KEGG   PATHWAY: dme00480
Entry
dme00480                    Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
dme00480  Glutathione metabolism
dme00480

Module
dme_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:dme00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) [GN:dme]
Gene
Dmel_CG10045  GstD1; glutathione S transferase D1, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG10091  GstD9; glutathione S transferase D9, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG10365  CG10365; uncharacterized protein, isoform A [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
Dmel_CG11512  GstD4; glutathione S transferase D4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG11784  GstE13; glutathione S transferase E13, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG11951  CG11951; uncharacterized protein [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG11956  [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG12013  Gtpx; glutathione peroxidase homolog with thioredoxin peroxidase activity, isoform C [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
Dmel_CG12242  GstD5; glutathione S transferase D5 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG12529  Zw; zwischenferment, isoform A [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
Dmel_CG13340  S-Lap7; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 7, isoform B [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
Dmel_CG14516  superdeath; suppressor of ER stress-induced death, isoform C [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG1492  CG1492; uncharacterized protein, isoform B [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
Dmel_CG15116  Gpxl; glutathione peroxidase-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
Dmel_CG1681  GstT4; glutathione S transferase T4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG16936  GstE12; glutathione S transferase E12, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG1702  GstT3; glutathione S transferase T3, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG1742  Mgstl; microsomal glutathione S-transferase-like, isoform C [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17522  GstE10; glutathione S transferase E10, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17523  GstE2; glutathione S transferase E2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17524  GstE3; glutathione S transferase E3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17525  GstE4; glutathione S transferase E4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17527  GstE5; glutathione S transferase E5 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17530  GstE6; glutathione S transferase E6 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17531  GstE7; glutathione S transferase E7 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17533  GstE8; glutathione S transferase E8, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17534  GstE9; glutathione S transferase E9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG17636  CG17636; uncharacterized protein, isoform A [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
Dmel_CG17639  GstD11; glutathione S transferase D11, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG18369  S-Lap5; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 5 [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
Dmel_CG18548  GstD10; glutathione S transferase D10, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG2111  CG2111; uncharacterized protein [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG2259  Gclc; Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, isoform C [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]
Dmel_CG2540  CG2540; uncharacterized protein [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
Dmel_CG30000  GstT1; glutathione S transferase T1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG30005  GstT2; glutathione S transferase T2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG3083  Prx6a; peroxiredoxin 6a [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
Dmel_CG31233  CG31233; uncharacterized protein, isoform B [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG31343  CG31343; uncharacterized protein [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG31445  CG31445; uncharacterized protein, isoform B [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG32063  S-Lap3; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 3, isoform D [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
Dmel_CG32064  S-Lap4; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 4 [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
Dmel_CG32196  CG32196; uncharacterized protein, isoform C [KO:K00682] [EC:4.3.2.9]
Dmel_CG32351  S-Lap2; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 2 [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
Dmel_CG33177  CG33177; uncharacterized protein [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG33178  CG33178; uncharacterized protein, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG33546  gfzf; GST-containing FLYWCH zinc-finger protein, isoform D [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG3502  CG3502; uncharacterized protein [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Dmel_CG3724  Pgd; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, isoform B [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
Dmel_CG4181  GstD2; glutathione S transferase D2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG4300  Sms; spermine synthase, isoform C [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]
Dmel_CG4306  CG4306; uncharacterized protein [KO:K00682] [EC:4.3.2.9]
Dmel_CG4371  GstD7; glutathione S transferase D7 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG4381  GstD3; glutathione S transferase D3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG4421  GstD8; glutathione S transferase D8 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG4423  GstD6; glutathione S transferase D6 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG4439  S-Lap8; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 8 [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
Dmel_CG4688  GstE14; glutathione S transferase E14 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG4750  loopin-1; loopin-1, isoform C [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
Dmel_CG4752  CG4752; uncharacterized protein [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
Dmel_CG4829  CG4829; uncharacterized protein, isoform D [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
Dmel_CG4919  Gclm; Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit, isoform B [KO:K11205]
Dmel_CG5164  GstE1; glutathione S transferase E1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG5224  GstE11; glutathione S transferase E11, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG5371  RnrL; ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Dmel_CG6372  S-Lap1; Sperm-Leucylaminopeptidase 1 [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
Dmel_CG6461  Ggt-1; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, isoform B [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
Dmel_CG6662  GstO1; glutathione S transferase O1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG6673  GstO2; glutathione S transferase O2, isoform B [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG6776  GstO3; glutathione S transferase O3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG6781  se; sepia [KO:K00310] [EC:1.5.4.1]
Dmel_CG6835  Gss1; glutathione synthetase 1, isoform E [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
Dmel_CG7140  CG7140; uncharacterized protein [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
Dmel_CG7176  Idh; isocitrate dehydrogenase, isoform K [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
Dmel_CG8327  SpdS; spermidine synthase, isoform C [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
Dmel_CG8719  Odc2; ornithine decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
Dmel_CG8721  Odc1; ornithine decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
Dmel_CG8938  GstS1; glutathione S transferase S1, isoform B [KO:K04097] [EC:5.3.99.2 2.5.1.18]
Dmel_CG8975  RnrS; ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small subunit [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Dmel_CG9285  Dip-B; dipeptidase B, isoform D [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
Dmel_CG9806  CG9806; uncharacterized protein [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
dme00220  Arginine biosynthesis
dme00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
dme00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
dme00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   

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