PATHWAY: aly00020 Help
Entry
Name
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) - Arabidopsis lyrata (lyrate rockcress)
Description
The citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is an important aerobic pathway for the final steps of the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids. The cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, the activated form of acetate, derived from glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation for carbohydrates and from beta oxidation of fatty acids. The two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl-CoA is transferred to the four-carbon compound of oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon compound of citrate. In a series of reactions two carbons in citrate are oxidized to CO2 and the reaction pathway supplies NADH for use in the oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes. The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. At the end of the cycle the remaining four-carbon part is transformed back to oxaloacetate. According to the genome sequence data, many organisms seem to lack genes for the full cycle [MD:
M00009 ], but contain genes for specific segments [MD:
M00010 M00011 ].
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Module
aly_M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:aly00020 ]
aly_M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:aly00020 ]
Other DBs
Organism
Arabidopsis lyrata (lyrate rockcress) [GN:
aly ]
Gene
9320108 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00030 ] [EC:1.1.1.41 ]
9329788 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: putative isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit-like 4 [KO:K00030 ] [EC:1.1.1.41 ]
9300449 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
9305659 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00658 ] [EC:2.3.1.61 ]
9302813 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
9320201 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
9304714 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
9313115 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
9302725 succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
9307450 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 3-1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00236 ]
9318138 succinate dehydrogenase subunit 4, mitochondrial [KO:K25801 ]
9313917 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
9321064 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
9330544 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 3 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
9313003 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 4 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
9327165 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component 5 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, chloroplastic [KO:K00627 ] [EC:2.3.1.12 ]
Compound
C05125 2-(alpha-Hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate
C05381 3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropyl-ThPP
C15972 Enzyme N6-(lipoyl)lysine
C15973 Enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine
C16254 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase] S-succinyldihydrolipoyllysine
C16255 [Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase] S-acetyldihydrolipoyllysine
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y (ed).
Title
[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
Reference
Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
Authors
Michal G.
Title
Biochemical Pathways
Journal
Wiley (1999)
Related pathway
aly00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
aly00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
aly00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
aly00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
KO pathway
LinkDB
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