PATHWAY: lper00020 Help
Entry
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:
M00009 ], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:
M00010 M00011 ].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Module
Other DBs
Organism
Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) [GN:
lper ]
Gene
127335267 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00030 ] [EC:1.1.1.41 ]
127293788 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
127331040 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
127292611 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
127314355 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
127333291 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
127333663 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236 ]
127316842 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 4, mitochondrial-like [KO:K25801 ]
127345580 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 4, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K25801 ]
127316572 pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00162 ] [EC:1.2.4.1 ]
127311683 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 3 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
127314779 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
127299644 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 5 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
127301325 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
127301735 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
127308977 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
Compound
C05125 2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05381 3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972 Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973 Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
Authors
Michal G.
Title
Biochemical Pathways
Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related pathway
lper00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
lper00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
lper00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs