KEGG   PATHWAY: cann00940
Entry
cann00940                   Pathway                                
Name
Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis - Capsicum annuum (peppers)
Description
Phenylpropanoids are a group of plant secondary metabolites derived from phenylalanine and having a wide variety of functions both as structural and signaling molecules. Phenylalanine is first converted to cinnamic acid by deamination. It is followed by hydroxylation and frequent methylation to generate coumaric acid and other acids with a phenylpropane (C6-C3) unit. Reduction of the CoA-activated carboxyl groups of these acids results in the corresponding aldehydes and alcohols. The alcohols are called monolignols, the starting compounds for biosynthesis of lignin.
Class
Metabolism; Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Pathway map
cann00940  Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
cann00940

Module
cann_M00039  Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:cann00940]
cann_M00137  Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:cann00940]
Other DBs
GO: 0009699
Organism
Capsicum annuum (peppers) [GN:cann]
Gene
107854291  phenylalanine ammonia-lyase [KO:K10775] [EC:4.3.1.24]
107863937  phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1 [KO:K10775] [EC:4.3.1.24]
107871487  phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1 [KO:K10775] [EC:4.3.1.24]
107843092  phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-like [KO:K10775] [EC:4.3.1.24]
107875407  trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase-like [KO:K00487] [EC:1.14.14.91]
107868494  4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 9 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107862076  4-coumarate--CoA ligase 1 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107847568  probable CoA ligase CCL7 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107845437  4-coumarate--CoA ligase 2 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107860466  4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107862932  4-coumarate--CoA ligase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107877487  4-coumarate--CoA ligase 2 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107869755  4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 6 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107875995  4-coumarate--CoA ligase 2 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107862691  4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 9 [KO:K01904] [EC:6.2.1.12]
107853210  spermidine hydroxycinnamoyl transferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107861362  acyltransferase Pun1 [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107871738  spermidine hydroxycinnamoyl transferase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107877086  salutaridinol 7-O-acetyltransferase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107877492  stemmadenine O-acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107872217  stemmadenine O-acetyltransferase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107865823  vinorine synthase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107873863  acyltransferase Pun1-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107875625  agmatine coumaroyltransferase-2-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107876003  acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107877588  shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107879437  acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107879899  acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107848376  stemmadenine O-acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107849861  vinorine synthase-like [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107862050  shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107840863  shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107842304  acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107848842  acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107840069  acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107846800  stemmadenine O-acetyltransferase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107851795  vinorine synthase [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107846882  agmatine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase 1 [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107848097  agmatine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase 1 [KO:K13065] [EC:2.3.1.133]
107844023  cytochrome P450 98A2 [KO:K09754] [EC:1.14.14.96]
107844024  cytochrome P450 98A2 [KO:K09754] [EC:1.14.14.96]
107839366  cytochrome P450 98A2-like [KO:K09754] [EC:1.14.14.96]
107844025  cytochrome P450 98A3-like [KO:K09754] [EC:1.14.14.96]
107864034  caffeoylshikimate esterase isoform X1 [KO:K18368] [EC:3.1.1.-]
107861887  caffeoylshikimate esterase [KO:K18368] [EC:3.1.1.-]
107870261  caffeoylshikimate esterase [KO:K18368] [EC:3.1.1.-]
107858578  caffeoylshikimate esterase isoform X1 [KO:K18368] [EC:3.1.1.-]
107848284  caffeoylshikimate esterase [KO:K18368] [EC:3.1.1.-]
107840262  caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase 6 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107853336  probable caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase At4g26220 isoform X1 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107869814  probable caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase At4g26220 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107860278  caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107860279  caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107868226  probable caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase At4g26220 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107868228  probable caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase At4g26220 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107868231  probable caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase At4g26220 [KO:K00588] [EC:2.1.1.104]
107878814  cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 [KO:K09753] [EC:1.2.1.44]
107861981  cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 [KO:K09753] [EC:1.2.1.44]
107861980  cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1-like [KO:K09753] [EC:1.2.1.44]
107876017  cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09753] [EC:1.2.1.44]
107841038  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 2 member C4-like [KO:K12355] [EC:1.2.1.68]
107841040  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-like [KO:K12355] [EC:1.2.1.68]
107859914  cytochrome P450 84A1 [KO:K09755] [EC:1.14.-.-]
107862991  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
107874582  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
107875336  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
107874581  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase-like [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
107873006  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
107845577  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
124893919  caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase [KO:K13066] [EC:2.1.1.68 2.1.1.4]
107840223  probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 1 [KO:K00083] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107851230  probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 1 [KO:K00083] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107858423  probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 6 [KO:K00083] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107861101  probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K00083] [EC:1.1.1.195]
124891464  probable cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 6 [KO:K00083] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107853838  berberine bridge enzyme-like 13 [KO:K22395] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107859012  berberine bridge enzyme-like 15 [KO:K22395] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107859014  berberine bridge enzyme-like 15 [KO:K22395] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107859058  berberine bridge enzyme-like 13 [KO:K22395] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107863085  berberine bridge enzyme-like 15 [KO:K22395] [EC:1.1.1.195]
