KEGG   PATHWAY: ead00260
Entry
ead00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Ensifer adhaerens OV14
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
ead00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ead00260

Module
ead_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:ead00260]
ead_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ead00260]
ead_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ead00260]
ead_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ead00260]
ead_M00919  Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:ead00260]
ead_M00975  Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:ead00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Ensifer adhaerens OV14 [GN:ead]
Gene
OV14_0005  lysC; aspartate kinase [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
OV14_0847  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
OV14_2645  thrA; homoserine dehydrogenase [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
OV14_1854  thrB; homoserine kinase [KO:K02204] [EC:2.7.1.39]
OV14_1862  thrC; threonine synthetase protein [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
OV14_0311  putative low-specificity l-threonine aldolase [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
OV14_2241  glyA; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
OV14_a1914  putative dehydrogenase [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
OV14_0989  putative 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase protein [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
OV14_b0721  ttuD2; hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
OV14_0819  ttuD2; hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
OV14_a0424  hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
OV14_a1689  hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
OV14_b0601  hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
OV14_1001  gpmA; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 family protein [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
OV14_a0180  gpmB; phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
OV14_0202  phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
OV14_3646  phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
OV14_b1211  phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
OV14_a1411  phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
OV14_0203  serC; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
OV14_3514  serB; putative phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
OV14_3759  kbl; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
OV14_b1426  kbl; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
OV14_b1424  tdh; L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
OV14_3758  tdh; L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
OV14_0545  hemA; 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
OV14_2905  gcvP; decarboxylating glycine dehydrogenase [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
OV14_2903  gcvT; glycine cleavage system T protein [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
OV14_0614  lpdA1; dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
OV14_0461  lpdA2; dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
OV14_2523  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
OV14_2904  gcvH; glycine cleavage system H protein [KO:K02437]
OV14_2142  pssA; CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase [KO:K17103] [EC:2.7.8.8]
OV14_1910  betA; choline dehydrogenase [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
OV14_b0280  putative Choline dehydrogenase BetA [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
OV14_0509  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
OV14_b0576  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
OV14_1912  betB; betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
OV14_b0606  aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
OV14_1805  putative dioxygenase, alpha-subunit [KO:K00479] [EC:1.14.13.251]
OV14_1806  putative dioxygenase reductase subunit [KO:K21832] [EC:1.14.13.251]
OV14_a0111  dimethylglycine dehydrogenase precursor [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
OV14_4043  dimethylglycine dehydrogenase precursor [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
OV14_3709  dimethylglycine dehydrogenase precursor [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
OV14_0356  soxA1; sarcosine oxidase, alpha subunit [KO:K00302] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
OV14_0358  soxB1; sarcosine oxidase, beta subunit [KO:K00303] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
OV14_0355  soxG1; sarcosine oxidase, gamma subunit [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
OV14_0357  soxD1; sarcosine oxidase, delta subunit [KO:K00304] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
OV14_2466  L-serine dehydratase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
OV14_b1414  ilvA1; threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
OV14_2805  ilvA2; threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
OV14_a0968  putative threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
OV14_a1609  putative threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
OV14_a1652  asr; aspartate racemase protein [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]
OV14_0908  trpA; tryptophan synthase, alpha chain [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
OV14_0907  trpB; tryptophan synthase, beta chain [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
OV14_0861  putative ectoine synthase [KO:K06720] [EC:4.2.1.108]
OV14_b1416  putative dipeptidase [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
OV14_b1417  succinylglutamate desuccinylase/aspartoacylase family protein [KO:K15784] [EC:3.5.1.125]
OV14_b1405  putative aminotransferase [KO:K15785] [EC:2.6.1.76]
OV14_b1406  putative PutA, NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K15786] [EC:1.2.1.-]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
ead00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ead00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ead00230  Purine metabolism
ead00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ead00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ead00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
ead00300  Lysine biosynthesis
ead00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
ead00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
ead00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
ead00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
ead00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
ead00620  Pyruvate metabolism
ead00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ead00640  Propanoate metabolism
ead00680  Methane metabolism
ead00860  Porphyrin metabolism
ead00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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