PATHWAY: cqi00020 Help
Entry
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:
M00009 ], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:
M00010 M00011 ].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Module
cqi_M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:cqi00020 ]
Other DBs
Organism
Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) [GN:
cqi ]
Gene
110727239 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00030 ] [EC:1.1.1.41 ]
110687388 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
110731316 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
110736916 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110682479 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110685786 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110681710 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110717784 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110740304 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110711834 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
110702017 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
110687516 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
110703927 pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00162 ] [EC:1.2.4.1 ]
110739002 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110713887 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110719476 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110720264 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110721396 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110725269 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 5 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110714576 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 5 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
110691230 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
Compound
C05125 2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05381 3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972 Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973 Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
Authors
Michal G.
Title
Biochemical Pathways
Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related pathway
cqi00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
cqi00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
cqi00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
cqi00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs