Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo) [GN:
dnm ]
Gene
101410888 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X3 [KO:K18440 ]
101412124 ACAP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12489 ]
101412217 GIT2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2 [KO:K12487 ]
101412946 ARAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K18439 ]
101413220 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
101413900 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
101414114 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X2 [KO:K12484 ]
101415379 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488 ]
101415531 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12495 ]
101415638 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12490 ]
101415748 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12489 ]
101416497 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
101417033 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
101418997 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
101419132 VPS37D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
101419342 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X3 [KO:K12472 ]
101420226 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X1 [KO:K12479 ]
101420296 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
101420980 PIP5K1C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
101421225 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
101421398 RAB11FIP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 3 [KO:K12485 ]
101421534 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
101423675 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
101423679 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
101424395 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
101424536 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
101425039 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
101426512 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
101427041 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 [KO:K12474 ]
101428236 ASAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12488 ]
101428840 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12482 ]
101429761 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 [KO:K18442 ]
101429995 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
101430699 ASAP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
101431016 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X1 [KO:K12182 ]
101431452 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06564 ]
101432128 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
101432193 TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein isoform X1 [KO:K12183 ]
101433658 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin [KO:K09526 ]
101434191 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
101434564 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
101434795 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
101434932 WIPF2; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
101435239 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
101437298 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
101438046 CAPZA2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2 [KO:K10364 ]
101438342 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
101438790 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
101438946 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
101439102 VPS26A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
101439131 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
101440022 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442 ]
101440316 TM9SF1; transmembrane 9 superfamily member 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12194 ]
101441518 IQSEC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12495 ]
101441862 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
101442216 STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
101442858 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
101445775 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X2 [KO:K06093 ]
101445880 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12495 ]
101446043 ZFYVE16; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
101446429 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
101446693 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
101447050 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X2 [KO:K23605 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
dnm04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
dnm04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
dnm04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway