KEGG   PATHWAY: ppam04510
Entry
ppam04510                   Pathway                                
Name
Focal adhesion - Pteronotus mesoamericanus (Parnell's mustached bat)
Description
Cell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the cell-extracellular matrix contact points, specialized structures are formed and termed focal adhesions, where bundles of actin filaments are anchored to transmembrane receptors of the integrin family through a multi-molecular complex of junctional plaque proteins. Some of the constituents of focal adhesions participate in the structural link between membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, while others are signalling molecules, including different protein kinases and phosphatases, their substrates, and various adapter proteins. Integrin signaling is dependent upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase activities of the FAK and src proteins as well as the adaptor protein functions of FAK, src and Shc to initiate downstream signaling events. These signalling events culminate in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton; a prerequisite for changes in cell shape and motility, and gene expression. Similar morphological alterations and modulation of gene expression are initiated by the binding of growth factors to their respective receptors, emphasizing the considerable crosstalk between adhesion- and growth factor-mediated signalling.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - eukaryotes
Pathway map
ppam04510  Focal adhesion
ppam04510

Other DBs
GO: 0005925
Organism
Pteronotus mesoamericanus (Parnell's mustached bat) [GN:ppam]
Gene
129062886  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain [KO:K06236]
129080225  COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain [KO:K06236]
129084680  COL2A1; collagen alpha-1(II) chain [KO:K19719]
129076186  COL4A5; collagen alpha-5(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
129076222  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-6(IV) chain-like [KO:K06237]
129071213  COL4A2; collagen alpha-2(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
129071214  COL4A1; collagen alpha-1(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
129080301  COL4A3; collagen alpha-3(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
129080303  COL4A4; collagen alpha-4(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
129088374  COL6A5; collagen alpha-5(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
129088409  COL6A6; collagen alpha-6(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
129068799  COL6A3; collagen alpha-3(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
129075246  COL6A1; collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
129075254  COL6A2; collagen alpha-2(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
129087914  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-4(VI) chain-like [KO:K06238]
129069072  COL9A2; collagen alpha-2(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
129073878  COL9A3; collagen alpha-3(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
129067564  COL9A1; collagen alpha-1(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
129081686  LAMA1; laminin subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05637]
129067768  LAMA2; laminin subunit alpha-2 [KO:K05637]
129078645  LAMA3; laminin subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06240]
129073871  LAMA5; laminin subunit alpha-5 [KO:K06240]
129067709  LAMA4; laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06241]
129063288  LAMB1; laminin subunit beta-1 [KO:K05636]
129087768  LAMB2; laminin subunit beta-2 [KO:K06243]
129062332  LAMB3; laminin subunit beta-3 [KO:K06244]
129063394  LAMB4; laminin subunit beta-4 [KO:K06245]
129081987  LAMC1; laminin subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05635]
129081875  LAMC2; laminin subunit gamma-2 [KO:K06246]
129079570  LAMC3; laminin subunit gamma-3 [KO:K06247]
129080141  CHAD; chondroadherin [KO:K06248]
129063060  RELN; reelin isoform X1 [KO:K06249] [EC:3.4.21.-]
129064365  THBS1; thrombospondin-1 [KO:K16857]
129074855  COMP; cartilage oligomeric matrix protein isoform X1 [KO:K04659]
129062329  THBS3; thrombospondin-3 [KO:K04659]
129074648  THBS4; thrombospondin-4 [KO:K04659]
129087898  THBS2; thrombospondin-2 [KO:K04659]
129080366  FN1; fibronectin isoform X1 [KO:K05717]
129085194  SPP1; osteopontin [KO:K06250]
129070293  VTN; vitronectin [KO:K06251]
129081861  TNN; tenascin-N [KO:K06252]
129081897  TNR; tenascin-R [KO:K06252]
129079622  TNC; tenascin [KO:K06252]
129067337  TNXB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tenascin-X [KO:K06252]
129071415  VWF; von Willebrand factor [KO:K03900]
129085197  IBSP; bone sialoprotein 2 [KO:K06253]
129071984  ITGA1; integrin alpha-1 [KO:K06480]
129071985  ITGA2; integrin alpha-2 [KO:K06481]
129086601  ITGA2B; integrin alpha-IIb [KO:K06476]
129080131  ITGA3; integrin alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06482]
129061652  ITGA4; integrin alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06483]
129084791  ITGA5; integrin alpha-5 [KO:K06484]
129061843  ITGA6; integrin alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K06485]
129084786  ITGA7; integrin alpha-7 isoform X1 [KO:K06583]
129086739  ITGA8; integrin alpha-8 [KO:K06584]
129088223  ITGA9; integrin alpha-9 [KO:K06585]
129062200  ITGA10; integrin alpha-10 isoform X1 [KO:K06586]
129063240  ITGA11; integrin alpha-11 [KO:K06587]
129061828  ITGAV; integrin alpha-V isoform X1 [KO:K06487]
129077762  ITGB1; integrin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05719]
129071582  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06493]
129086641  ITGB4; integrin beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06525]
129071820  ITGB5; integrin beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K06588]
129061630  ITGB6; integrin beta-6 isoform X1 [KO:K06589]
129084815  ITGB7; integrin beta-7 [KO:K06590]
129063424  ITGB8; integrin beta-8 [KO:K06591]
129083675  EMP2; epithelial membrane protein 2 [KO:K26256]
129065324  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359]
129077932  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [KO:K17386]
129072575  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C [KO:K05450]
129086014  PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05450]
129085287  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K04357]
129071377  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X1 [KO:K05459]
129067485  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A [KO:K05448]
129068614  VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858]
129065733  PGF; placenta growth factor [KO:K16859]
129076969  VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D [KO:K05449]
129064900  VEGFC; vascular endothelial growth factor C [KO:K05449]
129063396  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor [KO:K05460]
