KEGG   PATHWAY: twl04144
Entry
twl04144                    Pathway                                
Name
Endocytosis - Tripterygium wilfordii (thunder duke vine)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
twl04144  Endocytosis
twl04144

Other DBs
GO: 0006897
Organism
Tripterygium wilfordii (thunder duke vine) [GN:twl]
Gene
120000280  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 1-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
120013749  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119990463  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 9-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119981301  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 6-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119982562  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 7-like isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
120005884  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 6-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119995315  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 4-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119984378  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 7-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
120009630  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 1-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119998751  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 9-like isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
120011130  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 1-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
119999914  phospholipase D delta-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
120011809  phospholipase D alpha 4 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
120000228  phospholipase D zeta 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
120015080  phospholipase D delta-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
119980407  phospholipase D gamma 1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
119982174  phospholipase D beta 1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
119982442  phospholipase D delta-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
119996426  phospholipase D alpha 1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
120008868  phospholipase D zeta 1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
120010325  phospholipase D delta-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
119987020  phospholipase D gamma 1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
120010960  phospholipase D alpha 1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
119992176  dynamin-2A-like [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
120007638  dynamin-2A-like [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
119984272  dynamin-2A [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
120010973  dynamin-2A-like [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
120013370  clathrin heavy chain 1-like [KO:K04646]
120014711  clathrin heavy chain 1-like [KO:K04646]
120015187  clathrin heavy chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04646]
120006400  clathrin heavy chain 1-like [KO:K04646]
120002440  AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K11824]
120014590  AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K11824]
119987458  AP-2 complex subunit mu isoform X1 [KO:K11826]
120015930  AP-2 complex subunit mu-like [KO:K11826]
120009583  AP-2 complex subunit sigma [KO:K11827]
119999256  AP-2 complex subunit sigma-like [KO:K11827]
120014235  epsin-3 [KO:K12471]
119980533  clathrin interactor EPSIN 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K12471]
119980559  clathrin interactor EPSIN 2-like [KO:K12471]
120015428  clathrin interactor EPSIN 1 [KO:K12471]
119992561  clathrin interactor EPSIN 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12471]
120005357  clathrin interactor EPSIN 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K12471]
120005733  clathrin interactor EPSIN 1-like [KO:K12471]
119997409  clathrin interactor EPSIN 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12471]
120012344  epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 [KO:K12472]
120015519  actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex protein PAN1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12472]
120009677  uncharacterized calcium-binding protein C800.10c-like [KO:K12472]
120001279  protein EARLY-RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7, chloroplastic-like [KO:K19366]
120013619  protein EARLY-RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7, chloroplastic-like [KO:K19366]
119992420  actin-related protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17260]
120000569  actin-related protein 3 [KO:K18584]
119991077  actin-related protein 3-like [KO:K18584]
120006409  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A-like [KO:K05757]
119987780  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2A-like [KO:K05758]
120015162  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2B isoform X1 [KO:K05758]
119981180  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2A-like [KO:K05758]
119988832  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K05756]
119993798  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 [KO:K05756]
120013399  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755]
119982834  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5A-like [KO:K05754]
119983654  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5A [KO:K05754]
119984103  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5A [KO:K05754]
119988707  heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2-like [KO:K03283]
119989252  heat shock 70 kDa protein 4-like [KO:K03283]
120013089  heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2-like [KO:K03283]
119990582  heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2 [KO:K03283]
119991279  heat shock 70 kDa protein 6, chloroplastic-like [KO:K03283]
119980853  heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2-like [KO:K03283]
119981104  heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2-like [KO:K03283]
119992986  heat shock 70 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283]
120005330  heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein 2-like [KO:K03283]
