KEGG   PATHWAY: hai05216
Entry
hai05216                    Pathway                                

Name
Thyroid cancer - Hipposideros armiger (great roundleaf bat)
Description
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and accounts for the majority of endocrine cancer- related deaths each year. More than 95% of thyroid carcinomas are derived from follicular cells. Their behavior varies from the indolent growing, well-differentiated papillary and follicular carcinomas (PTC and FTC, respectively) to the extremely aggressive undifferentiated carcinoma (UC). Somatic rearrangements of RET and TRK are almost exclusively found in PTC and may be found in early stages. The most distinctive molecular features of FTC are the prominence of aneuploidy and the high prevalence of RAS mutations and PAX8-PPAR{gamma} rearrangements. p53 seems to play a crucial role in the dedifferentiation process of thyroid carcinoma.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
hai05216  Thyroid cancer
hai05216

Organism
Hipposideros armiger (great roundleaf bat) [GN:hai]
Gene
109395552  RET; ret proto-oncogene [KO:K05126] [EC:2.7.10.1]
109380633  CCDC6; coiled-coil domain containing 6 [KO:K09288]
109389488  NCOA4; nuclear receptor coactivator 4 [KO:K09289]
109393379  NTRK1; neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1 [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
109373515  TPM3; tropomyosin 3 [KO:K09290]
109379137  TPR; translocated promoter region, nuclear basket protein [KO:K09291]
109385785  TFG; TRK-fused gene [KO:K09292]
109375639  HRAS; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase [KO:K02833]
109385150  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K02833]
109377015  NRAS; neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog [KO:K07828]
109389264  KRAS; KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase [KO:K07827]
109395605  BRAF; B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109385252  MAP2K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109388626  MAP2K2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109385803  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109394900  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109392002  PAX8; paired box 8 [KO:K09293]
109384577  PPARG; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma [KO:K08530]
109381229  RXRA; retinoid X receptor alpha [KO:K08524]
109392460  RXRB; retinoid X receptor beta [KO:K08525]
109385199  retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma-like [KO:K08526]
109392300  retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma-like [KO:K08526]
109394672  TP53; tumor protein p53 [KO:K04451]
109395991  CDKN1A; cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A [KO:K06625]
109384926  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha [KO:K04402]
109374090  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma [KO:K04402]
109390584  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible beta [KO:K04402]
109391068  BAX; BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator [KO:K02159]
109392454  BAK1; BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 [KO:K14021]
109390202  DDB2; damage specific DNA binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
109381899  POLK; DNA polymerase kappa [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
109389333  CDH1; cadherin 1 [KO:K05689]
109377341  CTNNB1; catenin beta 1 [KO:K02105]
109382635  TCF7; transcription factor 7 (T-cell specific, HMG-box) [KO:K02620]
109371340  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7 like 1 [KO:K04490]
109384898  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7 like 2 [KO:K04491]
109379461  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 [KO:K04492]
109383211  MYC; v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog [KO:K04377]
109389297  CCND1; cyclin D1 [KO:K04503]
Reference
  Authors
Kondo T, Ezzat S, Asa SL.
  Title
Pathogenetic mechanisms in thyroid follicular-cell neoplasia.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 6:292-306 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1836
Reference
  Authors
Chiloeches A, Marais R.
  Title
Is BRAF the Achilles' Heel of thyroid cancer?
  Journal
Clin Cancer Res 12:1661-4 (2006)
DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0051
Reference
  Authors
Reddi HV, McIver B, Grebe SK, Eberhardt NL
  Title
The paired box-8/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma oncogene in thyroid tumorigenesis.
  Journal
Endocrinology 148:932-5 (2007)
DOI:10.1210/en.2006-0926
Reference
  Authors
Santoro M, Melillo RM, Fusco A.
  Title
RET/PTC activation in papillary thyroid carcinoma: European Journal of Endocrinology Prize Lecture.
  Journal
Eur J Endocrinol 155:645-653 (2006)
DOI:10.1530/eje.1.02289
Reference
  Authors
Pierotti MA, Greco A.
  Title
Oncogenic rearrangements of the NTRK1/NGF receptor.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 232:90-8 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2005.07.043
Reference
  Authors
Sobrinho-Simoes M, Preto A, Rocha AS, Castro P, Maximo V, Fonseca E, Soares P.
  Title
Molecular pathology of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas.
  Journal
Virchows Arch 447:787-93 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00428-005-0065-5
Reference
  Authors
Gimm O.
  Title
Thyroid cancer.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 163:143-56 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0304-3835(00)00697-2
Reference
  Authors
Williams D.
  Title
Cancer after nuclear fallout: lessons from the Chernobyl accident.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 2:543-9 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrc845
Related
pathway
hai03320  PPAR signaling pathway
hai04010  MAPK signaling pathway
hai04115  p53 signaling pathway
hai04310  Wnt signaling pathway
hai04520  Adherens junction
KO pathway
ko05216   
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