KEGG   PATHWAY: cmao00900
Entry
cmao00900                   Pathway                                
Name
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis - Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui)
Description
Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a large class of natural products consisting of isoprene (C5) units. There are two biosynthetic pathways, the mevalonate pathway [MD:M00095] and the non-mevalonate pathway or the MEP/DOXP pathway [MD:M00096], for the terpenoid building blocks: isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). The action of prenyltransferases then generates higher-order building blocks: geranyl diphosphate (GPP), farsenyl diphosphate (FPP), and geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), which are the precursors of monoterpenoids (C10), sesquiterpenoids (C15), and diterpenoids (C20), respectively. Condensation of these building blocks gives rise to the precursors of sterols (C30) and carotenoids (C40). The MEP/DOXP pathway is absent in higher animals and fungi, but in green plants the MEP/DOXP and mevalonate pathways co-exist in separate cellular compartments. The MEP/DOXP pathway, operating in the plastids, is responsible for the formation of essential oil monoterpenes and linalyl acetate, some sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and carotenoids and phytol. The mevalonate pathway, operating in the cytosol, gives rise to triterpenes, sterols, and most sesquiterpenes.
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides
Pathway map
cmao00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
cmao00900

Module
cmao_M00095  C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:cmao00900]
cmao_M00367  C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:cmao00900]
Other DBs
GO: 0009240 0016091
Organism
Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) [GN:cmao]
Gene
118824562  acat1; acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
118815613  acat2; acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
118824293  hmgcs1; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, cytoplasmic isoform X1 [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
118819954  hmgcrb; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase b [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
118827647  hmgcra; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase a [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
118827782  mvk; mevalonate kinase [KO:K00869] [EC:2.7.1.36]
118797341  pmvk; phosphomevalonate kinase [KO:K13273] [EC:2.7.4.2]
118817983  mvda; diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase [KO:K01597] [EC:4.1.1.33]
118815907  idi1; isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase 1 [KO:K01823] [EC:5.3.3.2]
118825289  fdps; farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase [KO:K00787] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10]
118810730  ggps1; geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00804] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
118815722  pdss1; decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase subunit 1 [KO:K12504] [EC:2.5.1.91]
118811013  pdss2; decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase subunit 2 [KO:K12505] [EC:2.5.1.91]
118799134  dhdds; dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase complex subunit DHDDS [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
118815746  nus1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase complex subunit nus1 [KO:K19177] [EC:2.5.1.87]
118806932  fnta; protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type-1 subunit alpha [KO:K05955] [EC:2.5.1.58 2.5.1.59]
118815692  fntb; protein farnesyltransferase subunit beta [KO:K05954] [EC:2.5.1.58]
118820036  CAAX prenyl protease 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08658] [EC:3.4.26.1]
118826403  rce1a; CAAX prenyl protease 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08658] [EC:3.4.26.1]
118823749  zmpste24; CAAX prenyl protease 1 homolog [KO:K06013] [EC:3.4.24.84]
118822634  icmt; protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase [KO:K00587] [EC:2.1.1.100]
118824512  prenylcysteine oxidase-like [KO:K05906] [EC:1.8.3.5 1.8.3.6]
118824583  prenylcysteine oxidase-like [KO:K05906] [EC:1.8.3.5 1.8.3.6]
118825081  prenylcysteine oxidase-like [KO:K05906] [EC:1.8.3.5 1.8.3.6]
Compound
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00118  D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
C00129  Isopentenyl diphosphate
C00235  Dimethylallyl diphosphate
C00332  Acetoacetyl-CoA
C00341  Geranyl diphosphate
C00353  Geranylgeranyl diphosphate
C00356  (S)-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
C00418  (R)-Mevalonate
C00448  trans,trans-Farnesyl diphosphate
C01107  (R)-5-Phosphomevalonate
C01126  (2E,6E)-Farnesol
C01143  (R)-5-Diphosphomevalonate
C01230  all-trans-Hexaprenyl diphosphate
C02321  cis-1,4-Polyisoprene
C03461  2-trans,6-trans-Farnesal
C04145  all-trans-Nonaprenyl diphosphate
C04146  all-trans-Octaprenyl diphosphate
C04216  all-trans-Heptaprenyl diphosphate
C04506  Protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine
C04574  di-trans,poly-cis-Undecaprenyl diphosphate
C04748  Protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester
C05427  Phytyl diphosphate
C05859  ditrans,polycis-Polyprenyl diphosphate
C06081  Polyprenol
C11434  2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate
C11435  4-(Cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
C11436  2-Phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C11453  2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate
C11811  1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-butenyl 4-diphosphate
C16521  Isoprene
C16826  2-cis,6-trans-Farnesyl diphosphate
C17432  all-trans-Decaprenyl diphosphate
C18321  trans,octacis-Decaprenyl diphosphate
C19691  Farnesylcysteine
C19760  2-cis,6-cis-Farnesyl diphosphate
C19852  tritrans,heptacis-Undecaprenyl diphosphate
C19853  trans,polycis-Polyprenyl diphosphate
C20120  S-Farnesyl protein
C20121  trans,trans-Farnesyl phosphate
C20345  Isopentenyl phosphate
C20847  (R)-Mevalonate 3-phosphate
C20848  (R)-Mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate
C22453  trans-Anhydromevalonate 5-phosphate
Reference
  Authors
Lange BM, Ghassemian M.
  Title
Genome organization in Arabidopsis thaliana: a survey for genes involved in isoprenoid and chlorophyll metabolism.
  Journal
Plant Mol Biol 51:925-48 (2003)
DOI:10.1023/A:1023005504702
Reference
  Authors
Saiki R, Nagata A, Kainou T, Matsuda H, Kawamukai M
  Title
Characterization of solanesyl and decaprenyl diphosphate synthases in mice and humans.
  Journal
FEBS J 272:5606-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04956.x
Reference
PMID:9858571
  Authors
Sato M, Sato K, Nishikawa S, Hirata A, Kato J, Nakano A
  Title
The yeast RER2 gene, identified by endoplasmic reticulum protein localization mutations, encodes cis-prenyltransferase, a key enzyme in dolichol synthesis.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biol 19:471-83 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.19.1.471
Reference
  Authors
Vannice JC, Skaff DA, Keightley A, Addo JK, Wyckoff GJ, Miziorko HM
  Title
Identification in Haloferax volcanii of phosphomevalonate decarboxylase and isopentenyl phosphate kinase as catalysts of the terminal enzyme reactions in an  archaeal alternate mevalonate pathway.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 196:1055-63 (2014)
DOI:10.1128/JB.01230-13
Related
pathway
cmao00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
cmao00100  Steroid biosynthesis
cmao00130  Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis
cmao00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
cmao00510  N-Glycan biosynthesis
KO pathway
ko00900   
LinkDB

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