119982565  stromal 70 kDa heat shock-related protein, chloroplastic [KO:K03283]
120006877  heat shock 70 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283]
120010850  heat shock 70 kDa protein [KO:K03283]
119999748  F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-like [KO:K10364]
119996145  probable F-actin-capping protein subunit beta [KO:K10365]
119987375  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29-like [KO:K18467]
120016165  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 [KO:K18467]
120002808  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A-like [KO:K18466]
120004604  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A-like [KO:K18466]
119984534  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A-like [KO:K18466]
119986311  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A-like [KO:K18466]
120003368  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35A-like [KO:K18468]
120015445  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35A-like isoform X1 [KO:K18468]
120008413  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35B-like isoform X1 [KO:K18468]
119987369  AMSH-like ubiquitin thioesterase 1 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
119999529  AMSH-like ubiquitin thioesterase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
120013638  AMSH-like ubiquitin thioesterase 3 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
120003967  AMSH-like ubiquitin thioesterase 3 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
120011297  ras-related protein Rab7-like [KO:K07897]
120001860  ras-related protein Rab7-like [KO:K07897]
119990327  ras-related protein Rab7 [KO:K07897]
120002891  ras-related protein Rab7-like [KO:K07897]
120015971  ras-related protein Rab7 [KO:K07897]
120006924  ras-related protein Rab7-like [KO:K07897]
120007059  ras-related protein Rab7 [KO:K07897]
119989901  protein ELC-like [KO:K12183]
119980573  protein ELC-like [KO:K12183]
120005433  protein ELC-like [KO:K12183]
120010954  protein ELC-like [KO:K12183]
119988223  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog 2 [KO:K12184]
119989644  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog 2-like [KO:K12184]
120005797  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog 1-like [KO:K12184]
119995189  vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 37 homolog 1-like [KO:K12185]
119998854  vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 37 homolog 1-like [KO:K12185]
119988494  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 22 homolog 1 [KO:K12188]
119990065  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190]
119980936  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 36-like isoform X1 [KO:K12190]
120017084  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189]
120001723  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 20 homolog 2 [KO:K12195]
119992257  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 20 homolog 2-like [KO:K12195]
119992639  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 32 homolog 2-like [KO:K12194]
120006109  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 32 homolog 2 [KO:K12194]
119996043  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 32 homolog 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K12194]
119996044  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 32 homolog 2-like [KO:K12194]
120012416  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 24 homolog 1-like [KO:K12193]
120002070  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 24 homolog 1-like [KO:K12193]
120005228  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 24 homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12193]
119980571  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 2 homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12191]
120004870  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 2 homolog 1 [KO:K12191]
119997217  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 2 homolog 1-like [KO:K12191]
119990788  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 2 homolog 3-like [KO:K12192]
120010322  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 2 homolog 3-like [KO:K12192]
119982161  charged multivesicular body protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K15053]
119983364  charged multivesicular body protein 7-like isoform X1 [KO:K15053]
120001517  protein SUPPRESSOR OF K(+) TRANSPORT GROWTH DEFECT 1-like [KO:K12196]
119991955  protein SUPPRESSOR OF K(+) TRANSPORT GROWTH DEFECT 1 [KO:K12196]
119989111  protein HOMOLOG OF MAMMALIAN LYST-INTERACTING PROTEIN 5 [KO:K12199]
119985166  protein HOMOLOG OF MAMMALIAN LYST-INTERACTING PROTEIN 5-like [KO:K12199]
119981645  ESCRT-related protein CHMP1B [KO:K12197]
119984619  ESCRT-related protein CHMP1B-like [KO:K12197]
119984883  ESCRT-related protein CHMP1B-like [KO:K12197]
119988381  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 60.2-like [KO:K12198]
120005557  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 60.2-like [KO:K12198]
120001452  vacuolar-sorting protein BRO1-like [KO:K12200]
120016495  vacuolar-sorting protein BRO1-like [KO:K12200]
119980502  maspardin-like isoform X1 [KO:K19367]
119980944  maspardin-like isoform X1 [KO:K19367]
119991857  sorting nexin 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17917]
119998747  sorting nexin 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17917]
120013792  ras-related protein RHN1 [KO:K07889]
120010416  ras-related protein RHN1-like isoform X1 [KO:K07889]
119988270  EH domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K12483]
119989973  EH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12483]
119985046  EH domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K12483]
119981114  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12479]
120017214  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12479]
120012559  ras-related protein RABE1c-like [KO:K07901]
120012870  ras-related protein RABE1a-like [KO:K07901]
120012999  ras-related protein RABE1c-like isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
119990727  ras-related protein RABE1a-like [KO:K07901]
120002676  ras-related protein RABE1c [KO:K07901]
119984420  ras-related protein RAB1BV-like isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
119998197  ras-related protein RABE1c-like [KO:K07901]
120012085  ras-related protein RABA4d [KO:K07904]
