KEGG   PATHWAY: aten00480
Entry
aten00480                   Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Actinia tenebrosa (Australian red waratah sea anemone)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
aten00480  Glutathione metabolism
aten00480

Module
aten_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:aten00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Actinia tenebrosa (Australian red waratah sea anemone) [GN:aten]
Gene
116308687  uncharacterized protein LOC116308687 [KO:K00681] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13]
116294739  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116294740  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116294999  uncharacterized protein LOC116294999 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116287880  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116304789  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116288343  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116305715  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116298990  uncharacterized protein LOC116298990 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116292320  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116301162  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116292947  glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
116286406  uncharacterized protein LOC116286406 [KO:K00682] [EC:4.3.2.9]
116286419  glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-like [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
116300196  putative glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2 [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
116292573  5-oxoprolinase-like [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
116304386  glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit-like isoform X1 [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]
116294478  uncharacterized protein LOC116294478 [KO:K11205]
116294479  uncharacterized protein LOC116294479 [KO:K11205]
116303066  glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
116300109  glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
116301868  glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
116296827  cytosol aminopeptidase-like [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
116302420  putative aminopeptidase W07G4.4 [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
116295370  aminopeptidase Ey-like [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
116302915  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116286228  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116286234  glutathione S-transferase U7-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116303949  glutathione S-transferase theta-1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116297823  glutathione S-transferase theta-1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116290130  probable glutathione S-transferase 9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116306842  glutathione S-transferase Mu 2-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116306843  glutathione S-transferase Mu 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116306869  glutathione S-transferase Mu 3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116290848  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116307873  uncharacterized protein LOC116307873 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116292868  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116293524  glutathione S-transferase-like [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116291424  glutathione S-transferase kappa 1-like [KO:K13299] [EC:2.5.1.18]
116306876  hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase-like [KO:K04097] [EC:5.3.99.2 2.5.1.18]
116306881  hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K04097] [EC:5.3.99.2 2.5.1.18]
116304405  glutathione S-transferase DHAR1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
116307908  probable N-acetyltransferase camello [KO:K20838] [EC:2.3.1.80 2.3.1.-]
116307913  N-acetylaspartate synthetase-like [KO:K20838] [EC:2.3.1.80 2.3.1.-]
116293235  probable N-acetyltransferase camello [KO:K20838] [EC:2.3.1.80 2.3.1.-]
116289952  glutathione reductase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
116303639  cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
116307767  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
116298045  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating-like [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
116289479  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
116293063  thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12-like [KO:K05360] [EC:1.8.4.2]
116303299  glutathione peroxidase-like [KO:K05361] [EC:1.11.1.12]
116294160  glutathione peroxidase-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
116294569  glutathione peroxidase 1-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
116300664  glutathione peroxidase 7-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
116304834  peroxiredoxin-6-like [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
116287891  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
116308917  ornithine decarboxylase-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
116301949  antizyme inhibitor 2-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
116301950  ornithine decarboxylase 1-like [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
116297865  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit-like [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
116288932  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2 B-like [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
aten00220  Arginine biosynthesis
aten00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
aten00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
aten00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   
LinkDB

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