:K02153]
116472500  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
116472501  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
116473041  SLC6A9; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
116473060  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit c'' [KO:K03661]
116473232  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
116473889  [KO:K02153]
116474318  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 [KO:K04646]
116474498  AP2B1; AP-2 complex subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11825]
116474566  SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter [KO:K05037]
116474867  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
116474994  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
116475055  UNC13B; protein unc-13 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
116475086  CLTA; clathrin light chain A isoform X1 [KO:K04644]
116475582  ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
116475684  STXBP1; syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15292]
116475712  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
116475947  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
116476357  SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05613]
116476426  SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
116477286  SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 [KO:K05038]
116477681  STX2; syntaxin-2 isoform X5 [KO:K08486]
116477722  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
116478057  SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
116478178  AP2A1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
116478192  SLC17A7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
116478281  NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296]
116478300  [KO:K11827]
116478459  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X2 [KO:K23484]
116478572  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X2 [KO:K04344]
116478607  SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617]
116478647  [KO:K02152]
116478676  UNC13A; protein unc-13 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
116478693  RAB3A; ras-related protein Rab-3A [KO:K07882]
116479046  SYT1; synaptotagmin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15290]
116479324  SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
116479892  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu [KO:K11826]
116480231  ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X2 [KO:K02148]
116481647  UNC13C; protein unc-13 homolog C [KO:K15293]
116481918  CPLX3; complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
116483068  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
116483115  ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
116484010  ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150]
116485159  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
116811353  [KO:K11825]
116811658  STX1A; syntaxin-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04560]
116812153  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 4 [KO:K02154]
116812669  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
116813296  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
116813494  ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
116814333  ATP6V1F; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
116814509  [KO:K02153]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
hmh04144  Endocytosis
hmh04724  Glutamatergic synapse
hmh04725  Cholinergic synapse
hmh04726  Serotonergic synapse
hmh04727  GABAergic synapse
hmh04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   

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