KEGG DISEASE: Gastric cancer

DISEASE: Gastric cancer

Entry

H00018                      Disease

Name

Gastric cancer

Description

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the world's most common cancers. According to Lauren's histological classification gastric cancer is divided into two distinct histological groups - the intestinal and diffuse types. Several genetic changes have been identified in intestinal-type GC. The intestinal metaplasia is characterized by mutations in p53 gene, reduced expression of retinoic acid receptor beta (RAR-beta) and hTERT expression. Gastric adenomas furthermore display mutations in the APC gene, reduced p27 expression and cyclin E amplification. In addition, amplification and overexpression of c-ErbB2, reduced TGF-beta receptor type I (TGFBRI) expression and complete loss of p27 expression are commonly observed in more advanced GC. The main molecular changes observed in diffuse-type GCs include loss of E-cadherin function by mutations in CDH1and amplification of MET and FGFR2F.

Category

Cancer

Brite

Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
  Malignant neoplasms, except primary neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
   Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
    Malignant neoplasms of digestive organs
     2B72  Malignant neoplasms of stomach
      H00018  Gastric cancer
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Replication and repair
  nt06504  Base excision repair
   H00018  Gastric cancer
Signal transduction
  nt06526  MAPK signaling
   H00018  Gastric cancer
  nt06505  WNT signaling
   H00018  Gastric cancer
Tumor markers [br08442.html]
H00018
Cancer-associated carbohydrates [br08441.html]
H00018

Disease
pathway

hsa05226

Gastric cancer

Network

nt06261 Gastric cancer
nt06504 Base excision repair
nt06505 WNT signaling

Gene

CDX2 (overexpression) [HSA:1045] [KO:K22234]
TERT (overexpression) [HSA:7015] [KO:K11126]
RARB (reduced expression) [HSA:5915] [KO:K08528]
CDKN1B (reduced expression) [HSA:1027] [KO:K06624]
TGFBR1 (reduced expression) [HSA:7046] [KO:K04674]
ERBB2 (amplification) [HSA:2064] [KO:K05083]
CCNE1 (amplification) [HSA:898] [KO:K06626]
MET (amplification) [HSA:4233] [KO:K05099]
FGFR2 (amplification) [HSA:2263] [KO:K05093]
MLH1 (methylation) [HSA:4292] [KO:K08734]
TP53 [HSA:7157] [KO:K04451]
APC [HSA:324] [KO:K02085]
CTNNB1 [HSA:1499] [KO:K02105]
KRAS [HSA:3845] [KO:K07827]
NRAS [HSA:4893] [KO:K07828]
CDH1 [HSA:999] [KO:K05689]
MUTYH [HSA:4595] [KO:K03575]
PIK3CA [HSA:5290] [KO:K00922]

Pathogen

Helicobacter pylori (infection with)

Drug

Capecitabine [DR:D01223]
Floxuridine [DR:D04197]
Trifluridine and tipiracil hydrochloride [DR:D10526]
Docetaxel [DR:D07866]
Docetaxel [DR:D02165]
Doxorubicin hydrochloride [DR:D01275]
Mitomycin [DR:D00208]
Trastuzumab [DR:D03257] (HER2 overexpressing)
Trastuzumab deruxtecan [DR:D11529] (HER2 positive)
Nivolumab [DR:D10316]
Pembrolizumab [DR:D10574] (HER2 positive)
Ramucirumab [DR:D09371]
Zolbetuximab [DR:D11527] (HER2 negative, claudin 18.2 positive)

Other DBs

ICD-11:

ICD-10:

MeSH:

OMIM:

Reference

PMID:11315254 (ERBB2, MET, FGFR2, TP53, APC, CTNNB1, KRAS, CDH1)

Authors

Werner M, Becker KF, Keller G, Hofler H.

Title

Gastric adenocarcinoma: pathomorphology and molecular pathology.

Journal

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 127:207-16 (2001)
DOI:10.1007/s004320000195

Reference

PMID:15224192 (CDX2, ERBB2, MET, FGFR2, TP53, APC, CTNNB1, KRAS, CDH1)

Authors

Zheng L, Wang L, Ajani J, Xie K.

Title

Molecular basis of gastric cancer development and progression.

Journal

Gastric Cancer 7:61-77 (2004)
DOI:10.1007/s10120-004-0277-4

Reference

PMID:26073375 (CDX2, TERT, ERBB2, CCNE1, MET, FGFR2, MLH1, TP53, APC, CTNNB1, KRAS, NRAS, CDH1, PIK3CA)

Authors

Tan P, Yeoh KG

Title

Genetics and Molecular Pathogenesis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Journal

Gastroenterology 149:1153-1162.e3 (2015)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.059

Reference

PMID:26267324 (CDKN1B, TGFBR1)

Authors

Riquelme I, Saavedra K, Espinoza JA, Weber H, Garcia P, Nervi B, Garrido M, Corvalan AH, Roa JC, Bizama C

Title

Molecular classification of gastric cancer: Towards a pathway-driven targeted therapy.

