KEGG   PATHWAY: smeg00260
Entry
smeg00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
smeg00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
smeg00260

Module
smeg_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:smeg00260]
smeg_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:smeg00260]
smeg_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:smeg00260]
smeg_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:smeg00260]
smeg_M00919  Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:smeg00260]
smeg_M00975  Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:smeg00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4 [GN:smeg]
Gene
C770_GR4Chr2724  aspartate kinase, monofunctional class [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
C770_GR4Chr3407  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (peptidoglycan organisms) [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
C770_GR4Chr1773  Homoserine dehydrogenase [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
C770_GR4Chr0913  homoserine kinase, Neisseria type [KO:K02204] [EC:2.7.1.39]
C770_GR4Chr0921  threonine synthase [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
C770_GR4Chr2939  Threonine aldolase [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
C770_GR4Chr1220  Glycine/serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
C770_GR4pC0561  bifunctional serine-pyruvate aminotransferase/archaeal aspartate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
C770_GR4Chr0158  bifunctional phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and related dehydrogenase [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
C770_GR4pC0384  bifunctional phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and related dehydrogenase [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
C770_GR4pD0231  Putative glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
C770_GR4Chr3386  Putative glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
C770_GR4pC0610  Putative glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
C770_GR4Chr0168  phosphoglycerate mutase, BPG-dependent, family 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
C770_GR4Chr2292  Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and related dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
C770_GR4Chr2658  Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and related dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
C770_GR4Chr2854  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
C770_GR4pC0650  Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and related dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
C770_GR4Chr2855  Phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
C770_GR4Chr2172  phosphoserine phosphatase SerB [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
C770_GR4Chr2422  2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
C770_GR4Chr2421  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
C770_GR4Chr3127  5-aminolevulinic acid synthase [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
C770_GR4Chr1567  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
C770_GR4Chr0106  Glycine cleavage system T protein (aminomethyltransferase) [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
C770_GR4Chr0111  Glycine cleavage system T protein (aminomethyltransferase) [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
C770_GR4Chr1569  glycine cleavage system T protein [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
C770_GR4Chr3065  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
C770_GR4Chr1470  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
C770_GR4Chr3185  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
C770_GR4Chr1568  glycine cleavage system H protein [KO:K02437]
C770_GR4Chr1131  CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase [KO:K17103] [EC:2.7.8.8]
C770_GR4Chr0949  choline dehydrogenase [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
C770_GR4Chr0950  glycine betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
C770_GR4pC0445  NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
C770_GR4Chr0868  Phenylpropionate dioxygenase and related ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase, large terminal subunit [KO:K00479] [EC:1.14.13.251]
C770_GR4Chr0869  Flavodoxin reductases (ferredoxin-NADPH reductases) family 1 [KO:K21832] [EC:1.14.13.251]
C770_GR4Chr2334  Glycine cleavage system T protein (aminomethyltransferase) [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
C770_GR4pC0569  Glycine cleavage system T protein (aminomethyltransferase) [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
C770_GR4Chr2980  sarcosine oxidase, alpha subunit family, heterotetrameric form [KO:K00302] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
C770_GR4Chr2982  sarcosine oxidase, beta subunit family, heterotetrameric form [KO:K00303] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
C770_GR4Chr2979  sarcosine oxidase, gamma subunit family, heterotetrameric form [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
C770_GR4Chr2981  sarcosine oxidase, delta subunit family, heterotetrameric form [KO:K00304] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
C770_GR4Chr1427  L-serine dehydratase, iron-sulfur-dependent, single chain form [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
C770_GR4Chr1665  threonine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
C770_GR4pD1179  ectoine utilization protein EutB [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
C770_GR4Chr0029  tryptophan synthase, alpha subunit [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
C770_GR4Chr0028  tryptophan synthase, beta subunit [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
C770_GR4pC0043  2,4-diaminobutyrate 4-transaminase [KO:K00836] [EC:2.6.1.76]
C770_GR4pC0042  Glutamate decarboxylase-related PLP-dependent protein [KO:K13745] [EC:4.1.1.86]
C770_GR4pD1177  ectoine utilization protein EutD [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
C770_GR4pD1176  ectoine utilization protein EutE [KO:K15784] [EC:3.5.1.125]
C770_GR4pD1188  Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate aminotransferase [KO:K15785] [EC:2.6.1.76]
C770_GR4pD1187  NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K15786] [EC:1.2.1.-]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
smeg00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
smeg00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
smeg00230  Purine metabolism
smeg00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
smeg00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
smeg00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
smeg00300  Lysine biosynthesis
smeg00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
smeg00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
smeg00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
smeg00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
smeg00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
smeg00620  Pyruvate metabolism
smeg00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
smeg00640  Propanoate metabolism
smeg00680  Methane metabolism
smeg00860  Porphyrin metabolism
smeg00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system