KEGG   PATHWAY: vcd00020
Entry
vcd00020                    Pathway                                
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Vanessa cardui (painted lady)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:M00009], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:M00010 M00011].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
Pathway map
vcd00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
vcd00020

Module
vcd_M00003  Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:vcd00020]
vcd_M00009  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:vcd00020]
vcd_M00010  Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:vcd00020]
vcd_M00011  Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:vcd00020]
vcd_M00307  Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:vcd00020]
Other DBs
GO: 0006099
Organism
Vanessa cardui (painted lady) [GN:vcd]
Gene
124542904  probable citrate synthase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K01647] [EC:2.3.3.1]
124541544  ATP-citrate synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01648] [EC:2.3.3.8]
124542179  cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase-like [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
124529652  probable aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial [KO:K01681] [EC:4.2.1.3]
124537665  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
124533583  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
124541974  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
124534593  probable isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
124539726  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00030] [EC:1.1.1.41]
124530285  2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00164] [EC:1.2.4.2]
124532621  2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00164] [EC:1.2.4.2]
124538559  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658] [EC:2.3.1.61]
124541452  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00658] [EC:2.3.1.61]
124530163  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
124538729  succinate--CoA ligase [ADP/GDP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K01899] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
124542492  succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K01900] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
124538851  succinate--CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K01900] [EC:6.2.1.4 6.2.1.5]
124536720  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
124542840  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
124542834  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit-like [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
124539697  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
124542844  succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236]
124543405  succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00236]
124538502  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00237]
124534298  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00237]
124535592  fumarate hydratase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K01679] [EC:4.2.1.2]
124531884  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform X1 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124536980  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124544336  malate dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124544483  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124532167  malate dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124532768  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124534363  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
124535507  pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01958] [EC:6.4.1.1]
124540011  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP]-like [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
124537847  probable pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
124535268  pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
124536761  dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00627] [EC:2.3.1.12]
Compound
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00036  Oxaloacetate
C00042  Succinate
C00068  Thiamin diphosphate
C00074  Phosphoenolpyruvate
C00091  Succinyl-CoA
C00122  Fumarate
C00149  (S)-Malate
C00158  Citrate
C00311  Isocitrate
C00417  cis-Aconitate
C05125  2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05379  Oxalosuccinate
C05381  3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972  Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973  Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254  [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255  [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
  Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
  Authors
Michal G.
  Title
Biochemical Pathways
  Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related
pathway
vcd00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
vcd00053  Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
vcd00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
vcd00062  Fatty acid elongation
vcd00071  Fatty acid degradation
vcd00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
vcd00220  Arginine biosynthesis
vcd00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
vcd00280  Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
vcd00350  Tyrosine metabolism
vcd00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
vcd00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
ko00020   
LinkDB

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