Journal

Oncotarget 6:24750-79 (2015)
DOI:10.18632/oncotarget.4990

Reference

PMID:16154715

Authors

Stock M, Otto F

Title

Gene deregulation in gastric cancer.

Journal

Gene 360:1-19 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2005.06.026

Reference

PMID:18381231

Authors

Panani AD

Title

Cytogenetic and molecular aspects of gastric cancer: clinical implications.

Journal

Cancer Lett 266:99-115 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.02.053

Reference

PMID:16997151

Authors

Vauhkonen M, Vauhkonen H, Sipponen P

Title

Pathology and molecular biology of gastric cancer.

Journal

Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 20:651-74 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.bpg.2006.03.016

Reference

PMID:15273732 (MUTYH)

Authors

Kim CJ, Cho YG, Park CH, Kim SY, Nam SW, Lee SH, Yoo NJ, Lee JY, Park WS

Title

Genetic alterations of the MYH gene in gastric cancer.

Journal

Oncogene 23:6820-2 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1207574

Reference

PMID:15608678 (PIK3CA)

Authors

Lee JW, Soung YH, Kim SY, Lee HW, Park WS, Nam SW, Kim SH, Lee JY, Yoo NJ, Lee SH

Title

PIK3CA gene is frequently mutated in breast carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas.

Journal

Oncogene 24:1477-80 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1208304

LinkDB

» Japanese version

DISEASE: Familial adenomatous polyposis

Entry

H01025                      Disease

Name

Familial adenomatous polyposis

Supergrp

Colorectal cancer [DS:H00020]
Solid tumor [DS:H02421]

Description

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder characterized by the early onset of hundreds to thousands of adenomas throughout in the rectum and colon. If left untreated, all patients with FAP develop colon cancer a decade after the appearance of the polyps. The genetic defect in FAP is a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. In a subset of individuals, a MUTYH mutation causes a recessively inherited polyposis condition.

Category

Neoplasm

Brite

Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
  Benign neoplasms, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
   Benign non-mesenchymal neoplasms
    2E92  Benign neoplasm of digestive organs
     H01025  Familial adenomatous polyposis
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Replication and repair
  nt06504  Base excision repair
   H01025  Familial adenomatous polyposis
  nt06503  Mismatch repair
   H01025  Familial adenomatous polyposis
Cellular process
  nt06541  Cytoskeleton in neurons
   H01025  Familial adenomatous polyposis

Pathway

hsa04310

Wnt signaling pathway

hsa03410

Base excision repair

hsa03430

Mismatch repair

Network

nt06503 Mismatch repair
nt06504 Base excision repair
nt06541 Cytoskeleton in neurons

Gene

(FAP1) APC [HSA:324] [KO:K02085]
(FAP2) MUTYH [HSA:4595] [KO:K03575]
(FAP3) NTHL1 [HSA:4913] [KO:K10773]
(FAP4) MSH3 [HSA:4437] [KO:K08736]

Other DBs

ICD-11:

2E92.4

ICD-10:

D12.6

MeSH:

D011125

OMIM:

175100 608456 616415 617100

Reference

PMID:19822006 (FAP1_2)

Authors

Half E, Bercovich D, Rozen P

Title

Familial adenomatous polyposis.

Journal

Orphanet J Rare Dis 4:22 (2009)
DOI:10.1186/1750-1172-4-22

Reference

PMID:21884696 (FAP1)

Authors

Burgess AW, Faux MC, Layton MJ, Ramsay RG

Title

Wnt signaling and colon tumorigenesis--a view from the periphery.

Journal

Exp Cell Res 317:2748-58 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.08.010

Reference

PMID:33087284 (FAP3)

Authors

Das L, Quintana VG, Sweasy JB

Title

NTHL1 in genomic integrity, aging and cancer.

Journal

DNA Repair (Amst) 93:102920 (2020)
DOI:10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102920

Reference

PMID:27476653 (FAP4)

Authors

Adam R, Spier I, Zhao B, Kloth M, Marquez J, Hinrichsen I, Kirfel J, Tafazzoli A, Horpaopan S, Uhlhaas S, Stienen D, Friedrichs N, Altmuller J, Laner A, Holzapfel S, Peters S, Kayser K, Thiele H, Holinski-Feder E, Marra G, Kristiansen G, Nothen MM, Buttner R, Moslein G, Betz RC, Brieger A, Lifton RP, Aretz S

Title

Exome Sequencing Identifies Biallelic MSH3 Germline Mutations as a Recessive Subtype of Colorectal Adenomatous Polyposis.

Journal

Am J Hum Genet 99:337-51 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.06.015

LinkDB

» Japanese version

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