KEGG   PATHWAY: ssc04721
Entry
ssc04721                    Pathway                                
Name
Synaptic vesicle cycle - Sus scrofa (pig)
Description
Communication between neurons is mediated by the release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs). At the nerve terminal, SVs cycle through repetitive episodes of exocytosis and endocytosis. SVs are filled with neurotransmitters by active transport. The loaded SVs are then docked at a specialized region of the presynaptic plasma membrane known as the active zone, where they undergo a priming reaction. Upon arrival of an action potential, Ca2+ enters through voltage-gated channels and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, usually in less than a millisecond. After fusion, the vesicle is retrieved by endocytosis and reloaded for another round of exocytosis.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
ssc04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
ssc04721

Other DBs
GO: 0016079 0048488
Organism
Sus scrofa (pig) [GN:ssc]
Gene
100517013  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
100154435  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
100154950  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
100157804  SLC18A3; vesicular acetylcholine transporter [KO:K14636]
100514772  SLC17A7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302]
100519886  SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
100526221  SLC17A8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vesicular glutamate transporter 3 [KO:K12302]
100513599  SYT1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: synaptotagmin-1 [KO:K15290]
100620549  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
100144498  RAB3A; ras-related protein Rab-3A [KO:K07882]
100157596  RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15291]
100512594  STX1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: syntaxin-1A [KO:K04560]
100155887  STX2; syntaxin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
100520886  STX3; syntaxin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K08486]
100512651  STX1B; syntaxin-1B isoform X2 [KO:K08486]
100517927  STXBP1; syntaxin-binding protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K15292]
100516123  UNC13C; protein unc-13 homolog C isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
100627038  UNC13A; protein unc-13 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
100621404  UNC13B; protein unc-13 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K15293]
100620588  SNAP25; synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform X1 [KO:K18211]
100624856  CPLX1; complexin-1 [KO:K15294]
110259396  CPLX2; complexin-2 [KO:K15294]
100520917  CPLX3; complexin-3 [KO:K15295]
100523764  CPLX4; complexin-4 [KO:K15295]
100525387  CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
102164336  CACNA1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
100624659  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
100515953  NAPA; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein [KO:K15296]
100153921  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X6 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100622420  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100622538  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100187581  CLTA; clathrin light chain A isoform X1 [KO:K04644]
100525860  CLTB; clathrin light chain B isoform X1 [KO:K04645]
100271929  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 [KO:K04646]
100520250  AP2A1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
100513262  AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K11824]
100620457  AP2B1; AP-2 complex subunit beta [KO:K11825]
100626761  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu [KO:K11826]
100514408  AP2S1; AP-2 complex subunit sigma isoform 1 [KO:K11827]
445531  ATP6V1A; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
100523368  ATP6V1B1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
106504095  ATP6V1B2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
100154942  ATP6V1C1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
100512277  ATP6V1C2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 isoform X2 [KO:K02148]
100156681  ATP6V1D; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
100156112  ATP6V1E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150]
100736975  ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02150]
100518811  ATP6V1F; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
100152358  ATP6V1G2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 [KO:K02152]
100154379  ATP6V1G1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
100522819  ATP6V1G3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
733646  ATP6V0E1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
100521769  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X3 [KO:K02154]
100519402  ATP6V0A4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
100523018  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X4 [KO:K02154]
100154525  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X2 [KO:K02154]
100521494  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
100525048  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
397472  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H [KO:K02144]
100518959  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
110261242  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K03661]
100156668  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
100517716  SLC6A2; sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter [KO:K05035]
100521346  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
100517307  SLC6A4; sodium-dependent serotonin transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05037]
100521246  SLC6A5; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2 [KO:K05038]
100624503  SLC6A9; sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05038]
100516251  SLC6A7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium-dependent proline transporter [KO:K05040]
100625136  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05044]
100512716  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05045]
100513014  SLC6A13; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 [KO:K05046]
397003  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
100627068  SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05613]
100516047  SLC1A3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform 1 [KO:K05614]
100518296  SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617]
100519664  SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05618]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00037  Glycine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00388  Histamine
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00780  Serotonin
C01996  Acetylcholine
C03758  Dopamine
C16041  Leu-enkephalin
Reference
PMID:12827282
  Authors
Li L, Chin LS
  Title
The molecular machinery of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:942-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-2240-7
Reference
  Authors
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE, Malenka RC.
  Title
Molecular neuropharmacology: A foundation for clinical neuroscience
  Journal
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (2001)
Reference
PMID:18275379
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
How does synaptotagmin trigger neurotransmitter release?
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 77:615-41 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.062005.101135
Reference
PMID:10212473
  Authors
Benfenati F, Onofri F, Giovedi S
  Title
Protein-protein interactions and protein modules in the control of neurotransmitter release.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:243-57 (1999)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.1999.0376
Reference
PMID:20634814
  Authors
de Saint Basile G, Menasche G, Fischer A
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 10:568-79 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nri2803
Reference
PMID:17767192
  Authors
Carr CM, Munson M
  Title
Tag team action at the synapse.
  Journal
EMBO Rep 8:834-8 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7401051
Reference
PMID:15217342
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 27:509-47 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131412
Reference
PMID:12563290
  Authors
Gundelfinger ED, Kessels MM, Qualmann B
  Title
Temporal and spatial coordination of exocytosis and endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:127-39 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1016
Reference
PMID:16990140
  Authors
Tang J, Maximov A, Shin OH, Dai H, Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
A complexin/synaptotagmin 1 switch controls fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
  Journal
Cell 126:1175-87 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.030
Reference
PMID:12094216
  Authors
Chapman ER
  Title
Synaptotagmin: a Ca(2+) sensor that triggers exocytosis?
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:498-508 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm855
Reference
PMID:7791897
  Authors
Sudhof TC
  Title
The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions.
  Journal
Nature 375:645-53 (1995)
DOI:10.1038/375645a0
Reference
PMID:12154365
  Authors
Rizo J, Sudhof TC
  Title
Snares and Munc18 in synaptic vesicle fusion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:641-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn898
Reference
PMID:18726177
  Authors
Malsam J, Kreye S, Sollner TH
  Title
Membrane fusion: SNAREs and regulation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2814-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-8352-3
Related
pathway
ssc04144  Endocytosis
ssc04724  Glutamatergic synapse
ssc04725  Cholinergic synapse
ssc04726  Serotonergic synapse
ssc04727  GABAergic synapse
ssc04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04721   
LinkDB

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