107848474  1-Cys peroxiredoxin [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
107852267  peroxidase 5-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860606  peroxidase 63 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107861812  putative Peroxidase 48 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107872526  cationic peroxidase 1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107872642  peroxidase 5 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107854094  suberization-associated anionic peroxidase 2 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107852745  peroxidase 11 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107855938  peroxidase 5 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107856092  peroxidase 45 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107853405  peroxidase 9 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107854529  peroxidase 60 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107868170  peroxidase 72 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107877215  peroxidase 3 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107877245  peroxidase 27 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107877246  peroxidase 27 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107877264  peroxidase 3 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107874082  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107874093  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107874527  peroxidase N [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107853865  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107853869  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107852613  peroxidase 15 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860047  putative Peroxidase 48 isoform X1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107861283  peroxidase 7 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107861303  peroxidase 64 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860206  peroxidase 51 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107863896  peroxidase 44 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107871376  peroxidase 5 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860012  peroxidase 72 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860013  peroxidase 49 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107861195  peroxidase 19 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107867617  peroxidase 12 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107867619  peroxidase 12 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107869386  peroxidase 64 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107850917  peroxidase 41 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860325  peroxidase 10 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107865010  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107867709  peroxidase 43 isoform X1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107869901  peroxidase 40 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107840010  peroxidase 43 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107878262  peroxidase 3 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107851630  peroxidase 17 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107863356  peroxidase 66 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107874883  peroxidase 41 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107875418  cationic peroxidase 1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107840318  peroxidase 10 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107840027  peroxidase N1-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107841822  peroxidase 44 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107847017  peroxidase 44-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107847025  peroxidase 6 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107849622  peroxidase 46 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107871140  peroxidase P7 precursor [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107857270  probable peroxidase 26 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107859584  peroxidase 42 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107841908  peroxidase 27 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107866097  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase-like precursor [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107849754  peroxidase 64 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860938  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107866093  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107866094  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107866095  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107866096  lignin-forming anionic peroxidase [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107844720  peroxidase A2 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107844773  cationic peroxidase 1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107843551  peroxidase 21 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860772  peroxidase 55 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860773  peroxidase 16 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107863246  peroxidase P7 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107867212  peroxidase 47 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107844910  peroxidase 2-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107859813  peroxidase 64 isoform X1 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107838724  peroxidase 57 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107842218  peroxidase 21 [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
124897629  suberization-associated anionic peroxidase-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107844563  peroxidase 21-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860014  peroxidase 72-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107860974  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: peroxidase 25-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107868171  peroxidase 72-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
124885353  peroxidase 64-like [KO:K00430] [EC:1.11.1.7]
107854671  anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase 5 [KO:K12356] [EC:2.4.1.111]
107861323  anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase 5 [KO:K12356] [EC:2.4.1.111]
Compound
C00079  L-Phenylalanine
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00223  p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C00315  Spermidine
C00323  Caffeoyl-CoA
C00406  Feruloyl-CoA
C00411  Sinapoyl-CoA
C00423  trans-Cinnamate
C00482  Sinapate
C00540  Cinnamoyl-CoA
C00590  Coniferyl alcohol
C00761  Coniferin
C00811  4-Coumarate
C00852  Chlorogenate
C00903  Cinnamaldehyde
C00933  Sinapine
C01175  1-O-Sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose
C01197  Caffeate
C01494  Ferulate
C01533  Syringin
C02325  Sinapyl alcohol
C02646  4-Coumaryl alcohol
C02666  Coniferyl aldehyde
C02887  Sinapoyl malate
C02947  4-Coumaroylshikimate
C04366  3-(2-Carboxyethenyl)-cis,cis-muconate
C05608  4-Hydroxycinnamyl aldehyde
C05610  Sinapoyl aldehyde
C05619  5-Hydroxyferulic acid
C05627  4-Hydroxystyrene
C05855  4-Hydroxycinnamyl alcohol 4-D-glucoside
C06224  3,4-Dihydroxystyrene
C10428  Anethole
C10434  5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid
C10452  Estragole
C10453  Eugenol
C10454  Methyleugenol
C10469  Isoeugenol
C10478  Methylisoeugenol
C10945  Caffeic aldehyde
C12203  5-Hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
C12204  5-Hydroxyconiferaldehyde
C12205  5-Hydroxyconiferyl alcohol
C12206  Caffeyl alcohol
C12208  p-Coumaroyl quinic acid
C15804  p-Hydroxyphenyl lignin
C15805  Guaiacyl lignin
C15806  Syringyl lignin
C15807  5-Hydroxy-guaiacyl lignin
C16930  Chavicol
C18069  N1,N5,N10-Tricoumaroyl spermidine
C18070  N1,N5,N10-Tricaffeoyl spermidine
C18071  N1,N5,N10-Triferuloyl spermidine
C18072  N1,N5,N10-Tri(hydroxyferuloyl) spermidine
C18073  N1,N5-Di(hydroxyferuloyl)-N10-sinapoyl spermidine
C20225  Coniferyl acetate
C20464  Isochavicol
C20465  Coumaryl acetate
Reference
  Authors
Nair RB, Bastress KL, Ruegger MO, Denault JW, Chapple C.