119988943  ras-related protein RABA1f-like isoform X1 [KO:K07904]
119989186  ras-related protein Rab2BV-like [KO:K07904]
120012947  ras-related protein RABA1d-like [KO:K07904]
119989893  ras-related protein RABA1f-like [KO:K07904]
120001612  ras-related protein RABA1d [KO:K07904]
119990178  ras-related protein RABA5a [KO:K07904]
119990536  ras-related protein Rab11D-like isoform X1 [KO:K07904]
119991361  ras-related protein Rab2BV-like [KO:K07904]
120003803  ras-related protein RABA3-like [KO:K07904]
120015767  ras-related protein RABA4c-like [KO:K07904]
119981193  ras-related protein RABA5d-like [KO:K07904]
120005561  ras-related protein RABA5a-like [KO:K07904]
120005619  ras-related protein RABA1f isoform X1 [KO:K07904]
119982362  ras-related protein RABA1f-like [KO:K07904]
119982521  ras-related protein Rab11D [KO:K07904]
120006452  ras-related protein Rab2BV-like [KO:K07904]
119984055  ras-related protein RABA3-like [KO:K07904]
119984725  ras-related protein RABA1f [KO:K07904]
120008941  ras-related protein Rab2BV [KO:K07904]
119985904  ras-related protein RABA1f-like [KO:K07904]
119998204  ras-related protein Rab11D [KO:K07904]
119983155  kinesin-like protein KIN-UB [KO:K10396]
119989045  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD5-like isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
119989497  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD12-like isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
119980675  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD15 [KO:K12486]
119980914  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD11 isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
120005142  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD12-like [KO:K12486]
120005393  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD11 isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
120005579  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD5-like isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
119986051  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD5-like isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
119999769  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD3-like [KO:K12489]
120003269  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489]
119991633  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD3-like isoform X1 [KO:K12489]
119994653  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD4-like isoform X1 [KO:K12489]
120013323  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD6 [KO:K12492]
119998728  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD7-like [KO:K12492]
119987447  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD8 [KO:K12493]
119981417  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD8 [KO:K12493]
120016984  probable ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein AGD8 [KO:K12493]
120001553  brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442]
120004281  brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2-like [KO:K18442]
119982817  brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2-like [KO:K18442]
119991987  ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factor GNOM-like [KO:K18443]
120016528  ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factor GNOM-like [KO:K18443]
119996549  ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factor GNL2 [KO:K18443]
119996657  ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factor GNOM-like [KO:K18443]
119996659  ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factor GNOM-like [KO:K18443]
119999999  ADP-ribosylation factor 2 [KO:K07937]
120003900  ADP-ribosylation factor 2-like [KO:K07937]
119992298  ADP-ribosylation factor 2-like [KO:K07937]
119993072  ADP-ribosylation factor 1-like [KO:K07937]
119982669  ADP-ribosylation factor-like isoform X1 [KO:K07937]
119995924  ADP-ribosylation factor 1-like 2 [KO:K07937]
119984415  ADP-ribosylation factor 2-like [KO:K07937]
120008057  ADP-ribosylation factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07937]
120009537  ADP-ribosylation factor 2-B-like [KO:K07937]
120010757  ADP-ribosylation factor 2-B [KO:K07937]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
PMID:19007773
  Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
  Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 315:1610-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.10.014
Reference
PMID:18647649
  Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
  Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
  Journal
Cell Signal 21:1-6 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.020
Reference
PMID:15261671
  Authors
Sorkin A
  Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 16:392-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.06.001
Reference
PMID:19325624
  Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
  Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
  Journal
Nature 458:445-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nature07961
Reference
PMID:20110990
  Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
  Title
The endocytic matrix.
  Journal
Nature 463:464-73 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08910
Reference
PMID:15687999
  Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
  Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:112-26 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1571
Reference
PMID:19924646
  Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
  Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
  Journal
Histol Histopathol 25:99-112 (2010)
DOI:10.14670/HH-25.99
Reference
PMID:16203612
  Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
  Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
  Journal
Ann Med 37:394-403 (2005)
DOI:10.1080/07853890510011976
Reference
PMID:19696797
  Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
  Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:597-608 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2755
Reference
PMID:22193161
  Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
  Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 14:29-37 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ncb2374
Related
pathway
twl04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
twl04130  SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
ko04144   
LinkDB

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