KEGG   PATHWAY: twl00480
Entry
twl00480                    Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Tripterygium wilfordii (thunder duke vine)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
twl00480  Glutathione metabolism
twl00480

Module
twl_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:twl00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Tripterygium wilfordii (thunder duke vine) [GN:twl]
Gene
119987646  glutathione hydrolase 1-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
119993863  glutathione hydrolase 3 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
120006465  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-2 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
119996263  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-2-like [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
120010594  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-3 isoform X1 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
120010780  5-oxoprolinase [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
119981379  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
119986864  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
120009293  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
119997435  leucine aminopeptidase 1-like [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
119987213  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
120016068  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
119987202  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119987230  glutathione S-transferase F11-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119987741  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119987750  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119999405  glutathione S-transferase U17-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119999406  glutathione S-transferase U17-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119999407  glutathione S-transferase U17-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120011667  glutathione S-transferase U8-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120012216  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120012619  glutathione S-transferase L3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120001106  glutathione S-transferase F11-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120013828  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120003490  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120003491  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119979783  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119979792  glutathione S-transferase U7-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119991530  uncharacterized protein LOC119991530 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120004309  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120004365  glutathione S-transferase 3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120004366  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120004367  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120004368  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120004384  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119981489  protein IN2-1 homolog B-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982304  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982306  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982427  glutathione S-transferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982428  glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982523  glutathione S-transferase U8-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982559  glutathione S-transferase F13-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982564  glutathione S-transferase F9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119982746  probable glutathione S-transferase parA [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119983078  glutathione S-transferase F13-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119983079  glutathione S-transferase F13-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119983348  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119984174  glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120007176  glutathione S-transferase L3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120007313  glutathione S-transferase L3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120010217  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120010218  glutathione transferase GST 23-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119986532  glutathione S-transferase T1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119986858  glutathione S-transferase T1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119987030  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
119998814  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
120012094  glutathione S-transferase DHAR3, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
119989506  glutathione S-transferase DHAR2-like [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
119989527  glutathione S-transferase DHAR3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
119980794  glutathione S-transferase DHAR2-like [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
120014370  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
120007672  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
119998486  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
119987666  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
119999753  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic/mitochondrial-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
119990235  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
119991995  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
119998084  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
119987312  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
120016458  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
120016678  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
119996727  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 2-like [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
120000208  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
120000248  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
120001120  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 6, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
120009737  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 6, cytoplasmic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
120010710  inactive glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 4, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
119987221  probable glutathione peroxidase 8 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
120003446  probable glutathione peroxidase 4 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
119980989  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
120005177  probable glutathione peroxidase 2 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
119997232  phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
119985513  probable glutathione peroxidase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
119986618  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
119986636  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
120015686  1-Cys peroxiredoxin [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
120008841  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
120008842  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
120008944  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
120010461  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
119999707  spermidine synthase 1-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
119983368  spermine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
120007721  spermidine synthase-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
119985900  spermine synthase-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
119999310  spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
119989178  L-ascorbate peroxidase 2, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
120013531  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
120002798  L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
119979903  L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
120015397  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
119993665  uncharacterized protein LOC119993665 isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
119996455  putative L-ascorbate peroxidase 6 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
119997328  probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 6, chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
119992100  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
120008415  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit-like isoform X1 [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
120013504  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain A [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
119996208  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
119996356  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain-like [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
twl00220  Arginine biosynthesis
twl00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
twl00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
twl00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
twl00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   
LinkDB

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