129077631  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129066549  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129061268  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129077642  KDR; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 [KO:K05098] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129068919  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129071112  vascular endothelial growth factor receptor kdr-like [KO:K05096] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129073492  FLT1; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 [KO:K05096] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129064979  FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 [KO:K05097] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129063382  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129087036  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129085007  EMP1; epithelial membrane protein 1 [KO:K26255]
129070719  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
129082880  ARHGAP35; rho GTPase-activating protein 35 [KO:K05732]
129074190  ARHGAP5; rho GTPase-activating protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K13709]
129085967  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming protein RhoA-like [KO:K04513]
129087688  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
129074464  transforming protein RhoA-like isoform X1 [KO:K04513]
129066596  DIAPH1; protein diaphanous homolog 1 [KO:K05740]
129078629  ROCK1; rho-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129067577  ROCK2; rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17388] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129087184  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
129068868  MYL7; myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform [KO:K12754]
129083566  myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9-like isoform X1 [KO:K12755]
129070464  MYL9; myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12755]
129083333  MYL10; myosin regulatory light chain 10 [KO:K12756]
129068771  myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9-like [KO:K12757]
129076246  myosin regulatory light chain 12B [KO:K12757]
129078611  myosin regulatory light chain 12B [KO:K12757]
129078613  myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 isoform X1 [KO:K12757]
129074248  myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9-like [KO:K12757]
129078047  MYL11; myosin regulatory light chain 11 [KO:K12758]
129068538  PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
129066652  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
129087372  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
129075912  PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270]
129072927  PPP1R12B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12B isoform X1 [KO:K12329]
129082609  PPP1R12C; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12C isoform X1 [KO:K17457]
129070789  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
129071824  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
129085550  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
129068186  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
129062286  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
129078278  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
129074299  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
129069129  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
129086550  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
129082621  RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 [KO:K04349]
129072993  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
129083237  ACTN4; alpha-actinin-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05699]
129065941  ACTN1; alpha-actinin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05699]
129064198  TLN2; talin-2 [KO:K06271]
129079428  TLN1; talin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06271]
129074368  FLNA; filamin-A isoform X1 [KO:K04437]
129088098  FLNB; filamin-B isoform X1 [KO:K27392]
129087393  PXN; paxillin isoform X1 [KO:K05760]
129076407  ILK; integrin-linked protein kinase [KO:K06272] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129063036  ZYX; zyxin [KO:K06273]
129082864  VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein isoform X1 [KO:K06274]
129069862  VCL; vinculin isoform X1 [KO:K05700]
129077890  PARVB; beta-parvin [KO:K06275]
129077960  PARVG; gamma-parvin [KO:K06275]
129080551  PARVA; alpha-parvin [KO:K06275]
129083615  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129076641  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129066231  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129073033  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129069640  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
129088214  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02105]
129070225  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129076731  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129081586  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129084348  PTK2; focal adhesion kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05725] [EC:2.7.10.2]
129075675  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
129076577  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
129088291  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
129074969  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
129069407  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
129074590  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
129069750  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
129063824  VAV3; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 [KO:K05730]
129079163  VAV2; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 isoform X1 [KO:K05730]
129061383  VAV1; proto-oncogene vav isoform X1 [KO:K05730]
129078413  ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1-like [KO:K04392]
129068140  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392]
129071250  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860]
129086649  RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861]
129072772  PAK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 [KO:K04409] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129071792  PAK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 [KO:K04410] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129073649  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2-like [KO:K04410] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129076178  PAK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129076651  PAK4; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05734] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129070859  PAK5; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05736] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129064359  PAK6; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 6 [KO:K05735] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129069153  CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393]
