KEGG   PATHWAY: ocu04721
Entry
ocu04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
ocu04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
ocu04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit) [GN:ocu]
Gene
100350638  vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
100340936  chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155]
100351780  synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
100346044  vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
127488394  vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
100338809  vesicular glutamate transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
100339044  vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
100349381  vesicular glutamate transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
100350072  synaptotagmin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15290]
100008775  vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
100345340  regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15291]
100008772  syntaxin-1A [KO:K04560]
100352556  syntaxin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
100353632  syntaxin-1B [KO:K08486]
100344356  syntaxin-1A [KO:K08486]
100008773  syntaxin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
100357170  syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K15292]
100345810  protein unc-13 homolog B isoform X8 [KO:K15293]
100352093  protein unc-13 homolog C [KO:K15293]
127486214  protein unc-13 homolog A [KO:K15293]
100340057  synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform X1 [KO:K18211]
100339715  complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
100341586  complexin-1 [KO:K15294]
100347445  complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
100352587  complexin-4 [KO:K15295]
100009265  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
100008979  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
100353806  vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X2 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
100353882  alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein isoform X1 [KO:K15296]
100355909  dynamin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
108176538  dynamin-1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100346468  dynamin-3 isoform X6 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100348451  dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100350456  clathrin light chain A isoform X2 [KO:K04644]
100351064  clathrin light chain B isoform X1 [KO:K04645]
100338178  clathrin heavy chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04646]
100351366  clathrin heavy chain 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04646]
103347267  AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 [KO:K11824]
100347007  AP-2 complex subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K11825]
100350578  AP-2 complex subunit mu [KO:K11826]
100349480  AP-2 complex subunit mu-like [KO:K11826]
103345727  AP-2 complex subunit sigma [KO:K11827]
100347673  V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
100341367  V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
100348723  V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform isoform X1 [KO:K02147]
100345545  V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02148]
100343886  V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
100009221  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
100353383  V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02150]
100354167  V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 [KO:K02150]
100352404  V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
103348146  V-type proton ATPase subunit F-like [KO:K02151]
100354566  V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
100349589  V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02152]
100359318  V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
100344527  V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 isoform X2 [KO:K02153]
100341508  V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
100125983  V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 2 [KO:K02154]
100347541  V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 4 [KO:K02154]
100125982  V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a 1 isoform X3 [KO:K02154]
100350237  V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
100350157  V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
100353410  V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
100347710  V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c [KO:K02155]
100351669  V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit c'' [KO:K03661]
103349186  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
100341516  sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter isoform X2 [KO:K05035]
100340600  sodium-dependent serotonin transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05037]
100351167  sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform X3 [KO:K05038]
100339626  sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
100343382  sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040]
100348900  sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
100009202  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
100352075  sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
100009070  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
100350064  excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05613]
100345247  excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05614]
100349456  excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617]
103350182  excitatory amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K05618]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
ocu04144  Endocytosis
ocu04724  Glutamatergic synapse
ocu04725  Cholinergic synapse
ocu04726  Serotonergic synapse
ocu04727  GABAergic synapse
ocu04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   
LinkDB

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