Entry Name Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Description Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria consisting of three domains: a hydrophobic anchor called lipid A, a non-repeating core oligosaccharide (OS) and a repetitive glycan polymer called O-antigen or O-polysaccharide (O-PS). The enzymes for the biosynthesis of lipid A are well conserved among Gram-negative bacterial species [MD:
M00060 M00866 ]. The core OS connecting lipid A with O-antigen is divided into inner and outer parts. Five core types, K-12 and R1-R4, are identified in Escherichia coli, with the common inner part composed of Kdo (ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid) and Hep (heptose) residues and the outer part made of various sugar residues. O-antigen is the most variable part used for serotyping of pathogenic Escherichia coli, where about 170 types are known. All three domains are involved in toxicity, pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance and other activities.
Class Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolismBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map ko00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
Ortholog table Module M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:ko00540 ]
M00866 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, non-LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:ko00540 ]
Other DBs Orthology K02535 UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase [EC:3.5.1.108 ]
K16363 UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase / 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase [EC:3.5.1.108 4.2.1.59 ]
K02536 UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] glucosamine N-acyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.191 ]
K01627 2-dehydro-3-deoxyphosphooctonate aldolase (KDO 8-P synthase) [EC:2.5.1.55 ]
K03270 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate phosphatase (KDO 8-P phosphatase) [EC:3.1.3.45 ]
K00979 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (CMP-KDO synthetase) [EC:2.7.7.38 ]
K02517 Kdo2-lipid IVA lauroyltransferase/acyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.241 2.3.1.-]
K12979 beta-hydroxylase [EC:1.14.11.-]
K09953 lipid A 3-O-deacylase [EC:3.1.1.-]
K12976 lipid A 3-O-deacylase [EC:3.1.1.-]
K09778 Kdo2-lipid IVA 3' secondary acyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.-]
K12977 lipid A 1-phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.-]
K23083 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid-hydrolase
K23159 lipid A 4'-phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.-]
K03272 D-beta-D-heptose 7-phosphate kinase / D-beta-D-heptose 1-phosphate adenosyltransferase [EC:2.7.1.167 2.7.7.70 ]
K21345 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate adenylyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.70 ]
K15669 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate guanylyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.71 ]
K19353 heptose-I-phosphate ethanolaminephosphotransferase [EC:2.7.8.-]
K19354 heptose III glucuronosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K02850 heptose II phosphotransferase [EC:2.7.1.-]
K12981 KDO transferase III [EC:2.4.99.-]
K12986 1,5-rhamnosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K02844 UDP-glucose:(heptosyl)LPS alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K02840 UDP-D-galactose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,6-D-galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K03275 UDP-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K12983 UDP-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS beta-1,3-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K03276 UDP-glucose/galactose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,2-glucosyl/galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K12985 (galactosyl)LPS 1,2-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K23067 beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase
K03277 heptosyltransferase IV [EC:2.4.-.-]
K03280 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.56 ]
K03278 UDP-D-galactose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,3-D-galactosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.44 ]
K03279 UDP-glucose:(galactosyl)LPS alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.58 ]
K00713 UDP-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K24623 UDP-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
Compound C00043 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine
C01112 D-Arabinose 5-phosphate
C01187 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate
C04088 Octadecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
C04121 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate
C04478 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate
C04652 UDP-2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)glucosamine
C04738 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine
C04919 2,3,2'3'-Tetrakis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-glucosamine 1,4'-bisphosphate
C05223 Dodecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
C05382 Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
C06022 UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine
C06024 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonyl-lipid IV(A)
C06251 Lauroyl-KDO2-lipid IV(A)
C06397 ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose
C06398 ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose
C07836 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-Heptose 7-phosphate
C07838 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-Heptose 1-phosphate
C11472 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-Heptose 1,7-bisphosphate
C19877 4-O-Phospho-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA
C19878 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-Heptose 7-phosphate
C19879 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-Heptose 1,7-bisphosphate
C19880 D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-Heptose 1-phosphate
C19881 GDP-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose
C19890 alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-[4-P-L-Ara4N]-lipid A
C20933 (9Z)-Hexadec-9-enoyl-KDO2-lipid IV(A)
C21157 KDO2-lipid A 1-diphosphate
C21461 KDO2-lipid A 1-(2-aminoethyl diphosphate)
C21463 KDO2-lipid A 1,4'-bis(2-aminoethyl diphosphate)
C21991 Palmitoleoyl-myristoyl-KDO2-lipid A
C21992 3'-O-Deacylated KDO2-lipid A
C21994 1-Dephospho-KDO2-lipid A
C21997 4'-Dephosphorylated 1-PEtN-KDO-lipid A
C21999 Stearoyl-KDO2-lipid IVA
C22003 (S)-2-Hydroxymyristate-modified lipid A
C22068 H. pylori KDO2-lipid IVA
Reference Authors Heinrichs DE, Yethon JA, Whitfield C.
Title Molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica.
Journal Reference Authors Kneidinger B, Marolda C, Graninger M, Zamyatina A, McArthur F, Kosma P, Valvano MA, Messner P.
Title Biosynthesis pathway of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose in Escherichia coli.
Journal Reference Authors Wyckoff TJ, Raetz CR, Jackman JE.
Title Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents that target endotoxin.
Journal Reference Authors Shibayama K, Ohsuka S, Tanaka T, Arakawa Y, Ohta M.
Title Conserved structural regions involved in the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli K-12 WaaO (RfaI).
Journal Reference Authors Raetz CR, Whitfield C
Title Lipopolysaccharide endotoxins.
Journal Reference Authors Rubin EJ, O'Brien JP, Ivanov PL, Brodbelt JS, Trent MS
Title Identification of a broad family of lipid A late acyltransferases with non-canonical substrate specificity.
Journal Reference Authors Stead CM, Zhao J, Raetz CR, Trent MS
Title Removal of the outer Kdo from Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide and its impact on the bacterial surface.
Journal Reference Authors Ebbensgaard A, Mordhorst H, Aarestrup FM, Hansen EB
Title The Role of Outer Membrane Proteins and Lipopolysaccharides for the Sensitivity of Escherichia coli to Antimicrobial Peptides.
Journal Reference Authors Botos I, Noinaj N, Buchanan SK
Title Insertion of proteins and lipopolysaccharide into the bacterial outer membrane.
Journal Related ko00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
LinkDB All DBs
