KEGG   PATHWAY: dnm04721
Entry
dnm04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
dnm04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
dnm04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo) [GN:dnm]
Gene
101411584  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
101411616  SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform X1 [KO:K18211]
101411644  ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150]
101412492  SLC1A6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617]
101412982  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
101413115  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
101413935  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
101413940  NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296]
101414894  ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02152]
101415303  SLC6A7; sodium-dependent proline transporter isoform X2 [KO:K05040]
101416022  CLTCL1; clathrin heavy chain 2 [KO:K04646]
101416453  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
101416463  DNM2; dynamin-2 [KO:K23484]
101417548  AP2A1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 [KO:K11824]
101418348  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu [KO:K11826]
101418577  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
101418780  SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05613]
101418970  [KO:K02152]
101419014  ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
101419943  STX3; syntaxin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
101420027  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
101420387  AP2S1; AP-2 complex subunit sigma [KO:K11827]
101420476  SLC17A7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
101420788  CLTA; clathrin light chain A isoform X1 [KO:K04644]
101420809  ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
101421581  SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 [KO:K12302]
101421898  STX1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: syntaxin-1A [KO:K04560]
101422000  SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05614]
101423869  ATP6V1A; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
101424427  [KO:K04344]
101425172  [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
101427733  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
101428255  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
101428420  SYT1; synaptotagmin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15290]
101428578  ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
101428792  CPLX2; complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
101429634  ATP6V1F; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
101429637  ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
101429654  [KO:K02152]
101430037  CPLX3; complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
101430279  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
101430782  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
101430953  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
101430989  SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
101431703  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155]
101431715  ATP6V0E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 [KO:K02153]
101432656  DNM1; dynamin-1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
101433636  [KO:K04645]
101433846  ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150]
101434362  AP2B1; AP-2 complex subunit beta [KO:K11825]
101434454  STX2; syntaxin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
101434642  RAB3A; ras-related protein Rab-3A [KO:K07882]
101435074  RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 [KO:K15291]
101435586  ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X4 [KO:K02148]
101435750  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
101436934  SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 [KO:K12302]
101437187  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K03661]
101438048  SLC6A9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 [KO:K05038]
101438079  SLC1A7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: excitatory amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K05618]
101438308  STXBP1; syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15292]
101438580  SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 [KO:K05038]
101439037  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
101439366  CPLX1; complexin-1 [KO:K15294]
101439719  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
101441323  [KO:K02152]
101442162  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
101442355  [KO:K02151]
101442734  SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter [KO:K05035]
101442839  UNC13B; protein unc-13 homolog B [KO:K15293]
101442890  AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K11824]
101442939  STX1B; syntaxin-1B [KO:K08486]
101443829  ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
101443941  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 [KO:K04646]
101445358  CPLX4; complexin-4 [KO:K15295]
101446505  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
101446774  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X5 [KO:K02154]
101447616  SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter [KO:K05037]
111765656  ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
dnm04144  Endocytosis
dnm04724  Glutamatergic synapse
dnm04725  Cholinergic synapse
dnm04726  Serotonergic synapse
dnm04727  GABAergic synapse
dnm04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   

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