Entry
Name
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Phocoena sinus (vaquita)
Description
The phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and survival. The binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) stimulates class Ia and Ib PI3K isoforms, respectively. PI3K catalyzes the production of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) at the cell membrane. PIP3 in turn serves as a second messenger that helps to activate Akt. Once active, Akt can control key cellular processes by phosphorylating substrates involved in apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism, and cell cycle.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Phocoena sinus (vaquita) [GN:
psiu ]
Gene
116753904 FGF2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 2 [KO:K18497 ]
116750545 FGF22; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 22 [KO:K04358 ]
116760902 IGF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-like growth factor I [KO:K05459 ]
116758167 IGF2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-like growth factor II [KO:K13769 ]
116740378 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
116761017 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
116756768 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
116743695 FLT3LG; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K05454 ]
116758090 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858 ]
116751822 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
116745757 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
116747589 MAP2K1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
116761737 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1-like [KO:K04392 ]
116741393 PIK3AP1; phosphoinositide 3-kinase adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12230 ]
116745666 CSF3; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor isoform X1 [KO:K05423 ]
116750938 OSMR; oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05057 ]
116760998 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069 ]
116747462 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
116746994 IL3RA; interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04737 ]
116740907 IL4R; interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05071 ]
116751594 IL7R; interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05072 ]
116744796 CSF3R; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05061 ]
116753029 COL6A5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-5(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
116752834 COL6A2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-2(VI) chain [KO:K06238 ]
116752953 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
116752990 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
116751286 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
116750604 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
116742613 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
116751944 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
116764574 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
116739605 GNB2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
116760197 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
116753308 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04538 ]
116748817 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539 ]
116748861 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07826 ]
116758798 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
116742043 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
116753058 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
116763781 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542 ]
116743126 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542 ]
116752047 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
116743417 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
116744006 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10-like [KO:K04545 ]
116755457 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
116759883 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 isoform X1 [KO:K04546 ]
116756875 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
116740969 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
116759589 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
116745853 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
116759199 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
116746412 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
116745258 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
116740632 MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266 ]
116745714 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
116746768 EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
116756589 EIF4E2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03259 ]
116750994 EIF4E1B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B [KO:K03259 ]
116760384 EIF4B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B isoform X1 [KO:K03258 ]
116762017 MAGI1; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05631 ]
116759043 MAGI2; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K05629 ]
116750919 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
116743774 PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456 ]
116757415 PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456 ]
116746197 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform-like [KO:K04354 ]
116754762 PPP2R2C; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
116755706 PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
116741434 PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
116752026 PPP2R2B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
116753268 PPP2R3A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha [KO:K11583 ]
116747993 PPP2R3B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
116748480 PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
116746995 PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
116761517 PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
116748702 PPP2R5E; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform [KO:K11584 ]
116751199 PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
116758459 PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
116750427 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock protein HSP 90-beta-like [KO:K04079 ]
116757632 CRTC2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333 ]
116744245 PHLPP2; PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
116738932 PHLPP1; PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
116762584 CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06625 ]
116739025 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
116756730 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
116756632 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
116761029 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04374 ]
116755320 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
116740243 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
116758621 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
116751955 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
116759300 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
116759616 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
116762930 ATF6B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049 ]
116760285 MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539 ]
116754222 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Engelman JA, Luo J, Cantley LC
Title
The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Song G, Ouyang G, Bao S
Title
The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hers I, Vincent EE, Tavare JM
Title
Akt signalling in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Duronio V
Title
The life of a cell: apoptosis regulation by the PI3K/PKB pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim D, Chung J.
Title
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koyasu S
Title
The role of PI3K in immune cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B.
Title
PI3K in lymphocyte development, differentiation and activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Richardson CJ, Schalm SS, Blenis J
Title
PI3-kinase and TOR: PIKTORing cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Georgescu MM
Title
PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
West KA, Castillo SS, Dennis PA
Title
Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wymann MP, Pirola L
Title
Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moelling K, Schad K, Bosse M, Zimmermann S, Schweneker M
Title
Regulation of Raf-Akt Cross-talk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kikani CK, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
"New"-clear functions of PDK1: beyond a master kinase in the cytosol?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Blume-Jensen P, Hunter T
Title
Oncogenic kinase signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Osaki M, Oshimura M, Ito H
Title
PI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noguchi M, Ropars V, Roumestand C, Suizu F
Title
Proto-oncogene TCL1: more than just a coactivator for Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Related pathway
psiu04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs