KEGG   PATHWAY: tcc00480
Entry
tcc00480                    Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Theobroma cacao (cacao)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
tcc00480  Glutathione metabolism
tcc00480

Module
tcc_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:tcc00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Theobroma cacao (cacao) [GN:tcc]
Gene
18611652  gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
18588473  gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 3 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
18587580  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-1 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
18592315  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-3 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
18587748  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-3 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
18608444  5-oxoprolinase [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
18606518  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
18609053  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
18587844  leucine aminopeptidase 1 [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
18606548  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
18597654  glutathione S-transferase U8 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613518  glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613011  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613012  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18612216  glutathione S-transferase F9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18612217  glutathione S-transferase F9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613514  glutathione S-transferase F13 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613515  glutathione S-transferase PARB [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613516  glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18613517  glutathione S-transferase PARB [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18609303  glutathione S-transferase U17 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18609306  glutathione S-transferase U17 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18609308  glutathione S-transferase U17 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18604246  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18604669  glutathione S-transferase U9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18609885  glutathione S-transferase U9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18604674  glutathione S-transferase U10 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18610406  glutathione S-transferase U10 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18604672  glutathione S-transferase U9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18601271  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18590601  glutathione S-transferase U7 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18603221  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18603222  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602839  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602838  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602840  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602850  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
108660439  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602843  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602849  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602856  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602848  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
108661745  glutathione S-transferase U7-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602842  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602847  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602844  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602835  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602836  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18590600  glutathione S-transferase U7 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18603487  glutathione S-transferase F13 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18601254  glutathione S-transferase F11 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18602851  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18599609  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18599610  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18606508  glutathione S-transferase T1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18597655  glutathione S-transferase U8 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18599368  probable glutathione S-transferase parA [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18597872  glutathione S-transferase L3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18594547  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18597652  glutathione S-transferase U8 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18594542  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18599702  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18592169  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
108660428  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18586301  glutathione S-transferase L1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
18586245  glutathione S-transferase DHAR2 [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
18601869  glutathione S-transferase DHAR3, chloroplastic [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
18613230  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
18602753  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
18600801  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic/mitochondrial [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
18600670  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
18595004  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
18606635  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
18610129  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 3 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
18601816  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 1 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
18601820  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 3 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
18612476  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
18608929  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
18600930  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
18600614  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 4, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
18606510  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
18606511  probable glutathione peroxidase 8 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
18587695  phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
18597419  probable glutathione peroxidase 2 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
18603742  1-Cys peroxiredoxin [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
18600234  ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
18600233  ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
18595702  ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
18591634  ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
18591633  ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
18603875  spermidine synthase 2 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
18609400  spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
18603873  spermidine synthase 1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
18605732  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
18590832  APX; L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
18597892  L-ascorbate peroxidase 2, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
18610739  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3, peroxisomal [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
18607557  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3, peroxisomal [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
18587790  putative L-ascorbate peroxidase 6 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
18592363  probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 6, chloroplastic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
18611720  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
18602878  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain A [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
18601017  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
tcc00220  Arginine biosynthesis
tcc00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
tcc00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
tcc00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
tcc00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   
LinkDB

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