KEGG   PATHWAY: eld00260
Entry
eld00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Escherichia coli clone D i2
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
eld00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
eld00260

Module
eld_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:eld00260]
eld_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:eld00260]
eld_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:eld00260]
eld_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:eld00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Escherichia coli clone D i2 [GN:eld]
Gene
i02_4579  lysC; aspartate kinase III [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
i02_0001  thrA; bifunctional aspartokinase I/homoserine [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
i02_4485  metL; bifunctional aspartate kinase II/homoserine [KO:K12525] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
i02_3891  asd; aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
i02_0002  thrB; homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
i02_0003  thrC; threonine synthase [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
i02_0919  ybjU; L-threonine aldolase [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
i02_2868  glyA; serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
i02_1181  ycdW; putative 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase ycdW [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
i02_4039  yiaE; 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase [KO:K00090] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81 1.1.1.215]
i02_0604  ybbZ; glycerate kinase II [KO:K00865] [EC:2.7.1.165]
i02_3568  yhaD; glycerate kinase I [KO:K00865] [EC:2.7.1.165]
i02_0798  gpmA; phosphoglyceromutase [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
i02_4995  gpmB; phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
i02_4101  yibO; phosphoglyceromutase [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
i02_3214  serA; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
i02_3127  2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
i02_0957  serC; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
i02_4985  serB; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
i02_1788  ydfG; 3-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase [KO:K16066] [EC:1.1.1.381 1.1.1.-]
i02_4106  kbl; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
i02_4105  tdh; L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
i02_3203  gcvP; glycine dehydrogenase [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
i02_3205  gcvT; glycine cleavage system aminomethyltransferase [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
i02_0132  lpdA; dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
i02_4620  putative 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
i02_3204  gcvH; glycine cleavage system protein H [KO:K02437]
i02_2906  pssA; phosphatidylserine synthase [KO:K00998] [EC:2.7.8.8]
i02_0416  betA; choline dehydrogenase [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
i02_0417  betB; betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
i02_3558  L-serine dehydratase 1 [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
i02_2039  sdaA; L-serine dehydratase 1 [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
i02_3089  sdaB; L-serine dehydratase 2 [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
i02_4285  ilvA; threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
i02_3563  tdcB; threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
i02_2699  dsdA; D-serine dehydratase [KO:K01753] [EC:4.3.1.18]
i02_3156  ygeA; putative racemase [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]
i02_1557  trpA; tryptophan synthase subunit alpha [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
i02_1558  trpB; tryptophan synthase subunit beta [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
eld00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
eld00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
eld00230  Purine metabolism
eld00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
eld00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
eld00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
eld00300  Lysine biosynthesis
eld00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
eld00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
eld00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
eld00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
eld00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
eld00620  Pyruvate metabolism
eld00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
eld00640  Propanoate metabolism
eld00680  Methane metabolism
eld00860  Porphyrin metabolism
eld00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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