129075188  BCAR1; breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05726]
129070345  CRK; adapter molecule crk isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
129086337  CRKL; crk-like protein [KO:K04438]
129077259  DOCK1; dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1 [KO:K13708]
129079197  RAPGEF1; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06277]
129063844  RAP1A; ras-related protein Rap-1A [KO:K04353]
129075864  RAP1B; ras-related protein Rap-1b [KO:K07836]
129069687  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129065007  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129085376  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129070771  JUN; transcription factor Jun [KO:K04448]
129062984  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129063310  CAV1; caveolin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06278]
129062965  CAV2; caveolin-2 [KO:K12958]
129088407  CAV3; caveolin-3 [KO:K12959]
129067708  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn isoform X1 [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
129062405  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 [KO:K06279]
129072430  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447]
129082357  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
129064266  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
129086587  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
129064134  son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
129066034  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
129073113  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
129088423  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129064157  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
129078069  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129086248  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129065226  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375]
129068523  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
129074231  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
129067448  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
129085864  BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 [KO:K16060]
129085986  BIRC2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
129073352  XIAP; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
129068612  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
129078764  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
Compound
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
  Authors
Berman AE, Kozlova NI, Morozevich GE.
  Title
Integrins: structure and signaling.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 68:1284-99 (2003)
DOI:10.1023/b:biry.0000011649.03634.74
Reference
  Authors
Lee JW, Juliano R.
  Title
Mitogenic signal transduction by integrin- and growth factor receptor-mediated pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cells 17:188-202 (2004)
Reference
  Authors
Danen EH, Yamada KM.
  Title
Fibronectin, integrins, and growth control.
  Journal
J Cell Physiol 189:1-13 (2001)
DOI:10.1002/jcp.1137
Reference
  Authors
Guo W, Giancotti FG.
  Title
Integrin signalling during tumour progression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5:816-26 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1490
Reference
  Authors
Petit V, Thiery JP.
  Title
Focal adhesions: structure and dynamics.
  Journal
Biol Cell 92:477-94 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0248-4900(00)01101-1
Reference
  Authors
Stupack DG, Cheresh DA.
  Title
Get a ligand, get a life: integrins, signaling and cell survival.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 115:3729-38 (2002)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00071
Reference
  Authors
Parsons JT.
  Title
Focal adhesion kinase: the first ten years.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 116:1409-16 (2003)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00373
Reference
  Authors
Mitra SK, Hanson DA, Schlaepfer DD.
  Title
Focal adhesion kinase: in command and control of cell motility.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:56-68 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1549
Reference
  Authors
Comoglio PM, Boccaccio C, Trusolino L.
  Title
Interactions between growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules: breaking the rules.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 15:565-71 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0955-0674(03)00096-6
Reference
  Authors
Schlaepfer DD, Mitra SK.
  Title
Multiple connections link FAK to cell motility and invasion.
  Journal
Curr Opin Genet Dev 14:92-101 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2003.12.002
Reference
  Authors
Burridge K, Wennerberg K.
  Title
Rho and Rac take center stage.
  Journal
Cell 116:167-79 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00003-0
Reference
  Authors
Schmitz AA, Govek EE, Bottner B, Van Aelst L.
  Title
Rho GTPases: signaling, migration, and invasion.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 261:1-12 (2000)
DOI:10.1006/excr.2000.5049
Reference
  Authors
Vanhaesebroeck B, Alessi DR.
  Title
The PI3K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB.
  Journal
Biochem J 346 Pt 3:561-76 (2000)
DOI:10.1042/bj3460561
Reference
  Authors
Nicholson KM, Anderson NG.
  Title
The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy.
  Journal
Cell Signal 14:381-95 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00271-6
Reference
  Authors
Oloumi A, McPhee T, Dedhar S.
  Title
Regulation of E-cadherin expression and beta-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity by the integrin-linked kinase.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1691:1-15 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2003.12.002
Reference
  Authors
Turner CE.
  Title
Paxillin and focal adhesion signalling.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 2:E231-6 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/35046659
Reference
  Authors
Hlobilkova A, Knillova J, Bartek J, Lukas J, Kolar Z.
  Title
The mechanism of action of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN.
  Journal
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 147:19-25 (2003)
Related
pathway
ppam04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ppam04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
ppam04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
ppam04110  Cell cycle
ppam04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
ppam04310  Wnt signaling pathway
ppam04512  ECM-receptor interaction
ppam04810  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
ko04510   
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