KEGG   PATHWAY: atri00480
Entry
atri00480                   Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Amaranthus tricolor (tampala)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
atri00480  Glutathione metabolism
atri00480

Module
atri_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:atri00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Amaranthus tricolor (tampala) [GN:atri]
Gene
130823794  glutathione hydrolase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
130797775  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-1 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
130809677  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-3 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
130813093  5-oxoprolinase 1 [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
130804855  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
130828883  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
130828901  leucine aminopeptidase 1-like [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
130800132  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
130800916  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
130804844  glutathione S-transferase T1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130804845  glutathione S-transferase T1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130806086  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130821453  glutathione S-transferase U18-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130806769  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130796720  glutathione S-transferase U19-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797487  glutathione S-transferase F10-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797539  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797541  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797544  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797545  glutathione S-transferase U10-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797546  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797588  probable glutathione S-transferase parA [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130797651  probable glutathione S-transferase parC isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130825859  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130826209  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130810197  protein IN2-1 homolog B-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130798639  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130798737  glutathione S-transferase U10-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130798964  protein IN2-1 homolog B-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130799175  glutathione S-transferase U9-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130827439  glutathione S-transferase F13 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130827440  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130827442  glutathione S-transferase F2-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130827443  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130827515  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130799673  glutathione S-transferase T1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130812822  glutathione transferase GST 23-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130800450  probable glutathione S-transferase isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130813188  glutathione S-transferase U8 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130828866  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130828903  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130817336  uncharacterized protein LOC130817336 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
130802406  glutathione S-transferase DHAR2-like [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
130802709  glutathione S-transferase DHAR3, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
130804335  glutathione S-transferase DHAR2-like [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
130825483  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
130798571  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
130817566  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
130825439  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like isoform X1 [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
130810290  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
130801266  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
130821064  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 1 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
130809245  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 1-like [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
130801189  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
130818185  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 6, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
130806052  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
130820842  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
130808682  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
130797200  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 6, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
130804849  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
130821421  probable glutathione peroxidase 4 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
130799674  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
130800079  probable glutathione peroxidase 8 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
130814036  probable glutathione peroxidase 4 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
130817771  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
130825591  1-Cys peroxiredoxin PER1 [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
130805104  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
130820412  spermidine synthase 1-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
130807560  spermidine synthase-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
130805515  L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130806020  L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130824240  L-ascorbate peroxidase 5, peroxisomal-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130824241  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130824242  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130810251  probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 6, chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130798854  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130812706  L-ascorbate peroxidase 2, cytosolic isoform X1 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130804266  putative L-ascorbate peroxidase 6 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
130820166  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
130824247  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
130804191  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain A [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
atri00220  Arginine biosynthesis
atri00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
atri00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
atri00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
atri00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   
LinkDB

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