  Title
The Arabidopsis thaliana REDUCED EPIDERMAL FLUORESCENCE1 gene encodes an aldehyde dehydrogenase involved in ferulic acid and sinapic acid biosynthesis.
  Journal
Plant Cell 16:544-54 (2004)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.017509
Reference
  Authors
Baucher M, Halpin C, Petit-Conil M, Boerjan W.
  Title
Lignin: genetic engineering and impact on pulping.
  Journal
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 38:305-50 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/10409230391036757
Reference
  Authors
Rogers LA, Dubos C, Cullis IF, Surman C, Poole M, Willment J, Mansfield SD, Campbell MM.
  Title
Light, the circadian clock, and sugar perception in the control of lignin biosynthesis.
  Journal
J Exp Bot 56:1651-63 (2005)
DOI:10.1093/jxb/eri162
Reference
  Authors
Whetten R, Sederoff R.
  Title
Lignin Biosynthesis.
  Journal
Plant Cell 7:1001-1013 (1995)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.7.7.1001
Reference
PMID:8972602
  Authors
Lorenzen M, Racicot V, Strack D, Chapple C.
  Title
Sinapic acid ester metabolism in wild type and a sinapoylglucose-accumulating mutant of arabidopsis.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 112:1625-30 (1996)
DOI:10.1104/pp.112.4.1625
Reference
PMID:1477555
  Authors
Chapple CC, Vogt T, Ellis BE, Somerville CR.
  Title
An Arabidopsis mutant defective in the general phenylpropanoid pathway.
  Journal
Plant Cell 4:1413-24 (1992)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.4.11.1413
Reference
  Authors
Raes J, Rohde A, Christensen JH, Van de Peer Y, Boerjan W.
  Title
Genome-wide characterization of the lignification toolbox in Arabidopsis.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 133:1051-71 (2003)
DOI:10.1104/pp.103.026484
Reference
  Authors
Costa MA, Collins RE, Anterola AM, Cochrane FC, Davin LB, Lewis NG.
  Title
An in silico assessment of gene function and organization of the phenylpropanoid pathway metabolic networks in Arabidopsis thaliana and limitations thereof.
  Journal
Phytochemistry 64:1097-112 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00517-X
Reference
  Authors
Meyermans H, Morreel K, Lapierre C, Pollet B, De Bruyn A, Busson R, Herdewijn P, Devreese B, Van Beeumen J, Marita JM, Ralph J, Chen C, Burggraeve B, Van Montagu M, Messens E, Boerjan W.
  Title
Modifications in lignin and accumulation of phenolic glucosides in poplar xylem upon down-regulation of caffeoyl-coenzyme A O-methyltransferase, an enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:36899-909 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M006915200
Reference
  Authors
Gachon CM, Langlois-Meurinne M, Henry Y, Saindrenan P.
  Title
Transcriptional co-regulation of secondary metabolism enzymes in Arabidopsis: functional and evolutionary implications.
  Journal
Plant Mol Biol 58:229-45 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s11103-005-5346-5
Reference
  Authors
Li L, Popko JL, Umezawa T, Chiang VL.
  Title
5-hydroxyconiferyl aldehyde modulates enzymatic methylation for syringyl monolignol formation, a new view of monolignol biosynthesis in angiosperms.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:6537-45 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.9.6537
Reference
  Authors
Yamauchi K, Yasuda S, Fukushima K.
  Title
Evidence for the biosynthetic pathway from sinapic acid to syringyl lignin using labeled sinapic acid with stable isotope at both methoxy groups in Robinia pseudoacacia and Nerium indicum.
  Journal
J Agric Food Chem 50:3222-7 (2002)
DOI:10.1021/jf011565x
Reference
  Authors
Eckardt NA.
  Title
Probing the mysteries of lignin biosynthesis: the crystal structure of caffeic acid/5-hydroxyferulic acid 3/5-O-methyltransferase provides new insights.
  Journal
Plant Cell 14:1185-9 (2002)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.140610
Related
pathway
cann00130  Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis
cann00400  Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
cann00941  Flavonoid biosynthesis
cann00945  Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis
KO pathway
ko00940   
LinkDB

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