KEGG   PATHWAY: ecb05225
Entry
ecb05225                    Pathway                                
Name
Hepatocellular carcinoma - Equus caballus (horse)
Description
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major type of primary liver cancer and one of the rare human neoplasms etiologically linked to viral factors. It has been shown that, after HBV/HCV infection and alcohol or aflatoxin B1 exposure, genetic and epigenetic changes occur. The recurrent mutated genes were found to be highly enriched in multiple key driver signaling processes, including telomere maintenance, TP53, cell cycle regulation, the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (CTNNB1 and AXIN1), the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Recent studies using whole-exome sequencing have revealed recurrent mutations in new driver genes involved in the chromatin remodelling (ARID1A and ARID2) and the oxidative stress (NFE2L2) pathways.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
ecb05225  Hepatocellular carcinoma
ecb05225

Organism
Equus caballus (horse) [GN:ecb]
Gene
100060423  TGFA; protransforming growth factor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08774]
100067755  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100034182  IGF2; insulin-like growth factor II precursor [KO:K13769]
100055698  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100070545  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X3 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100055670  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100063318  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100069215  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100062549  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100051388  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375]
100063053  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06279]
100146209  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447]
100061926  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
100055699  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
100051866  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
100053889  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
100066282  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
100055481  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
100064473  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
100051785  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: GTPase KRas-like [KO:K07827]
100059469  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
100061212  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X2 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100065760  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X2 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100051110  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100065996  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100063190  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100057701  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100066173  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100051623  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100058141  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100051753  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100052122  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100050227  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649]
100146348  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
100062388  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
100064671  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100054961  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100061130  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100051341  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X3 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100053005  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100057481  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100055447  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
100053597  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
100068097  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
100057080  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K06618]
100069192  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
100057866  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 isoform X2 [KO:K09389]
100052248  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
100630695  TERT; telomerase reverse transcriptase isoform X1 [KO:K11126] [EC:2.7.7.49]
100062044  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
100064022  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
100054996  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
100059768  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
100630299  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
100054674  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
100061755  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
100051180  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10140]
100065534  POLK; DNA polymerase kappa [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
100146270  cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B [KO:K06621]
100051005  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 isoform X2 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
100061625  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
102149114  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
100033900  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 precursor [KO:K13375]
100050377  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K13376]
111771316  transforming growth factor beta-2-like isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
100051765  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 [KO:K13377]
100034117  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
100033860  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
100033843  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
100033845  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605]
100033846  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
100058859  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
100063931  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
100056092  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 precursor [KO:K00182]
100049880  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
100061145  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
100071678  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 isoform X1 [KO:K00408]
100056017  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
100059157  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a isoform X1 [KO:K00444]
100058824  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 isoform X1 [KO:K00445]
100053027  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
100055450  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
111768287  protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
100070360  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
100072609  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a isoform X3 [KO:K00714]
100061110  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a isoform X1 [KO:K01064]
100063730  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
100051649  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
111773843  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
100064184  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 [KO:K01384]
100071393  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
102147960  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
106783041  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
100050809  FZD2; frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
100054732  FZD3; frizzled-3 [KO:K02329]
100050465  FZD4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
100146215  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
111771171  FZD8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
100056351  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
100062909  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
100061635  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
100063409  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03068]
100147353  LRP5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03068]
100061612  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
100147200  DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
100147654  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
111773577  FRAT1; proto-oncogene FRAT1 [KO:K03069]
111773573  FRAT2; GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2 [KO:K03096]
100061033  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X6 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100065116  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
100630049  AXIN2; axin-2 [KO:K04385]
100064431  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein [KO:K02085]
100147102  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
100055241  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
100060556  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X2 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100072786  TCF7; transcription factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K02620]
100067427  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 [KO:K04490]
100059146  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04491]
100072938  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X6 [KO:K04492]
100055128  KEAP1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 [KO:K10456]
100066816  NFE2L2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05638]
100069058  HMOX1; heme oxygenase 1 [KO:K00510] [EC:1.14.14.18]
100067237  NQO1; NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 [KO:K00355] [EC:1.6.5.2]
100058329  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 isoform X3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100058290  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100056506  glutathione S-transferase A2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100056597  GSTA4; glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100056462  glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100056332  GSTA1; glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100050322  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100069318  glutathione S-transferase A4-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100061826  GSTM3; glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100058514  MGST3; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100069640  GSTO1; glutathione S-transferase omega-1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100064102  MGST1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100061761  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutathione S-transferase Mu 4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100069628  GSTO2; glutathione S-transferase omega-2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100271875  glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100630562  MGST2; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100056418  GSTA3; glutathione S-transferase A3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100064796  glutathione S-transferase A1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100069298  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutathione S-transferase A1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100146315  glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100146804  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100629609  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100050390  glutathione S-transferase theta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100053468  glutathione S-transferase theta-3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100053249  glutathione S-transferase P [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100059533  glutathione S-transferase P [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100067923  TXNRD1; thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic [KO:K22182] [EC:1.8.1.9]
100060514  TXNRD3; thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22182] [EC:1.8.1.9]
100051917  TXNRD2; thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K22182] [EC:1.8.1.9]
100049848  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K05460]
100056013  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor precursor [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100062924  GAB1; GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K09593]
100050139  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
100033878  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
100065792  ACTL6A; actin-like protein 6A isoform X2 [KO:K11340]
100069035  ACTL6B; actin-like protein 6B isoform X1 [KO:K11652]
100064261  SMARCD3; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 3 isoform X1 [KO:K11650]
100053934  SMARCD2; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11650]
100059851  SMARCD1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11650]
100049916  PHF10; PHD finger protein 10 isoform X1 [KO:K22197]
100055250  DPF3; zinc finger protein DPF3 isoform X1 [KO:K22198]
100064014  DPF1; zinc finger protein neuro-d4 isoform X1 [KO:K22198]
100061001  ARID1B; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B isoform X1 [KO:K11653]
100071048  ARID1A; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A isoform X1 [KO:K11653]
100054136  SMARCE1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1 isoform X2 [KO:K11651]
100056521  SMARCB1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11648]
100064492  SMARCC1; SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC1 isoform X1 [KO:K11649]
100059404  SMARCC2; SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC2 isoform X1 [KO:K11649]
100054949  SMARCA4; transcription activator BRG1 isoform X2 [KO:K11647] [EC:5.6.2.-]
100058279  SMARCA2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable global transcription activator SNF2L2 [KO:K11647] [EC:5.6.2.-]
100055426  ARID2; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11765]
100051687  PBRM1; protein polybromo-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11757]
100059012  BRD7; bromodomain-containing protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K11723]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00039  DNA
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01471  Acrolein
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06793  Vinyl chloride
C06800  Aflatoxin B1
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C21641  Hydroperoxyl radical
C21642  4-Hydroxynonenal
Reference
PMID:20639898
  Authors
Whittaker S, Marais R, Zhu AX
  Title
The role of signaling pathways in the development and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
Oncogene 29:4989-5005 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/onc.2010.236
Reference
PMID:26099527
  Authors
Zucman-Rossi J, Villanueva A, Nault JC, Llovet JM
  Title
Genetic Landscape and Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 149:1226-1239.e4 (2015)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.061
Reference
PMID:17295177
  Authors
Villanueva A, Newell P, Chiang DY, Friedman SL, Llovet JM.
  Title
Genomics and signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Semin Liver Dis 27:55-76 (2007)
DOI:10.1055/s-2006-960171
Reference
PMID:16799620
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Breuhahn K, Longerich T, Schirmacher P
  Title
Dysregulation of growth factor signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Oncogene 25:3787-800 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1209556
Reference
PMID:19387255
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Minguez B, Tovar V, Chiang D, Villanueva A, Llovet JM
  Title
Pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and molecular therapies.
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Curr Opin Gastroenterol 25:186-94 (2009)
DOI:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32832962a1
Reference
PMID:21829020
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Kudo M
  Title
Signaling pathway and molecular-targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Dig Dis 29:289-302 (2011)
DOI:10.1159/000327562
Reference
PMID:23994386
  Authors
Nault JC, Zucman-Rossi J
  Title
Genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma: the next generation.
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J Hepatol 60:224-6 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.08.019
Reference
PMID:11935086
  Authors
Rocken C, Carl-McGrath S.
  Title
Pathology and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Dig Dis 19:269-78 (2001)
DOI:10.1159/000050693
Reference
PMID:21303380
  Authors
Cornella H, Alsinet C, Villanueva A
  Title
Molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Alcohol Clin Exp Res 35:821-5 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01406.x
Reference
PMID:27895396
  Authors
Niu ZS, Niu XJ, Wang WH
  Title
Genetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma: An update.
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World J Gastroenterol 22:9069-9095 (2016)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v22.i41.9069
Reference
PMID:11956813
  Authors
Tannapfel A, Wittekind C
  Title
Genes involved in hepatocellular carcinoma: deregulation in cell cycling and apoptosis.
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Virchows Arch 440:345-52 (2002)
DOI:10.1007/s00428-002-0617-x
Reference
PMID:23426905
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Shiraha H, Yamamoto K, Namba M
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Human hepatocyte carcinogenesis (review).
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Int J Oncol 42:1133-8 (2013)
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Reference
PMID:23887712
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Nault JC, Mallet M, Pilati C, Calderaro J, Bioulac-Sage P, Laurent C, Laurent A, Cherqui D, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J
  Title
High frequency of telomerase reverse-transcriptase promoter somatic mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma and preneoplastic lesions.
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Nat Commun 4:2218 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/ncomms3218
Reference
PMID:22561517
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Guichard C, Amaddeo G, Imbeaud S, Ladeiro Y, Pelletier L, Maad IB, Calderaro J, Bioulac-Sage P, Letexier M, Degos F, Clement B, Balabaud C, Chevet E, Laurent A, Couchy G, Letouze E, Calvo F, Zucman-Rossi J
  Title
Integrated analysis of somatic mutations and focal copy-number changes identifies key genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Nat Genet 44:694-8 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ng.2256
Reference
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Praslicka BJ, Kerins MJ, Ooi A
  Title
The complex role of NRF2 in cancer: a genomic view
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Curr Opin Toxicol 1:37-45 (2016)
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Reference
PMID:24024136
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Kansanen E, Kuosmanen SM, Leinonen H, Levonen AL
  Title
The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway: Mechanisms of activation and dysregulation in cancer.
  Journal
Redox Biol 1:45-9 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.redox.2012.10.001
Reference
PMID:21251164
  Authors
Taguchi K, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in stress response and cancer evolution.
  Journal
Genes Cells 16:123-40 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2010.01473.x
Reference
PMID:20019356
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Klaunig JE, Kamendulis LM, Hocevar BA
  Title
Oxidative stress and oxidative damage in carcinogenesis.
  Journal
Toxicol Pathol 38:96-109 (2010)
DOI:10.1177/0192623309356453
Reference
PMID:11193292
  Authors
Krupp G, Bonatz G, Parwaresch R
  Title
Telomerase, immortality and cancer.
  Journal
Biotechnol Annu Rev 6:103-40 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S1387-2656(00)06020-8
Reference
PMID:27323951
  Authors
Jafri MA, Ansari SA, Alqahtani MH, Shay JW
  Title
Roles of telomeres and telomerase in cancer, and advances in telomerase-targeted therapies.
  Journal
Genome Med 8:69 (2016)
DOI:10.1186/s13073-016-0324-x
Reference
PMID:27029895
  Authors
Shay JW
  Title
Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer.
  Journal
Cancer Discov 6:584-93 (2016)
DOI:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0062
Reference
PMID:27508192
  Authors
Granito A, Guidetti E, Gramantieri L
  Title
c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase as a molecular target in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Journal
J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2:29-38 (2015)
DOI:10.2147/JHC.S77038
Reference
PMID:16934487
  Authors
Vita M, Henriksson M
  Title
The Myc oncoprotein as a therapeutic target for human cancer.
  Journal
Semin Cancer Biol 16:318-30 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.07.015
Reference
PMID:24096051
  Authors
Qu A, Jiang C, Cai Y, Kim JH, Tanaka N, Ward JM, Shah YM, Gonzalez FJ
  Title
Role of Myc in hepatocellular proliferation and hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Hepatol 60:331-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.09.024
Related
pathway
ecb04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ecb04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ecb04110  Cell cycle
ecb04115  p53 signaling pathway
ecb04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
ecb04310  Wnt signaling pathway
ecb04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
ecb04932  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
ecb04936  Alcoholic liver disease
ecb05160  Hepatitis C
ecb05161  Hepatitis B
KO pathway
ko05225   
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