KEGG   PATHWAY: thj00020
Entry
thj00020                    Pathway                                
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Tarenaya hassleriana (spider flower)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:M00009], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:M00010 M00011].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
Pathway map
thj00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
thj00020

Module
thj_M00003  Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:thj00020]
thj_M00010  Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:thj00020]
thj_M00307  Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:thj00020]
Other DBs
GO: 0006099
Organism
Tarenaya hassleriana (spider flower) [GN:thj]
Gene
104802267  citrate synthase 3, peroxisomal [KO:K01647] [EC:2.3.3.1]
104803095  citrate synthase 2, peroxisomal [KO:K01647] [EC:2.3.3.1]
104817150  citrate synthase 4, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01647] [EC:2.3.3.1]
104816846  ATP-citrate synthase alpha chain protein 3 [KO:K01648] [EC:2.3.3.8]
104818883  ATP-citrate synthase beta chain protein 2 [KO:K01648] [EC:2.3.3.8]
104819384  ATP-citrate synthase alpha chain protein 1 [KO:K01648] [EC:2.3.3.8]
104808872  aconitate hydratase, cytoplasmic [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
104806229  aconitate hydratase 1-like [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
104804279  aconitate hydratase 1 [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
104805654  cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
104822121  cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
104823828  cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
104822397  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
104807399  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
104807435  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
104826907  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] catalytic subunit 5, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
104816340  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] catalytic subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
104823237  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] catalytic subunit 5, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
104819681  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
104798368  2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00164] [EC:1.2.4.2]
104807485  2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00164] [EC:1.2.4.2]
104813428  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658] [EC:2.3.1.61]
104818702  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658] [EC:2.3.1.61]
104811617  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00658] [EC:2.3.1.61]
104820298  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104820322  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104821792  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104818858  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104818374  succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit alpha-1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K01899] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
104819374  succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit alpha-1, mitochondrial [KO:K01899] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
104804042  succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K01900] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
104820071  succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K01900] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
104821278  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
104819221  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
104805354  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
104819308  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
104824570  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
104799736  succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-1, mitochondrial-like isoform X2 [KO:K00236]
104802185  fumarate hydratase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K01679] [EC:4.2.1.2]
104808620  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic 2-like [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104806834  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform X1 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104801085  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104826085  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104807857  probable malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104799628  malate dehydrogenase 2, glyoxysomal-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104804850  malate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104821420  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104818455  malate dehydrogenase 2, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104815567  malate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
104798690  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP]-like [KO:K01610] [EC:4.1.1.49]
104824928  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP] [KO:K01610] [EC:4.1.1.49]
104808849  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha-2, mitochondrial [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104801350  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha-3, chloroplastic [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104825902  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha-3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104822067  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha-2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104819639  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha-1, mitochondrial [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104808262  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-1, mitochondrial [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104814305  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104812671  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-3, chloroplastic [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104825031  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-1, mitochondrial [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104825476  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
104810360  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
104805952  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
104813373  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 5 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
104825703  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
104823502  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
104822773  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
Compound
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00036  Oxaloacetate
C00042  Succinate
C00068  Thiamin diphosphate
C00074  Phosphoenolpyruvate
C00091  Succinyl-CoA
C00122  Fumarate
C00149  (S)-Malate
C00158  Citrate
C00311  Isocitrate
C00417  cis-Aconitate
C05125  2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05379  Oxalosuccinate
C05381  3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972  Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973  Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254  [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255  [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
  Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
  Authors
Michal G.
  Title
Biochemical Pathways
  Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related
pathway
thj00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
thj00053  Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
thj00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
thj00062  Fatty acid elongation
thj00071  Fatty acid degradation
thj00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
thj00220  Arginine biosynthesis
thj00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
thj00280  Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
thj00350  Tyrosine metabolism
thj00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
thj00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
ko00020   
LinkDB

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