Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is characterized by incomplete separation of forebrain and facial components into left and right sides.
Category
Congenital malformation
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
20 Developmental anomalies
Structural developmental anomalies primarily affecting one body system
Structural developmental anomalies of the nervous system
LA05 Cerebral structural developmental anomalies
H00267 Holoprosencephaly
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Signal transduction
nt06501 HH signaling
H00267 Holoprosencephaly
Cellular process
nt06512 Chromosome cohesion and segregation
H00267 Holoprosencephaly
De Franco E, Watson RA, Weninger WJ, Wong CC, Flanagan SE, Caswell R, Green A, Tudor C, Lelliott CJ, Geyer SH, Maurer-Gesek B, Reissig LF, Lango Allen H, Caliebe A, Siebert R, Holterhus PM, Deeb A, Prin F, Hilbrands R, Heimberg H, Ellard S, Hattersley AT, Barroso I
Title
A Specific CNOT1 Mutation Results in a Novel Syndrome of Pancreatic Agenesis and Holoprosencephaly through Impaired Pancreatic and Neurological Development.
Kruszka P, Berger SI, Casa V, Dekker MR, Gaesser J, Weiss K, Martinez AF, Murdock DR, Louie RJ, Prijoles EJ, Lichty AW, Brouwer OF, Zonneveld-Huijssoon E, Stephan MJ, Hogue J, Hu P, Tanima-Nagai M, Everson JL, Prasad C, Cereda A, Iascone M, Schreiber A, Zurcher V, Corsten-Janssen N, Escobar L, Clegg NJ, Delgado MR, Hajirnis O, Balasubramanian M, Kayserili H, Deardorff M, Poot RA, Wendt KS, Lipinski RJ, Muenke M
Drissi I, Fletcher E, Shaheen R, Nahorski M, Alhashem AM, Lisgo S, Fernandez-Jaen A, Schon K, Tlili-Graiess K, Smithson SF, Lindsay S, J Sharpe H, Alkuraya FS, Woods G
Title
Mutations in phospholipase C eta-1 (PLCH1) are associated with holoprosencephaly.
Anophthalmia Microphthalmia, isolated (MCOP) Microphthalmia with coloboma (MCPCB)
Description
Anophthalmia and/or microphthalmia (A/M) can be defined as an absence or reduced size of the globe in the orbit. Anophthalmia refers to complete absence of the globe in the presence of ocular adnexae. Microphthalmia is defined as a globe with a total axial length that is at least two standard deviations below the mean for age. Coloboma, or a defect in the closure of the choroid fissure, is most common ocular malformation associated with microphthalmia. Coloboma is considered to be part of the A/M spectrum. A/M can be isolated, associated other anomalies or part of a well defined syndrome. A/M have complex aetiology with chromosomal, monogenic and environmental causes identified.
Category
Congenital malformation
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
20 Developmental anomalies
Structural developmental anomalies primarily affecting one body system
Structural developmental anomalies of the eye, eyelid or lacrimal apparatus
LA10 Structural developmental anomalies of ocular globes
H01027 Microphthalmia
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Signal transduction
nt06505 WNT signaling
H01027 Microphthalmia
nt06501 HH signaling
H01027 Microphthalmia
Ayala-Ramirez R, Graue-Wiechers F, Robredo V, Amato-Almanza M, Horta-Diez I, Zenteno JC
Title
A new autosomal recessive syndrome consisting of posterior microphthalmos, retinitis pigmentosa, foveoschisis, and optic disc drusen is caused by a MFRP gene mutation.
Gal A, Rau I, El Matri L, Kreienkamp HJ, Fehr S, Baklouti K, Chouchane I, Li Y, Rehbein M, Fuchs J, Fledelius HC, Vilhelmsen K, Schorderet DF, Munier FL, Ostergaard E, Thompson DA, Rosenberg T
Title
Autosomal-recessive posterior microphthalmos is caused by mutations in PRSS56, a gene encoding a trypsin-like serine protease.
Ye M, Berry-Wynne KM, Asai-Coakwell M, Sundaresan P, Footz T, French CR, Abitbol M, Fleisch VC, Corbett N, Allison WT, Drummond G, Walter MA, Underhill TM, Waskiewicz AJ, Lehmann OJ
Title
Mutation of the bone morphogenetic protein GDF3 causes ocular and skeletal anomalies.
Wang L, He F, Bu J, Zhen Y, Liu X, Du W, Dong J, Cooney JD, Dubey SK, Shi Y, Gong B, Li J, McBride PF, Jia Y, Lu F, Soltis KA, Lin Y, Namburi P, Liang C, Sundaresan P, Paw BH, Li W, Li DY, Phillips JD, Yang Z
Casey J, Kawaguchi R, Morrissey M, Sun H, McGettigan P, Nielsen JE, Conroy J, Regan R, Kenny E, Cormican P, Morris DW, Tormey P, Chroinin MN, Kennedy BN, Lynch S, Green A, Ennis S
Title
First implication of STRA6 mutations in isolated anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and coloboma: a new dimension to the STRA6 phenotype.
Liu C, Widen SA, Williamson KA, Ratnapriya R, Gerth-Kahlert C, Rainger J, Alur RP, Strachan E, Manjunath SH, Balakrishnan A, Floyd JA, Li T, Waskiewicz A, Brooks BP, Lehmann OJ, FitzPatrick DR, Swaroop A
Title
A secreted WNT-ligand-binding domain of FZD5 generated by a frameshift mutation causes autosomal dominant coloboma.
