Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Hylobates moloch (silvery gibbon)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Hylobates moloch (silvery gibbon) [GN:
hmh ]
Gene
116458012 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X2 [KO:K09526 ]
116458061 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
116458627 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
116458816 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A isoform X1 [KO:K18466 ]
116459234 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12493 ]
116460816 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
116460937 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
116461722 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
116461957 CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K15053 ]
116462687 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
116462851 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
116466724 ARPC4; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05755 ]
116466758 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X6 [KO:K12495 ]
116467163 IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05068 ]
116467320 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X6 [KO:K12190 ]
116468491 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
116468563 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
116468849 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
116469156 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12486 ]
116469497 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X2 [KO:K12479 ]
116470687 CHMP1A; charged multivesicular body protein 1a isoform X2 [KO:K12197 ]
116471055 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
116471395 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
116471438 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
116471582 PSD2; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
116471641 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12490 ]
116471938 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
116472497 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
116473011 SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12486 ]
116473024 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
116473145 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X3 [KO:K12472 ]
116473584 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
116473685 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
116473761 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X4 [KO:K12494 ]
116473778 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
116474536 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
116474885 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
116475616 STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
116475653 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
116476284 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
116476648 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
116477187 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
116477753 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
116477937 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X2 [KO:K18467 ]
116478639 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
116479988 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
116480534 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488 ]
116480849 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K17848 ]
116482351 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X2 [KO:K23605 ]
116483033 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12484 ]
116483373 CHMP6; charged multivesicular body protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K12195 ]
116483649 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X1 [KO:K12182 ]
116484100 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
116484313 PSD; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
116484466 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
116809852 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
116810799 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
116811679 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
116811710 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
116812283 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 [KO:K12470 ]
116812772 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
116813013 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X4 [KO:K10365 ]
116813051 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K04393 ]
116813062 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X3 [KO:K12488 ]
116813095 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
116813216 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
116813594 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
116814303 WASL; actin nucleation-promoting factor WASL isoform X1 [KO:K23612 ]
116814543 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
hmh04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
hmh04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
hmh04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway