KEGG   PATHWAY: malb00480
Entry
malb00480                   Pathway                                
Name
Glutathione metabolism - Monopterus albus (swamp eel)
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
Pathway map
malb00480  Glutathione metabolism
malb00480

Module
malb_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:malb00480]
Other DBs
GO: 0006749
Organism
Monopterus albus (swamp eel) [GN:malb]
Gene
109964675  gamma-glutamyltransferase 7-like [KO:K00681] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13]
109955976  gamma-glutamyltransferase 7-like isoform X1 [KO:K00681] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13]
109969871  uncharacterized protein LOC109969871 isoform X1 [KO:K00681] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13]
109951315  gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
109951319  ggt5; gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
109954771  gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1-like [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
109963956  ggct; gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase [KO:K00682] [EC:4.3.2.9]
109962982  chac2; putative glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2 [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
109962159  chac1; glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
109967976  glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1-like [KO:K07232] [EC:4.3.2.7]
109965522  oplah; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 5-oxoprolinase [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
109961911  gclc; glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]
109967426  gclm; glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit [KO:K11205]
109970414  gss; glutathione synthetase [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
109972124  lap3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytosol aminopeptidase [KO:K11142] [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
109956534  putative aminopeptidase W07G4.4 [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
109951278  aminopeptidase Ey-like [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
109951284  aminopeptidase N-like [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
109969906  aminopeptidase N-like isoform X1 [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
109968422  aminopeptidase N-like isoform X1 [KO:K11140] [EC:3.4.11.2]
109964994  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109957288  glutathione S-transferase theta-1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109957404  glutathione S-transferase theta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109957405  glutathione S-transferase theta-1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109961924  gsta4; glutathione S-transferase A4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109960363  gsto1; glutathione S-transferase omega-1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109951675  glutathione S-transferase A-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109973023  mgst1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109970511  glutathione S-transferase Mu 3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109972515  glutathione S-transferase theta-3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109970671  mgst3; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109966149  gstk1; glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 [KO:K13299] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109968766  lancl1; lanC-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K25210] [EC:2.5.1.18]
109962441  nat8; N-acetyltransferase 8 [KO:K20838] [EC:2.3.1.80 2.3.1.-]
109971435  probable N-acetyltransferase camello isoform X1 [KO:K20838] [EC:2.3.1.80 2.3.1.-]
109970779  probable N-acetyltransferase camello [KO:K20838] [EC:2.3.1.80 2.3.1.-]
109972048  gsr; glutathione reductase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
109967183  idh2; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
109971574  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial-like [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
109971637  idh1; isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
109970334  pgd; 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating isoform X1 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
109966044  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
109970048  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
109955296  txndc12; thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 [KO:K05360] [EC:1.8.4.2]
109969232  phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K05361] [EC:1.11.1.12]
109966994  gpx4; phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05361] [EC:1.11.1.12]
109963093  glutathione peroxidase 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109964995  glutathione peroxidase 1-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109956336  gpx3; glutathione peroxidase 3 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109956668  gpx8; probable glutathione peroxidase 8 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109964440  glutathione peroxidase 1-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109953768  glutathione peroxidase 7-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109967964  glutathione peroxidase 2-like [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109975024  gpx7; glutathione peroxidase 7 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
109952422  peroxiredoxin-6-like [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
109970640  peroxiredoxin-6-like [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
109965017  odc1; ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
109971053  srm; spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
109959604  sms; spermine synthase [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]
109974364  rrm1; ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
109958595  rrm2b; ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2 B [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
109953831  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2-like [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
109974456  rrm2; ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2 [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
Compound
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00051  Glutathione
C00072  Ascorbate
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00134  Putrescine
C00151  L-Amino acid
C00315  Spermidine
C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
C00750  Spermine
C01322  RX
C01419  Cys-Gly
C01672  Cadaverine
C01879  5-Oxoproline
C02090  Trypanothione
C02320  R-S-Glutathione
C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
C05422  Dehydroascorbate
C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
C16562  Glutathionylspermine
C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
C16567  Homotrypanothione
C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
C16663  Tryparedoxin
C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
Reference
  Authors
Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  Title
Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
Reference
  Authors
Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  Title
A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
Reference
  Authors
Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  Title
New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  Journal
Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
Reference
  Authors
Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  Title
Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
Reference
PMID:9677355
  Authors
Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
Reference
  Authors
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
Reference
  Authors
Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
Reference
  Authors
Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  Title
Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
Reference
PMID:7813456
  Authors
Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  Title
The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  Journal
Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
Reference
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  Title
Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
Reference
PMID:8892297
  Authors
Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  Title
Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
Reference
  Authors
Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
Reference
  Authors
Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
Reference
PMID:9851611
  Authors
Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  Journal
Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
Reference
  Authors
Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  Title
Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
Reference
  Authors
Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  Title
Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
Reference
  Authors
Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  Title
A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
Reference
  Authors
Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  Title
A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
Reference
  Authors
Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  Title
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
Reference
PMID:6798961
  Authors
Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  Title
Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  Journal
Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
Related
pathway
malb00220  Arginine biosynthesis
malb00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
malb00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
malb00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
KO pathway
ko00480   
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