Entry Name Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis - Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655
Description Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria consisting of three domains: a hydrophobic anchor called lipid A, a non-repeating core oligosaccharide (OS) and a repetitive glycan polymer called O-antigen or O-polysaccharide (O-PS). The enzymes for the biosynthesis of lipid A are well conserved among Gram-negative bacterial species [MD:
M00060 M00866 ]. The core OS connecting lipid A with O-antigen is divided into inner and outer parts. Five core types, K-12 and R1-R4, are identified in Escherichia coli, with the common inner part composed of Kdo (ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid) and Hep (heptose) residues and the outer part made of various sugar residues. O-antigen is the most variable part used for serotyping of pathogenic Escherichia coli, where about 170 types are known. All three domains are involved in toxicity, pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance and other activities.
Class Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolismBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map eco00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Module Other DBs Organism Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 [GN:
eco ]
Gene b0181 lpxA; acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]--UDP-N-acetylglucosamine O-acyltransferase [KO:K00677 ] [EC:2.3.1.129 ]
b3615 waaH; UDP-glucuronate:LPS(HepIII) glycosyltransferase [KO:K19354 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
b3623 waaU; putative ADP-heptose:LPS heptosyltransferase 4 [KO:K03277 ] [EC:2.4.-.-]
b3624 waaZ; lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis protein WaaZ [KO:K12981 ] [EC:2.4.99.-]
b3625 waaY; lipopolysaccharide core heptose (II) kinase [KO:K02850 ] [EC:2.7.1.-]
b3626 waaJ; UDP-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase [KO:K03276 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
b3627 waaO; UDP-D-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase [KO:K03275 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
b3628 waaB; UDP-D-galactose:(glucosyl)lipopolysaccharide-1,6-D-galactosyltransferase [KO:K02840 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
b3629 waaS; lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis protein WaaS [KO:K12986 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
b3631 waaG; lipopolysaccharide glucosyltransferase I [KO:K02844 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
b3955 eptC; phosphoethanolamine transferase EptC [KO:K19353 ] [EC:2.7.8.-]
Compound C00043 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine
C01187 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate
C04088 Octadecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
C04121 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate
C04652 UDP-2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)glucosamine
C04738 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine
C04919 2,3,2'3'-Tetrakis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-glucosamine 1,4'-bisphosphate
C05223 Dodecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
C06022 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine
C06024 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonyl-lipid IV(A)
C06251 Lauroyl-KDO2-lipid IV(A)
C06398 ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose
C16157 Undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N
C19877 4-O-Phospho-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA
C19890 alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-[4-P-L-Ara4N]-lipid A
C20933 (9Z)-Hexadec-9-enoyl-KDO2-lipid IV(A)
C21157 KDO2-lipid A 1-diphosphate
C21461 KDO2-lipid A 1-(2-aminoethyl diphosphate)
C21463 KDO2-lipid A 1,4'-bis(2-aminoethyl diphosphate)
C21991 Palmitoleoyl-myristoyl-KDO2-lipid A
C21992 3'-O-Deacylated KDO2-lipid A
C21994 1-Dephospho-KDO2-lipid A
C21997 4'-Dephosphorylated 1-PEtN-KDO-lipid A
C21999 Stearoyl-KDO2-lipid IVA
C22003 (S)-2-Hydroxymyristate-modified lipid A
C22068 H. pylori KDO2-lipid IVA
Reference Authors Heinrichs DE, Yethon JA, Whitfield C.
Title Molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica.
Journal Reference Authors Kneidinger B, Marolda C, Graninger M, Zamyatina A, McArthur F, Kosma P, Valvano MA, Messner P.
Title Biosynthesis pathway of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose in Escherichia coli.
Journal Reference Authors Wyckoff TJ, Raetz CR, Jackman JE.
Title Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents that target endotoxin.
Journal Reference Authors Shibayama K, Ohsuka S, Tanaka T, Arakawa Y, Ohta M.
Title Conserved structural regions involved in the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli K-12 WaaO (RfaI).
Journal Reference Authors Raetz CR, Whitfield C
Title Lipopolysaccharide endotoxins.
Journal Reference Authors Rubin EJ, O'Brien JP, Ivanov PL, Brodbelt JS, Trent MS
Title Identification of a broad family of lipid A late acyltransferases with non-canonical substrate specificity.
Journal Reference Authors Stead CM, Zhao J, Raetz CR, Trent MS
Title Removal of the outer Kdo from Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide and its impact on the bacterial surface.
Journal Reference Authors Ebbensgaard A, Mordhorst H, Aarestrup FM, Hansen EB
Title The Role of Outer Membrane Proteins and Lipopolysaccharides for the Sensitivity of Escherichia coli to Antimicrobial Peptides.
Journal Reference Authors Botos I, Noinaj N, Buchanan SK
Title Insertion of proteins and lipopolysaccharide into the bacterial outer membrane.
Journal Related eco00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
eco00541 Biosynthesis of various nucleotide sugars
KO pathway
