KEGG   PATHWAY: nnu00260
Entry
nnu00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Nelumbo nucifera (sacred lotus)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
nnu00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
nnu00260

Module
nnu_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:nnu00260]
nnu_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:nnu00260]
nnu_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:nnu00260]
nnu_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:nnu00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Nelumbo nucifera (sacred lotus) [GN:nnu]
Gene
104592765  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
104603257  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
104609119  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
104611656  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
104611043  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
104585877  homoserine kinase-like [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
104589962  homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
104600632  threonine synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
104600884  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
104589995  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
104595554  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104612058  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104609082  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104587242  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104588714  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104588452  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
109114895  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104611993  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
104603640  glycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
104608357  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3 [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
104600104  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
104605586  phosphoglycerate mutase-like protein 4 [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
104612943  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
104592297  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
104596985  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
104595266  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
104607170  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
104603133  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
104588138  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
104604143  phosphoserine aminotransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
104599196  phosphoserine phosphatase, chloroplastic [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
104598170  phosphoserine phosphatase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
104611496  primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
104591482  copper methylamine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
104593101  copper methylamine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
104596514  primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
104602256  primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
104600737  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
104612758  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
104588308  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
104593916  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104593915  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104598802  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104605099  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104606452  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
104611005  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
104610395  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
104597224  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
104602481  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
104605885  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
104593113  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
104611397  choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
104607975  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
104600531  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
104609076  probable sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
104587183  threonine dehydratase biosynthetic, chloroplastic [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
104596097  serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
104589645  tryptophan synthase alpha chain [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
104609565  tryptophan synthase alpha chain [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
104600965  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1 [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
104610958  tryptophan synthase beta chain 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
104600681  tryptophan synthase beta chain 2 [KO:K06001] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
nnu00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
nnu00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
nnu00230  Purine metabolism
nnu00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
nnu00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
nnu00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
nnu00300  Lysine biosynthesis
nnu00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
nnu00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
nnu00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
nnu00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
nnu00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
nnu00620  Pyruvate metabolism
nnu00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
nnu00640  Propanoate metabolism
nnu00860  Porphyrin metabolism
nnu00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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