KEGG   PATHWAY: dnm00020
Entry
dnm00020                    Pathway                                
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:M00009], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:M00010 M00011].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
Pathway map
dnm00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
dnm00020

Module
dnm_M00003  Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:dnm00020]
dnm_M00009  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:dnm00020]
dnm_M00010  Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:dnm00020]
dnm_M00011  Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:dnm00020]
dnm_M00307  Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:dnm00020]
Other DBs
GO: 0006099
Organism
Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo) [GN:dnm]
Gene
101429673  CS; citrate synthase, mitochondrial [KO:K01647] [EC:2.3.3.1]
101433265  ACLY; ATP-citrate synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01648] [EC:2.3.3.8]
101412383  ACO1; cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase isoform X1 [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
101413706  ACO2; aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
101442161  IDH1; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
101430601  IDH2; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
101427710  IDH3G; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
105746248  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
101415865  IDH3A; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
101434101  IDH3B; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
101414634  OGDH; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00164] [EC:1.2.4.2]
101432160  OGDHL; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase-like, mitochondrial [KO:K00164] [EC:1.2.4.2]
101425936  DLST; dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00658] [EC:2.3.1.61]
101436011  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
101422804  SUCLG1; succinate--CoA ligase [ADP/GDP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K01899] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
101440407  SUCLG2; succinate--CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K01900] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
101445579  SUCLA2; succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K01900] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
101415994  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
101414828  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
101443113  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00236]
101424472  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236]
101436746  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00237]
101435630  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00237]
101432773  FH; fumarate hydratase, mitochondrial [KO:K01679] [EC:4.2.1.2]
101418646  MDH1; malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
101422462  MDH2; malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
101422458  PC; pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K01958] [EC:6.4.1.1]
101435185  PCK2; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
101424098  PCK1; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
101433940  PDHA1; pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
101428548  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
101418524  PDHB; pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
101423196  DLAT; dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
Compound
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00036  Oxaloacetate
C00042  Succinate
C00068  Thiamin diphosphate
C00074  Phosphoenolpyruvate
C00091  Succinyl-CoA
C00122  Fumarate
C00149  (S)-Malate
C00158  Citrate
C00311  Isocitrate
C00417  cis-Aconitate
C05125  2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05379  Oxalosuccinate
C05381  3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972  Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973  Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254  [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255  [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
  Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
  Authors
Michal G.
  Title
Biochemical Pathways
  Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related
pathway
dnm00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
dnm00053  Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
dnm00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
dnm00062  Fatty acid elongation
dnm00071  Fatty acid degradation
dnm00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
dnm00220  Arginine biosynthesis
dnm00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
dnm00280  Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
dnm00350  Tyrosine metabolism
dnm00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
dnm00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
ko00020   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system