KEGG   PATHWAY: pdul00480
Entry
pdul00480                   Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Prunus dulcis (almond)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
pdul00480  Glutathione metabolism
pdul00480

Module
pdul_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pdul00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Prunus dulcis (almond) [GN:pdul]
Gene
117631316  glutathione hydrolase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
117633864  glutathione hydrolase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
117621777  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-1-like [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
117638595  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-3 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
117618716  5-oxoprolinase [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
117628997  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
117627551  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
117631066  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
117633457  leucine aminopeptidase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
117627233  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase isoform X1 [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
117616185  glutathione S-transferase U10-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117628281  glutathione S-transferase U10-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117628298  glutathione S-transferase F13-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117617041  protein IN2-1 homolog B-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117617104  glutathione transferase GST 23-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117628633  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117628652  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117628717  glutathione S-transferase U10-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618591  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618601  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618610  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618617  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618625  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618719  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117618851  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117630521  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117620331  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117620579  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117620651  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117631416  glutathione S-transferase U8-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117631460  probable glutathione S-transferase parA [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117632714  glutathione S-transferase L3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117622133  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117622403  glutathione S-transferase F12-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117622721  glutathione S-transferase F9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117622722  glutathione S-transferase F9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117622967  glutathione S-transferase F9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117623903  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612137  glutathione S-transferase F13-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612260  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612261  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612262  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612263  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612266  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612267  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612268  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117612603  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117613854  glutathione S-transferase U17-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117624816  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117624919  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117625272  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117614587  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626284  probable glutathione S-transferase isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626285  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626288  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626289  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626290  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626291  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626292  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117626294  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117636911  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117615221  probable glutathione S-transferase parA isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117627026  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117627027  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117627156  glutathione S-transferase T1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117615938  glutathione S-transferase U17-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117627195  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117638689  glutathione S-transferase APIC-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
117619943  glutathione S-transferase DHAR2-like isoform X1 [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
117622957  glutathione S-transferase DHAR3, chloroplastic [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
117616721  glutathione reductase, cytosolic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
117637495  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
117621366  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
117622886  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
117626571  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like isoform X1 [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
117627922  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
117620896  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 2 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
117631556  inactive glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 4, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
117621317  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 6, cytoplasmic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
117622286  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
117614745  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
117628171  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
117628547  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
117629406  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
117630315  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
117615288  phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
117627149  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
117614981  1-Cys peroxiredoxin-like [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
117627585  1-Cys peroxiredoxin-like [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
117638855  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
117629102  spermidine synthase 2-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
117629912  spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
117618615  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
117629757  L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117630724  L-ascorbate peroxidase 2, cytosolic isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117636035  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117636036  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117613978  probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 6, chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117614320  putative L-ascorbate peroxidase 6 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117637594  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
117631781  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit isoform X1 [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
117622736  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
117638346  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain A isoform X1 [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
pdul00220  Arginine biosynthesis
pdul00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
pdul00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
pdul00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
pdul00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   
LinkDB

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